共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
邻硝基苯丙酮酸乙酯烯醇钾的合成和乙醇钾的制备新方法研究张本才,李宝林,李安祥(陕西师范大学化学系,西安710062)邻硝基苯丙酮酸乙酯烯醇钾用作合成邻硝基苯甲醛(一种难于合成的重要化工原料,主要用来生产硝苯吡啶等药物)的关键中间体早有报道 ̄[1,2]... 相似文献
4.
甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯与顺丁烯二酸二丁基锡三元共聚物的合成与表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,将顺丁烯二酸二丁基锡(DBTM)与苯乙烯(St)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行本体三元共聚反应,探讨了共聚反应条件.用液相色谱、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和热重分析对共聚物的结构和性能进行了表征.动态热流变性实验结果表明,在含锡量相同的情况下,共聚物对PVC的热稳定效果优于DBTM,可以作为多功能化的PVC热稳定剂. 相似文献
5.
用偶氮二异丁腈作引发剂,使N-乙烯基咔唑和丙烯酸甲酯在苯中共聚合,该共聚物在四氢呋喃中用氢氧化钠水溶液水解,得到水溶性乙烯基咔唑-丙烯酸共聚物,该共聚物的水溶液在373nm处产生较强的荧光,其荧光强度随液pH值增大而增强,在该高分子水溶液中,加入不少量阳离子表面活性剂,其量子产率可提高7倍。微量重金属离子(Hg^2^+)对荧光有一定的熄灭作用。荧光强度(logIo/I)与Hg^2^+的浓度呈线性关 相似文献
6.
制备线型和网状N-乙烯基咔唑-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物后,用三氟乙酸汞分别在四氢呋喃和二氯甲烷中进行汞化反应,得到相应的线型和网状汞代咔唑共聚物。这些共聚物经THF溶解或溶胀后,用氢氧化钠水溶液水解,得到相应的水溶性线型高分子和吸水性网状高分子,憎水性汞汞代咔唑共聚物在THF中由I2抽代汞;亲水性汞代咔唑共聚物在水溶液中由KI3取代汞、汞代咔唑高分子链在不同溶剂中可以产生不同的形态变化。 相似文献
7.
以聚氧乙烯和全氟辛基聚氧乙烯醚(FPEOE)为起始原料, 合成了一系列的特种氟表面活性剂及其丙烯酸酯, 用FTIR和1H NMR对其结构进行了表征, 用最大气泡法测定了其表面张力. 以其作为接枝单体, 利用反应挤出接枝的方法制备了系列功能化聚乙烯, 用FTIR确定了接枝共聚物的结构和接枝率; 用DSC、接触角测量仪和XPS对接枝共聚物的热性能、结晶行为和表面性能进行了测试分析. 结果表明, 随着聚氧乙烯分子量的增加, 氟表面活性剂的表面活性降低; 聚乙烯接枝共聚物的结晶温度高于线形低密度聚乙烯, 且具有较好的亲水性. 相似文献
8.
以4,4′(α,ω辛二酰氧)二苯甲酰氯,2,5二(4十六烷氧基苯甲酰氧基)对苯二酚和4,4′二(β羟基乙氧基)联苯为单体,通过溶液缩聚反应合成了一系列新的含两种液晶基元的串型液晶共聚物.共聚物通过GPC、DSC、TG、WAXD和偏光显微镜等方法表征.发现所有的共聚物加热至各自的熔点以上都能形成液晶态,在液晶态可以观察到大理石或破碎焦锥织构.所有共聚物的熔点(Tm)和液晶态清亮点(Ti)随聚合物中2,5二(4十六烷氧基苯甲酰氧基)对苯二酚用量的改变呈规律性变化. 相似文献
9.
10.
以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,调整硬段(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)和软段(丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯)的含量,通过自由基聚合反应制备了丙烯酸树脂。然后通过中和反应把氢氧化铜引入到丙烯酸树脂侧链中,最终制备了四种丙烯酸铜树脂。采用IR和GPC对树脂进行结构分析,IR发现碳碳双键吸收峰完全消失,GPC证实树脂的平均分子量在1.1~1.3万之间,表明聚合反应已经完全;DSC和TGA分析了树脂的热性能,发现玻璃化转变温度(Tg)随甲基丙烯酸甲酯含量的增加而线性增加,热稳定性随硬段含量的递增而逐渐下降。通过SEM发现铜离子在树脂体系中分散均匀,XRD分析表明树脂为无定形晶态结构。对树脂进行理化性能分析,发现四种树脂的附着力均为一级,粘度随着硬段含量的增加而适度增大。 相似文献
11.
Mircea Grigoras Gabrielle-Charlotte Chitanu Irina Popescu Irina-Mihaela Pelin Gimi-Aurelian Rimbu 《Macromolecular Symposia》2008,263(1):30-37
Summary: Polyaniline/maleic acid copolymers composites were synthesized by chemical in situ polymerization of aniline using ammonium peroxidisulfate as oxidant, in the presence of water soluble copolymers containing carboxylic groups. Fine dispersions of composite materials, soluble in N,N-dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide were obtained which can be processed as thin films and membranes for application as proton-conductive materials for electrolyte membranes of fuel cells. The composites were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and thermal methods. 相似文献
12.
氢键型聚芳醚酮共聚物的合成与表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
氢键型聚芳醚酮共聚物的合成与表征王忠刚,陈天禄,徐纪平(中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春1300220)关键词氢键,聚芳醚酮,合成,表征高分子链之间的氢键相互作用可以有效地提高聚合物的性能[1,2].本工作通过共聚反应,在酚酞型聚芳醚酮PEK-C分子... 相似文献
14.
两亲性三嵌段共聚物PAA-PHB-PAA的合成及表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文用ATRP方法, 以两端溴化的聚β-羟基丁酸酯链段(Br-PHB-Br)作为大分子引发剂, 丙烯酸叔丁酯为单体, 合成了一种新的三嵌段共聚物聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-聚β-羟基丁酸酯-聚丙烯酸叔丁酯(PtBA-PHB-PtBA). 在酸性条件下进一步水解, 得到了一种两亲性的聚丙烯酸-聚β-羟基丁酸酯-聚丙烯酸(PAA-PHB-PAA)三嵌段共聚物. 相似文献
15.
16.
采用2-氯-2,4,4-三甲基戊烷或对二枯基氯为引发剂和TiCl4或FeCl3为共引发剂,引发异丁烯(IB)可控/活性正离子聚合与官能端基转化,设计合成不同分子量及窄分子量分布的端基官能化聚异丁烯,如双端烯丙基溴官能化聚异丁烯(Br-PIB-Br)或双端烯丙基胺官能化聚异丁烯(H2N-PIB-NH2).采用烯丙基溴/高氯酸银体系引发四氢呋喃(THF)开环聚合,合成聚四氢呋喃活性链(PTHF+).进一步通过将IB可控/活性正离子聚合与THF可控/活性正离子开环聚合2种方法相结合,设计合成2种新型官能化聚四氢呋喃-b-聚异丁烯-b-聚四氢呋喃(PTHF-b-PIB-b-PTHF)三嵌段共聚物:(1)以上述Br-PIB-Br为大分子引发剂,在AgClO4作用下引发THF活性正离子开环聚合,采用水终止活性链端,设计合成双端为羟基的HO-PTHF-b-PIB-b-PTHF-OH三嵌段共聚物(简称:FIBF-OH);(2)以上述合成的PTHF+活性链与H2NPIB-NH2链端胺基发生高效亲核取代反应,设计合成中间链段连接点含―NH―官能基团的PTHF-b-HNPIB-NH-b-PTHF三嵌段共聚物(简称:FIBF-NH).在上述三嵌段共聚物中,极性PTHF链段与非极性PIB链段的热力学不相容,导致其呈现明显的微相分离,且微观形态与共聚组成相关.PTHF均聚物易结晶,在上述共聚物中由于PTHF链段单端受限致其结晶性减弱.三嵌段共聚物分子链的中间连接点含―NH―官能基团,具有更强的氢键作用,促进PTHF链段重排并结晶,易形成更紧密的超分子网络结构,导致即使在PTHF链段相对分子量为0.7 kg·mol^-1时仍具有较强的结晶性,且结晶熔融温度明显提高.此外,由于FIBF-NH中形成超分子网络结构,使材料具有优异的自修复性能,材料表面的切痕在常温下10 min后可以完全自愈合.本文设计合成的新型官能化PTHF-b-PIB-b-PTHF三嵌段共聚物兼具有PTHF与PIB的优良性能,在生物医用、智能修复等功能材料领域具有潜在的应用前景. 相似文献
17.
18.
Recently,thesynthesisandapplications0fbiodegradablepolydepsipeptides,alternatingcopolymersofa-aminoacidanda-hydroxyacidwithfunctionalside-chaingroupshavedrawnmoreandmoreattentionl'2.Thisisbecausethefunctionalizedpendantgroups0fthep0lydepsipeptidesmakethemusefulf0rthepreparationofavarietyofpolymer-drugconjugates.However,thepolymerizati0nofdepsipeptideswithfuncti0nalgr0upsisratherdifficultduetotheirbigstructuresandsterichindrance.Furthermore,high-molecular-weightpr0ductsofsuitablephysicalpropert… 相似文献
19.
Filipe E. Antunes Luís Alves Claudia Duarte Björn Lindman Björn Klotz Axel Böttcher 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(9):1368-1372
Physical properties of aqueous solutions of hydrophobically modified crosslinked polyacrylic acids change quite extensively as the polymer is charged up. A study is carried out concerning the similarities between two polymer ionization processes, that is, by pH increment and anionic surfactant addition. The two processes charge the polymer by distinctly different mechanisms. At sufficiently high pH the carboxylic groups of the polymer are virtually all ionized and the polymer is, therefore, fully charged. The effective repulsion among the charged groups due to the entropy of the counterions promotes an increased stiffness as well as an expansion of the polymer particles. We investigate here how the ionization and swelling will be if, instead of high pH, the polymer is at low pH conditions but associated to ionic surfactants. Surfactants associate to the polymer both in a noncooperative way by the binding of individual surfactant molecules and in a cooperative way as micelles since the polymer promotes surfactant self-assembly. This binding leads to a highly charged polymer-surfactant complex and leads to an osmotic swelling as well. The swelling and the gelation were monitored by rheology and dynamic light scattering, of polymer solutions by varying the pHs and adding ionic surfactants at low pH. The results show that ionization by surfactants and by pH lead to approximately the same gelation degree, as can be seen by similar viscosity values. Both processes result in dramatic viscosity increases, up to 8 orders of magnitude. More hydrophobic surfactants, with longer alkyl chain, are shown to be more efficient as enhancers of swelling and gelation. The network that is formed at high pH or at sufficiently high concentration of surfactant can be weakened or even disrupted if monovalent or divalent salts are added, demonstrating the role of counterion entropy. 相似文献