弛豫型铁电单晶0.67Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-0.33PbTiO_3的拉曼散射研究

本文采用拉曼散射技术在温度从374到-196℃的范围内,研究了弛豫型铁电单晶0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3(PMNT)。观察了在不同温度下拉曼光谱的变化,经分析这些变化反映了该晶体经历了两个相变:第一个相变温度发生在120℃,从顺电立方相到铁电四方相的相变,780 cm-1处模式在VH偏振下的改变标志了这一相变;第二个相变温度发生在34℃,是从铁电四方相到铁电三方相的相变,软模的出现代表了这一相变。     

Polarized Micro-Raman Study of the Temperature-Induced Phase Transition In 0.67 Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）O3-0.33PbTiO3

Polarized Raman spectra of ferroelectric relaxor 0.67Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）O3-0.33PbTiO3 （0.67PMN-0.33PT） single crystal are systematically investigated in a wide temperature range from -196 to 600℃ by micro-Raman scattering technique. The results clearly reveal that there are two structural phase transitions in such composite ferroelectric relaxor： the rhombohedral-tetragonal （R- T） phase transition and the tetragonal-cubic （T- C） phase transition. The former occurs at about TR-T =34℃, corresponding to the vanishing of the soft A1 mode at 106cm^-1 recorded in the parallel polarization. The latter appears at about TT-C = 144℃, which can be verified with the vanishing of mode at 780cm^-1 measured in the crossed polarization.     

钛酸铅单晶纳米棒的生长机制和声子特性研究

采用改进熔盐法经一步反应合成了直径50-80nm,长度为1-5μm的单晶PbTiO3纳米棒。纳米棒沿(100)晶向生长,其形成可以用Ostwald成熟机制来解释。PbTiO3纳米棒晶格结构为四方(a=b=3.926,c=3.963),与单晶相比四方性明显下降。通过变温拉曼测试发现其铁电-顺电相变温度为440℃,低于单晶(490℃)。相变过程中“软模”E(1TO)的软化行为(从67 cm-1到56 cm-1)比单晶显著减弱,表明钛酸铅纳米棒中铁电性的弱化。     

等静压下0.75Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）O3-0.25PbTiO3陶瓷的介电性能研究

研究了等静压对0.75Pb（Mg_1/3Nb_2/3）O₃-0.25PbTiO₃（PMN-25PT）陶瓷介电温谱的影响,PMN-25PT剩余极化随等静压变化和等静压压致相变.结果表明,随着压力增加,PMN-25PT的介电峰值温度T_m降低,/+{dT_m}/-{dP}≈-4℃/kbar,极化弛豫增强;剩余极化随压力增加连续减小;介电常数对压力的依赖关系与对温度场的依赖相似,压力诱导PMN-25PT发生弛豫铁电—顺电相变,相变为宽化的渐变过程,频率色散和极化弛豫更加强烈和普遍. 关键词： 铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅 等静压 介电弛豫 压致相变     

铁掺杂四方、三方两相共存PZN-PZT陶瓷的Raman散射分析

Raman散射常用于研究温度变化时铁电体的各种相变,如铁电-顺电相变等,但是,利用Raman散射研究掺杂诱导的相变并不常见。本文采用Raman散射研究了铁掺杂Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.2(Zr0.5Ti0.5)0.8O3(PZN-PZT)铁电陶瓷中三方-四方共存现象。通过分析四方相E(3TO)和A1(3TO)模式与三方相Rl模式,确定了铁掺杂对PZN-PZT陶瓷中三方-四方共存结构的影响。这一结果,得到了XRD相分析的验证。因此,通过对Raman散射中三方-四方振动模式的分析,可以表征掺杂诱导的PZT基陶瓷中三方-四方相结构变化趋势。     

LiTaO3的高温拉曼光谱研究

利用显微共聚焦拉曼光谱技术研究了LiTaO3晶体在298～948K温度范围内的拉曼光谱,通过对其高波数拉曼峰的分析,研究了LiTaO3的相变机制。研究发现,除466.7cm-1峰外,LiTaO3的其余拉曼峰随着温度的升高向低波数方向明显频移;所有拉曼峰的半高宽随着温度的升高逐渐增加,同时拉曼峰的强度逐渐减弱;在933K附近,LiTaO3的三个拉曼峰的消失,表明LiTaO3发生了从低温铁电相到高温顺电相的相变;与此同时,在该温度附近,359.5,385.0以及466.7cm-1峰的半高宽存在超线性增加。研究结果表明,LiTaO3从低温铁电相到高温顺电相的相变是一种混合型相变,其相变过程可逆。     

偏振拉曼散射研究ZnO单晶纳米压痕区内的晶格畸变分布

通过结合纳米压痕和偏振拉曼散射技术对压应力影响下ZnO单晶晶格出现的变化进行了研究。位错的滑移是导致ZnO单晶中出现多处塑性变形的原因而非相变。之后采用偏振拉曼Mapping成像技术以E2(high)模为对象, 监视其在整个压痕区内的强度变化分布。在压痕区中心累积的应力通过位错的滑移而释放, 同时导致压痕区中心处的晶格畸变程度最为严重。伴随着晶格失配的加剧, 拉曼选择定则放宽, 在Z(XX)配置下较弱的LO得到增强, 原本非拉曼活性的B1(high)模出现。此外, 在Z(XY)偏振下压痕区左侧的拉曼光谱中观察到位于130 cm-1处的拉曼异常振动模。此峰的出现可能与压痕区左侧由刃位错所形成的应力场吸引间隙离子导致的晶格畸变有关。     

化学计量比LiNbO3晶体的激光显微拉曼光谱研究

对用助熔剂提拉法生长的近化学计量比LiNbO3晶体进行了激光显微拉曼光谱测试分析,与同成分LiNbO3晶体相比较,A1(TO)与E(TO)模的谱线数目、频率基本不变,验证了LiNbO3晶体属置换式固溶体的结论.738cm-1处拉曼振动峰（A1(LO)模）的相对强度随晶体中Li2O含量的增加发生了明显的变化,在两种掺杂晶体中,此振动峰已经消失.根据Li空位模型,从占位和结构上进行了分析讨论.在152和872cm-1处拉曼振动峰半高宽随晶体中Li/Nb的增大而变窄,对二者关系进行了线性拟合,利用拟合公式可根据拉曼振动峰半高宽计算晶体中的Li/Nb值. 关键词： 化学计量比 拉曼光谱 线性拟合 半高宽     

铁电液晶MBOPDOB相变的光散射研究

我们对铁电液晶 MBOPDOB 进行了温度有关的拉曼散射研究。在低频范围记录了三条拉曼谱线(15,49,93cm~(-1))。其中15和49cm~(-1)谱线消失于 C-Sm C相变温度,没有检测到任何频移现象。93cm~(-1)拉曼线产生部分频移,消失于各向同性相,联系着偶极-偶极互作用。高频范围四个振动模(1178和1116cm~(-1),1710和1738cm~(-1))之间能量转移归于由电子转移引起的 C=0键硬化和 C-0健的弱化。同时也讨论了该液晶 Sm C-Sm A 相变的二级连续型特征。     

0.5PZN-0.5PZT压电陶瓷拉曼散射研究

PZT基多元系压电陶瓷在三方相含量与四方相含量相等的准同型相界处(MPB)具有极为优异的压电性能。文章采用拉曼散射方法研究了0.5PZN-0.5PZT陶瓷体系中三方-四方相共存与弥散相变现象。研究发现,与纯PZT相比,0.5PZN-0.5PZT体系拉曼谱呈明显宽化特征,表明体系弛豫性较强,依据介温谱计算出弥散因子γ高达1.71。通过对拉曼谱峰进行Gauss函数拟合,定量计算三方相R₁模式与四方相E(3TO)和A₁(3TO)模式相对强度,以及四方相E(4LO)和A₁(3LO)模式与三方相R_h模式相对强度,结果表明0.5PZN-0.5PZT体系三方相与四方相含量相等,组成位于准同型相界,该结果得到XRD相分析验证。电学测量表明0.5PZN-0.5PZT陶瓷压电性能优异：k_p=0.66, d₃₃=425 pC/N,适宜作为压电致动器材料使用。     

A polarized micro-Raman study of a 0.65PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 - 0.35PbTiO3 single crystal

Polarized micro-Raman spectra of a 0.65PbMg_1/3Nb_2/3O₃-0.35PbTiO₃ (0.65PMN-0.35PT) single crystal poled in the [001] direction are obtained in a wide frequency range (50-2000 cm^-1) at different temperatures. The best fit to the Raman spectrum at 77 K is achieved using 17 Lorenzians to convolute into it, and this is proved to be a reasonable fit. According to the group theory and selection rules of overtone and combinational modes, apart from the seven Raman modes that are from first-order Raman scattering, the remaining ones are attributed to being from second-order Raman scattering. A comparison between the experimental results and theoretical predictions shows that they are in satisfactory agreement with each other. Our results indicate that at 77 K the sample belongs to the rhombohedral symmetry with the C_3v⁵ (R3m) space group (Z=1). In our study, on heating, the 0.65PMN-0.35PT single crystal undergoes a rhombohedral to tetragonal to cubic phase transition sequence. The two phase transitions occur at 340 and 440 K, which correspond to the disappearance of the soft mode near 106 cm^-1 recorded in VV polarization and the vanishing of the band around 780 cm^-1 in VH polarization, respectively.     

A comparative Raman study of 0.65(PbMg<Subscript>1/3</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>2/3</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>) -0.35(PbTiO<Subscript>3</Subscript>) single crystal and thin film

We report a comparative Raman study of 0.65(PbMg_1/3Nb_2/3O₃)-0.35(PbTiO₃) (PMN-0.35PT) single crystal and thin film. Raman spectra investigation indicates a change in bulk from the high temperature cubic to the tetragonal phase and then to the low temperature Mc monoclinic phase. The transition temperatures are in good agreement with the ones previously observed by dielectric measurements on the same sample. In contrast, we observe no phase transition to the monoclinic phase in the PMN-0.35PT 4000 Å thick film and only a cubic to tetragonal diffuse transition has been determined at high temperature. The enhanced stability of the tetragonal phase and the absence of low temperature monoclinic phase have been attributed to the in plane strain.     

布里渊散射决定0.67Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-0.33PbTiO_3单晶的弹性、压电和介电常数(英文)

我们报道了用高分辨布里渊散射,确定0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3单晶中的弹性、压电和介电常数.所有的实验数据都是在一块沿[001]方向的极化的单晶样品上获得的。我们实验中得到的这些常数的数值和以往超声共振技术获得的数值相似。我们还研究了压缩模和剪切模在(010)和(001)平面内的方向依赖性。TA1和TA2模式的强度对散射角度有很强列依赖性。在散射角度为45°~65°内,一个新的峰出现在~18 GHz附近。它可能与晶体中的微观不均匀性或者局域微结构相关。     

KDP晶体拉曼散射角度特性

利用群理论详细分析了磷酸二氢钾(KDP)晶体的拉曼振动模式,得出了其拉曼振动模的归类。并采用拉曼光谱仪测量了Z切退火KDP晶体X(ZZ)珡X,Z(XY)珚Z和Y(XY)X三种散射配置和未退火KDP晶体Z(XY)珚Z配置下的拉曼光谱。根据拉曼选择定则得出X(ZZ)珡X,Z(XY)珚Z和Y(XY)X散射配置下的拉曼峰分别对应A1,B2(LO),B2(TO)对称类振动模,但在Z(XY)珚Z配置下的拉曼光谱中除了B2模,还观察到了A1模,而在Y(XY)X配置下的拉曼光谱中只有B2模,且退火和未退火晶体Z(XY)珚Z配置下的拉曼光谱无明显差别,此结果表明KDP晶体的对称性降低,在背向散射时A1模也具有角度特性,但与晶体的内应力无关,这是由KDP晶体内部结构决定的。     

Influence of the electric field on structural transformations and phase boundary for PMg1/3Nb2/3O3-xPbTiO3 single crystals

The influence of different regimes of application of a dc electric field (0 < E < 4 kV/cm) on structural phase transformations and behavior of the phase boundary in [001]-oriented single crystals PMg_1/3Nb_2/3O₃-xPbTiO₃ (PMN-xPT) with compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (x = 28 and 32%) and far from it (x = 13%) has been investigated. The studies have been performed using optical methods, namely, optical transmittance and small-angle light scattering. It has been revealed that the number, symmetry, and stability of field-induced phases depend on the regime of electric field application. During cooling of the PMN-28PT crystals from the cubic phase in the field (FC regime), the tetragonal phase is induced already in weak fields of ∼0.5 kV/cm, whereas even a field of 3 kV/cm is insufficient for inducing this phase by applying the field in the ferroelectric phase. In the PMN-32PT crystal (which has a composition closer to the morphotropic phase boundary as compared to that of the PMN-28PT crystal) in the FC regime and when the field is applied in the ferroelectric phase, the tetragonal phase is induced already in weak electric fields, even though this phase in the latter case appears to be unstable. The E-T phase diagrams have been constructed for different regimes of field application. The possible factors responsible for the observed differences have been discussed.