On some generalizations of Lorentz's almost convergence

We investigate an extension of the almost convergence of G.G. Lorentz, further weakening the notion of M-almost convergence we defined in [S. Mercourakis, G. Vassiliadis, An extension of Lorentz's almost convergence and applications in Banach spaces, Serdica Math. J. 32 (2006) 71–98] and requiring that the means of a bounded sequence restricted on a subset M of converge weakly in ℓ^∞(M). The case when M has density 1 is of special interest and in this case we derive a result in the direction of the Mean Ergodic Theorem (see Theorem 2).     

An improved convergence rate of Glimm scheme for general systems of hyperbolic conservation laws

We study the convergence rate of Glimm scheme for general systems of hyperbolic conservation laws without the assumption that each characteristic field is either genuinely nonlinear or linearly degenerate. We first give a sharper estimate of the error arising from the wave tracing argument by a careful analysis of the interaction between small waves. With this key estimate, the convergence rate is shown to be , which is sharper compared to given in [T. Yang, Convergence rate of Glimm scheme for general systems of hyperbolic conservation laws, Taiwanese J. Math. 7 (2) (2003) 195-205]. However, it is still slower than given in [A. Bressan, A. Marson, Error bounds for a deterministic version of the Glimm scheme, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 142 (2) (1998) 155-176] for systems with each characteristic field being genuinely nonlinear or linearly degenerate. Here s is the mesh size and α is any positive constant.     

Demiclosed principle and convergence for modified three step iterative process with errors of non-Lipschitzian mappings

A demiclosed principle is proved for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in the intermediate sense. Moreover, it is proved that the modified three-step iterative sequence converges weakly and strongly to common fixed points of three asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in the intermediate sense under certain conditions. The results of this paper improve and extend the corresponding results of [M.O. Osilike, S.C. Aniagbosor, Weak and strong convergence theorems for fixed points of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings, Math. Comput. Modelling 32 (2000) 1181-1191; G.E. Kim, T.H. Kim, Mann and Ishikawa iterations with errors for non-Lipschitzian mappings in Banach spaces, Comput. Math. Appl. 42 (2001) 1565-1570; B.L. Xu, M.A. Noor, Fixed point iterations for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 267 (2002) 444-453; K. Nammanee, S. Suantai, The modified Noor iterations with errors for non-Lipschitzian mappings in Banach spaces, Appl. Math. Comput. 187 (2007) 669-679; K. Nammanee, M.A. Noor, S. Suantai, Convergence criteria of modified Noor iterations with errors for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 314 (2006) 320-334] and other corresponding known ones. On the other hand, we show the necessary and sufficient condition for the strong convergence of the modified three-step iterative sequence to some common fixed points of .     

Weak and strong convergence theorems for a finite family of I-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings

In this paper, a new two-step iterative scheme for a finite family of I_i-asymptotically nonexpansive nonself-mappings is constructed in a uniformly convex Banach space. Weak and strong convergence theorems of this iterative scheme to a common fixed point of and are proved in a uniformly convex Banach space. The results of this paper improve and extend the corresponding results of Temir [2].     

An improved Wei–Yao–Liu nonlinear conjugate gradient method for optimization computation

In this paper, we take a little modification to the Wei–Yao–Liu nonlinear conjugate gradient method proposed by Wei et al. [Z. Wei, S. Yao, L. Liu, The convergence properties of some new conjugate gradient methods, Appl. Math. Comput. 183 (2006) 1341–1350] such that the modified method possesses better convergence properties. In fact, we prove that the modified method satisfies sufficient descent condition with greater parameter in the strong Wolfe line search and converges globally for nonconvex minimization. We also extend these results to the Hestenes–Stiefel method and prove that the modified HS method is globally convergent for nonconvex functions with the standard Wolfe conditions. Numerical results are reported by using some test problems in the CUTE library.     

A remark on continued fractions with sequences of partial quotients

Given any infinite set B of positive integers , let τ(B) denote the exponent of convergence of the series . Let E(B) be the set . Hirst [K.E. Hirst, Continued fractions with sequences of partial quotients, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 38 (1973) 221-227] proved the inequality and conjectured (see Hirst [K.E. Hirst, Continued fractions with sequences of partial quotients, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 38 (1973), p. 225] and Cusick [T.W. Cusick, Hausdorff dimension of sets of continued fractions, Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2) 41 (1990), p. 278]) that equality holds in general. In [Bao-Wei Wang, Jun Wu, A problem of Hirst on continued fractions with sequences of partial quotients, Bull. London Math. Soc., in press], we gave a positive answer to this conjecture. In this note, we further show that the result in [Bao-Wei Wang, Jun Wu, A problem of Hirst on continued fractions with sequences of partial quotients, Bull. London Math. Soc., in press] is sharp.     

Tightness of probability measures on function spaces

Let be the Banach space, with the supremum norm, of all continuous functions f from the unit interval into the Banach space E. If E=R we put CR=C. Function spaces under consideration are equipped with their Borel σ-field. This paper deals with the tightness property of some classes of probability measures (p.m) on the function space CE. We will be concerned mainly with the specific cases E=R, E=C and more generally E a separable Banach space. We give sufficient conditions for tightness by extending and strengthening the conditions developed by Prohorov in connection with limit theorems of stochastic processes. In the general case of a separable Banach space E, the property of tightness will be settled under conditions of different nature from those of Prohorov. Finally weak convergence of p.m on CE will be established under the condition of weak convergence of their finite dimensional distributions. This extends a similar result valid in the space C.     

Estimating upper bounds on the limit points of majorizing sequences for Newton’s method

We present new sufficient conditions for the semilocal convergence of Newton’s method to a locally unique solution of an equation in a Banach space setting. Upper bounds on the limit points of majorizing sequences are also given. Numerical examples are provided, where our new results compare favorably to earlier ones such as Argyros (J Math Anal Appl 298:374–397, 2004), Argyros and Hilout (J Comput Appl Math 234:2993-3006, 2010, 2011), Ortega and Rheinboldt (1970) and Potra and Pták (1984).     

Maps of several variables of finite total variation. II. E. Helly-type pointwise selection principles

Given a=(a₁,…,an), b=(b₁,…,bn)∈Rn with a<b componentwise and a map f from the rectangle into a metric semigroup M=(M,d,+), denote by the Hildebrandt-Leonov total variation of f on , which has been recently studied in [V.V. Chistyakov, Yu.V. Tretyachenko, Maps of several variables of finite total variation. I, J. Math. Anal. Appl. (2010), submitted for publication]. The following Helly-type pointwise selection principle is proved: If a sequence{fj}_j∈Nof maps frominto M is such that the closure in M of the set{fj(x)}_j∈Nis compact for eachandis finite, then there exists a subsequence of{fj}_j∈N, which converges pointwise onto a map f such that. A variant of this result is established concerning the weak pointwise convergence when values of maps lie in a reflexive Banach space (M,‖⋅‖) with separable dual M^∗.     

On the modulus of -convexity

In this paper, we prove that the moduli of W^*-convexity, introduced by Ji Gao [J. Gao, The W^*-convexity and normal structure in Banach spaces, Appl. Math. Lett. 17 (2004) 1381–1386], of a Banach space X and of the ultrapower of X itself coincide whenever X is super-reflexive. Moreover, we improve a sufficient condition for uniform normal structure of the space and its dual. This generalizes and strengthens the main results of [J. Gao, The W^*-convexity and normal structure in Banach spaces, Appl. Math. Lett. 17 (2004) 1381–1386].     

Resolvents of operators and partial functional differential equations with nonautonomous past

To a backward evolution family on a Banach space X we associate an abstract differential operator G through the integral equation on a Banach space of X-valued functions on . We compute the resolvent of the restriction of this operator to a smaller domain to obtain a generator. We then apply the results to prove existence, exponential stability and exponential dichotomy of solutions to partial functional equations with nonautonomous past as discussed in [S. Brendle, R. Nagel, Dist. Contin. Dynam. Systems 8 (2002) 953-966]. Our main tools are spectral mapping theorems for evolution semigroups and hyperbolicity criteria.     

On the de Rham-Witt complex in mixed characteristic

The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it gives a thorough treatment of the de Rham-Witt complex for -algebras, a construction we first considered in [L. Hesselholt, I. Madsen, Ann. of Math. 158 (2003) 1-113]. This complex is the natural generalization to -algebras of the de Rham-Witt complex for -algebras of Bloch-Deligne-Illusie [L. Illusie, Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. 12 (4) (1979) 501-661] (for p odd). We also give an explicit formula for the de Rham-Witt complex of a polynomial ring in terms of that of the coefficient ring. Secondly, we generalize the main Theorem C of [L. Hesselholt, I. Madsen, Ann. of Math. 158 (2003) 1-113] to smooth algebras over a discrete valuation ring of mixed characteristic (0,p) with perfect residue field and p odd.     

Invariant manifolds of partial functional differential equations

This paper is concerned with the existence, smoothness and attractivity of invariant manifolds for evolutionary processes on general Banach spaces when the nonlinear perturbation has a small global Lipschitz constant and locally C^k-smooth near the trivial solution. Such a nonlinear perturbation arises in many applications through the usual cut-off procedure, but the requirement in the existing literature that the nonlinear perturbation is globally C^k-smooth and has a globally small Lipschitz constant is hardly met in those systems for which the phase space does not allow a smooth cut-off function. Our general results are illustrated by and applied to partial functional differential equations for which the phase space (where r>0 and being a Banach space) has no smooth inner product structure and for which the validity of variation-of-constants formula is still an interesting open problem.     

Maps of several variables of finite total variation. I. Mixed differences and the total variation

Given two points a=(a₁,…,an) and b=(b₁,…,bn) from Rn with a<b componentwise and a map f from the rectangle into a metric semigroup M=(M,d,+), we study properties of the total variation of f on introduced by the first author in [V.V. Chistyakov, A selection principle for mappings of bounded variation of several variables, in: Real Analysis Exchange 27th Summer Symposium, Opava, Czech Republic, 2003, pp. 217-222] such as the additivity, generalized triangle inequality and sequential lower semicontinuity. This extends the classical properties of C. Jordan's total variation (n=1) and the corresponding properties of the total variation in the sense of Hildebrandt [T.H. Hildebrandt, Introduction to the Theory of Integration, Academic Press, 1963] (n=2) and Leonov [A.S. Leonov, On the total variation for functions of several variables and a multidimensional analog of Helly's selection principle, Math. Notes 63 (1998) 61-71] (n∈N) for real-valued functions of n variables.     

Degree of approximation to function of bounded variation by Bézier variant of MKZ operators

Guo (Approx. Theory Appl. 4 (1988) 9-18) introduced the integral modification of Meyer-Konig and Zeller operators and studied the rate of convergence for functions of bounded variation. In this paper we introduce the Bézier variant of these integrated MKZ operators and study the rate of convergence by means of the decomposition technique of functions of bounded variation together with some results of probability theory and the exact bound of MKZ basis functions. Recently, Zeng (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 219 (1998) 364-376) claimed to improve the results of Guo and Gupta (Approx. Theory Appl. 11 (1995) 106-107), but there is a major mistake in the paper of Zeng. For special case our main theorem gives the correct estimate on the rate of convergence, over the result of Zeng.     

Weighted finite difference methods for a class of space fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients

A class of weighted finite difference methods (WFDMs) for solving a class of initial-boundary value problems of space fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients is presented. Their stability and convergence properties are considered. It is proven that the WFDMs are unconditionally-stable for , and conditionally-stable for , here r is the weighting parameter subjected to 0≤r≤1. Some convergence results are given. These methods, problems and results generalize the corresponding methods, problems and results given in [7], [8] and [10]. Some numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the methods with different weighting parameters.     

Some strong limit theorems for -mixing sequences of random variables

In this paper, we study the almost sure convergence for -mixing sequences of random variables. As a result, the authors improve the corresponding results of Yang [Yang, Shanchao, 1998. Some moment inequalities for partial sums of random variables and their applications. Chinese Sci. Bull. 43 (17), 1823–1827], Gan [Gan, Shixin, 2004. Almost sure convergence for -mixing random variable sequences. Statist. Probab. Lett. 67, 289–298], and Wu [Wu, Qunying, 2001. Some convergence properties for -mixing sequences. J. Engng. Math. 18 (3), 58–64 (in Chinese)]. We extend the classical Khintchine–Kolmogorov convergence theorem, the Marcinkiewicz strong law of large numbers, and the three series theorem for independent sequences of random variables to -mixing sequences of random variables without necessarily adding any extra conditions.     

Product variational measures and Fubini-Tonelli type theorems for the Henstock-Kurzweil integral II

This paper is a continuation of the paper [T.Y. Lee, Product variational measures and Fubini-Tonelli type theorems for the Henstock-Kurzweil integral, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 298 (2004) 677-692], in which we proved several Fubini-Tonelli type theorems for the Henstock-Kurzweil integral. Let f be Henstock-Kurzweil integrable on a compact interval . For a given compact interval , set