基于ZigBee的矿井环境监测系统设计

针对矿井环境恶劣、干扰严重和传统信号有线传输的现状,设计了基于ZigBee无线传感器网络的矿井环境监测系统;系统由井下ZigBee传感器终端节点、路由器、协调器和井上监测上位机构成,其中传感器终端节点对井下瓦斯、一氧化碳、温度等信号进行采集,利用ZigBee无线组网技术将信号送给井上PC机,井上管理人员通过PC机能够随时掌握井下设备和环境的状况;与传统的信号有线传输监测方法相比,该系统低功耗、低成本、抗干扰;实验结果表明,该系统运行稳定可靠,精度高,具有一定的实用性和推广价值。     

井下机车的超声编码报号

本文从井下机车编码报号的实际要求出发，研制了适当的超声换能器、电子线路及单片机处理系统．     

并行高采样实现PN码捕获的井下扩频测距方法

在扩频测距技术中,伪随机(Pseudo-Noise)码捕获时间长,扩频信号需要高带宽信道,井下多径效应还会引起PN码相位延迟,因而使得扩频测距技术难以在煤矿井下应用。为了将扩频测距技术应用于井下,设计了一种并行的PN码同步精测算法,利用FPGA高速的并行处理能力,开辟L-1条相位彼此相差一个PN码片的相关通道,在各相关通道中分别对扩频码调制的数字基带信号相关运算后进行高频率采样,大幅度提高了信号处理带宽,能够在粗同步的基础上直接得到更高的时间分辨率。仿真结果表明,所提出的方法能够抑制井下严重的多径干扰,能将测距PN码所占带宽限制在50MHZ以下而测距精度达到1米以内,是适应煤矿井下特殊环境的一种高效扩频测距方法。     

基于ZigBee的煤矿井下甲烷浓度检测系统设计

针对传统煤矿井下甲烷浓度采用工业总线检测方法的不灵活和存在盲点等问题,本文提出了一种基于ZigBee的煤矿井下甲烷浓度检测系统。系统采用ZigBee协议栈构建无线传感器通讯网络,该网络的终端节点感知和采集矿井甲烷的浓度,并将浓度数据通过无线传输至协调器,协调器再经过串口传输到地面的监控中心。详细介绍了检测系统的软硬件设计,并对系统进行了测试验证。     

井下巷道电缆安装车自适应挂缆控制系统设计与开发

针对目前煤矿井下巷道人力牵引敷设电缆方式劳动强度大、电缆易磨损及工作效率低等问题,依据井下巷道环境以及井下电缆安装车的结构,设计并开发了井下巷道电缆安装车自适应挂缆控制系统,以机械化、自动化技术解放工人的繁重劳动;系统以C8051F020单片机为主控单元,采用手动控制和自动控制结合、手动控制优先的控制策略,融入记忆学习的智能思想,实现井下巷道电缆自动悬挂;阐述了系统的工作原理、软硬件设计及实现;实验室性能测试结果表明,位移测量误差±2%以内,挂缆机械手能够按照手动、自动的要求正确动作并准确挂缆,实现电缆的自适应悬挂。     

两相驱动问题的微分算子离散化方法

用高压泵将水强行注入油层后,水驱动油层中的石油,这就是油、水两相驱动同题,这类同题的研究对合理地开发油田是十分重要的。我们利用微分算子离散化方法提出了几种计算格式,并讨论了它的半离散化和全离散化的误差估计,最后按照油田实际地质参数,试算了油田开发模型并进行了分析。     

含预反馈的激光自混合干涉型位移测量结构

提出了含预反馈的激光自混合干涉型位移测量结构，建立了系统模型，经理论分析和实验验证，结果表明，该结构具有提高温度量程，提高测量信号信噪比及获得粗糙表面的锯齿干涉信号等特点。     

基于参数非共振激励混沌抑制原理的微弱方波信号检测

利用自治混沌系统的参数非共振激励混沌抑制原理实现强噪声背景下微弱方波信号的检测. 将频率远大于系统特征频率的方波信号作为内置激励信号，经平均法处理后，得到受控系统与原系统之间的参数等效关系，并由此确定使系统由混沌状态突变为周期状态的检测参数临界值. 数值仿真结果表明此系统可以达到极低的信噪比工作下限. 相比于利用参数共振微扰混沌抑制原理实现微弱信号检测的有关方法，此方案可根据严格的理论分析得到更准确的检测参数估计值，有利于在相关领域推广应用. 关键词： 自治混沌系统 参数激励 方波信号 检测     

周期性管柱信道的声波通信技术研究综述

井下声波通信技术利用周期性管柱信道实时传输声波数据,相比于其他通信方式,具有适应性好、复杂度低、传输效率高等优点,在随钻地质导向、油水井监测等方面有广阔的应用前景,是发展智能油田的关键技术之一。本文主要综述上世纪90年代以来关于信道物理模型、信道容量、声信号调制与接收方法等关键问题的研究历程,并对通信系统的设计要点与国内外相关产品的现场应用进行梳理,为后续的技术改进提供依据。     

子波变换及其在污染云团红外光谱监测与识别中的应用

反应离散子波变换进行污染云团红外光谱信号分析及特征提取，离散子波变换具有时－频分析特性，能将信号的细微变化反映出来，对实时遥感获取的目标云团作离散子波变换分析的结果表明：离散子波变换可明显提高目标云团的特性，十分有利于光谱的识别。     

基于正交抽取的通用信号算法分析架构

本文以AM信号解调为例子,给出一种基于正交抽取结构的通用信号算法分析架构,由它完成速率匹配、信号滤波、特征向量提取等工作,为后续的信号的时域、频域和调制域的多种分析工作大为简化。     

Comparative Study on Large and Small Signal Theory for Intensity Modulation Response of Semiconductor Lasers Including Higher-Order Dispersion Terms

In this article, the comparison of large signal theory and small signal theory has been done with dispersive propagation of optical signal with IMDD (Intensity Modulation Direct Detection) systems for semiconductor lasers with higher-order dispersion terms. The expressions for an exact large signal theory and small signal theory including higher-order dispersion terms for propagation of an optical wave with sinusoidal amplitude and frequency modulation in a dispersive fiber have been derived. It is observed that small signal theory is more sensitive compared to large signal theory in terms of intensity modulation/direct detection systems. Also, it is reported that for large signal analysis the higher-order effects of dispersion can be ignored, whereas for small signal theory, the higher-order effects can be ignored for lower modulation frequencies only. The variation in the transfer function for various values of modulation indices are greater for small signal analysis than for large signal analysis. Also, as the intensity modulation index is increased, there is a decrease in the value of transfer function. The large signal model approximates the small signal model for lower values of the intensity modulation index.     

Comparative Study on Large and Small Signal Theory for Intensity Modulation Response of Semiconductor Lasers Including Higher-Order Dispersion Terms

In this article, the comparison of large signal theory and small signal theory has been done with dispersive propagation of optical signal with IMDD (Intensity Modulation Direct Detection) systems for semiconductor lasers with higher-order dispersion terms. The expressions for an exact large signal theory and small signal theory including higher-order dispersion terms for propagation of an optical wave with sinusoidal amplitude and frequency modulation in a dispersive fiber have been derived. It is observed that small signal theory is more sensitive compared to large signal theory in terms of intensity modulation/direct detection systems. Also, it is reported that for large signal analysis the higher-order effects of dispersion can be ignored, whereas for small signal theory, the higher-order effects can be ignored for lower modulation frequencies only. The variation in the transfer function for various values of modulation indices are greater for small signal analysis than for large signal analysis. Also, as the intensity modulation index is increased, there is a decrease in the value of transfer function. The large signal model approximates the small signal model for lower values of the intensity modulation index.     

多尺度分析在激光微多普勒效应特征提取中的应用

由于小波变换具有准确度高、抗噪性好等优点,在微多普勒效应探测方面具有很好的应用前景。利用多尺度分析（MRA）将信号进行分解并提取出含有微多普勒效应的低频平滑信息,获取了目标微小振动引起的微多普勒效应。用频谱分析和基于瞬时频率(Instfreq)的时-频域联合分析方法对原始信号及通过MRA分解得到的结果进行了对比研究。结果表明：利用时-频分析对MRA处理后的低频信号进行分析,可更加有效地提取微多普勒效应中振动信号的特征,为目标特征的识别、分类和探测提供了便利。     

小波分析在汽车车灯光源色测量中CCD光谱的消噪平滑处理

本文依据小波变换原理 ,提出利用小波变换技术对汽车车灯光源色测量中实时采集的光源光谱信号进行多分辨分解 ,有效地消除噪声 ,提高了光谱的信噪比。由CCD接收的标准A光源谱进行了多层分解 ,讨论了不同小波基和分解阶次对信号分析结果的影响。选取最佳小波基 ,为光谱信号消噪平滑处理提供了较有效的数据处理方法。通过对CCD接收的光谱信号进行了消噪和平滑处理 ,解决了实时采集光谱信号在分析和数据处理上的困难 ,该研究充分体现了小波变换在数据处理方面的优势 ,在依赖于光谱信号的颜色测量领域中起重要的作用。     

Instantaneous frequency decomposition: an application to spectrally sparse sounds with fast frequency modulations

Classical time-frequency analysis is based on the amplitude responses of bandpass filters, discarding phase information. Instantaneous frequency analysis, in contrast, is based on the derivatives of these phases. This method of frequency calculation is of interest for its high precision and for reasons of similarity to cochlear encoding of sound. This article describes a methodology for high resolution analysis of sparse sounds, based on instantaneous frequencies. In this method, a comparison between tonotopic and instantaneous frequency information is introduced to select filter positions that are well matched to the signal. Second, a cross-check that compares frequency estimates from neighboring channels is used to optimize filter bandwidth, and to signal the quality of the analysis. These cross-checks lead to an optimal time-frequency representation without requiring any prior information about the signal. When applied to a signal that is sufficiently sparse, the method decomposes the signal into separate time-frequency contours that are tracked with high precision. Alternatively, if the signal is spectrally too dense, neighboring channels generate inconsistent estimates-a feature that allows the method to assess its own validity in particular contexts. Similar optimization principles may be present in cochlear encoding.     

小波分析在遥测信号处理中的应用

综述了小波分析的发展现状,通过对比小波变换与短时傅里叶变换之间的差异,指出小波分析是一种多分辨分析方法,特别适合于非平稳信号的分析与处理,并且应用该方法对遥测速变信号进行处理,取得了较好的效果。     

Large Signal Performance of the Electroabsorption Modulator

Large signal analysis of the electroabsorption modulator driven by a mutisinusoidal RF signal is presented. The special case of a two-tone equal-amplitude RF signal is considered in detail, and the results are compared with previously published results.     

Large Signal Analysis of the Dual-Parallel Electroabsorption Modulator

Large signal analysis of the dual-parallel electroabsorption modulator driven by a mutisinusoidal RF signal is presented. The special case of a two-tone equal-amplitude RF signal is considered in detail, and the results are compared with previously published results.     

小波变换及其应用

傅里叶变换是信号分析的最基本工具和方法之一,但其本身仍然存在较大的缺陷,例如不能提供信号在时域上的特征.短时傅里叶变换虽然可以在一定程度上弥补该缺陷,但是它的频率分辨率和时间分辨率都十分有限,只是一种折衷的解决办法.小波变换是一种快速发展和比较流行的信号分析方法,它精确地揭示了信号在时间和频率方面的分布特点,可以同时分析信号在时域和频域中的特征,并可用多种分辨率来分析信号,实现信号的有损和无损传送.文章简要地回顾了小波变换的发展历史,介绍了小波变换的基本思想、主要概念、计算方法和计算流程.最后以四个典型的实例,展示了小波变换在现代工程中的应用和它独特的优势.