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1.
Densely packed single-crystal Bi2Fe4O9 nanowires were successfully synthesized by a template-induced citrate-based sol-gel process. The structural properties of the nanowires were characterized using many techniques. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that Bi2Fe4O9 nanowires possessed a uniform length and diameter, which were controlled by the thickness and the pore diameter of the applied porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template, respectively. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) indicated that Bi2Fe4O9 nanowires had an orthorhombic single-crystal structure. Furthermore, the energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy demonstrated that the stoichiometric Bi2Fe4O9 was formed. The possible formation mechanism of nanowires was also discussed. 相似文献
2.
Zhi Yang 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2005,178(4):1157-1164
The highly ordered LaNiO3 nanowires of the rare-earth perovskite-type composite oxide were controlled synthesized within a porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by means of sol-gel method using nitrate as raw materials and citric acid as chelating agent. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the obtained LaNiO3 nanowires had a uniform length and diameter, which were determined by the thickness and the pore diameter of the applied AAO template. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) indicated that the LaNiO3 nanowires were perovskite-type crystalline structures. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy demonstrated that the stoichiometric LaNiO3 was formed. 相似文献
3.
采用SEM、 XRD、 XPS、恒电流充放电等方法研究了不同量的氧化钛包覆对LiCo0.2Ni0.4Mn0.4O2结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,0.3mol%氧化钛包覆能显著改善LiCo0.2Ni0.4Mn0.4O2的循环性能、倍率放电能力及高截止电压(3.0~4.5 V)下的循环性。XPS数据表明氧化钛包覆能明显的抑制样品表面的氧化活性,从而减少了电极材料表面与电解液的反应,改善了LiCo0.2Ni0.4Mn0.4O2的电化学性能。 相似文献
4.
Benjamin Folch Yannick Guari Christian Guérin 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2005,178(7):2368-2375
Single-crystalline nanorods of γ-MnOOH (manganite) phase with diameters of 120 nm and lengths of 1100 nm have been prepared using a new cluster growth route under low-temperature hydrothermal conditions starting from [Mn12O12(CH3COO)16(H2O)4]·2CH3COOH·4H2O or [Mn12O12(C2H5COO)16(H2O)3]·4H2O without any catalyst or template agents. The so-obtained nanorods were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Their thermal conversion opens an access to Mn3O4 (hausmannite) and β-MnO2 (pyrolusite) nanorods, respectively, under argon or air atmosphere. A coercive field of 12.4 kOe was obtained for the Mn3O4 nanorods. 相似文献
5.
以铈锆固溶体(Ce0.5Zr0.5O2)修饰的高比表面积SiC为载体,采用两步浸渍法制备了Ni、Fe和Co基催化剂,研究了其在煤层气催化燃烧脱氧中的催化活性和稳定性. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、比表面积(BET)、热重分析(TGA)和H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)对催化剂进行了表征. 分析结果表明,Ni、Fe和Co部分进入Ce0.5Zr0.5O2固溶体晶格内部,导致催化剂体相形成更多的缺陷;同时Ce0.5Zr0.5O2固溶体有助于加速金属氧化物和金属之间氧化还原过程的进行,促进了氧吸附、传输和对甲烷的活化. 另外,SiC和Ce0.5Zr0.5O2固熔体良好的抗积碳性能,有效避免了催化剂在富甲烷反应气氛中因积碳而失活,从而使三种催化剂均具有优良的催化燃烧脱氧活性和稳定性. 其中,Co/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2/SiC活性最高,可在320 ℃活化催化甲烷,并在410 ℃实现完全脱氧. 相似文献
6.
Jing Jiang 《European Polymer Journal》2007,43(5):1724-1728
PMMA/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanocomposite with superparamagnetic behavior was synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA) monomer in the presence of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 colloidal suspension assisted by ultrasonic irradiation. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD and FT-IR spectra confirmed the formation of PMMA/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanocomposite. TEM images showed that Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles with the particle sizes of about 12 nm were well dispersed in the polymer matrix. The nanocomposite at room temperature exhibited superparamagnetic behavior under applied magnetic field. The formation mechanism of PMMA/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanocomposite was proposed as well. 相似文献
7.
Li-Xia Yang Ying-Jie Zhu Hua Tong Wei-Wei Wang Guo-Feng Cheng 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2006,179(4):1225-1229
Manganese oxide (hausmannite) polyhedral nanocrystals were prepared by a microwave-assisted solution-based method using Mn(CH3COO)2 and (CH2)6N4 at 80 °C. The as-prepared Mn3O4 nanocrystals were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectrum. Mn3O4 polyhedral nanocrystals prepared by microwave heating at 80 °C for 60 min were of cubic and rhombohedral shapes with the edge lengths in the range of 15-40 nm. Mn3O4 nanocrystals grew following the Ostwald ripening mechanism with increasing reaction time. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction confirm that the as-obtained polyhedral nanocrystals were single-crystalline. The magnetic behavior of Mn3O4 nanocrystals was studied. Mn3O4 nanocrystals show an obvious ferromagnetic behavior at low temperatures. The magnetic behavior of Mn3O4 nanocrystals was sensitive to crystal size. Ferromagnetic onset temperatures (Tc) of samples 1 and 3 are 40.6 and 41.1 K, respectively, lower than that observed for bulk Mn3O4 (42 K). 相似文献
8.
本文以废旧锂电池为原料,经过解体分选、硫酸浸出、除杂净化等一系列工序,回收得到含镍钴锰的混合溶液,采用氢氧化物共沉淀法制备LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料。分别采用XRD,TG/DSC,SEM对其进行表征,并通过恒电流充放电测试和循环性能测试对材料的电化学性能进行分析。结果表明,合成得到的LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料具有典型的层状结构,并呈现球形或类球形的形貌。在0.1C,电压范围为2.75~4.3 V的条件下,经恒流充放电测试,它的首次放电容量为136.5 mAh.g-1,经过30个循环后,放电容量为124.9 mAh.g-1,容量保持率高达91.5%,表现出较优异的电化学性能。 相似文献
9.
0IntroductionMany efforts have been made to develop newmaterials as an alternative to LiCoO2due to the rela-tively high cost and toxicity of Co.Much attention hasbeen paid to layered structure cathode materials suchas LiMnO2and LiNiO2due to their lower co… 相似文献
10.
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列富锂锰基正极材料xLi2MnO3?(1-x)LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2(x=0.1-0.8),通过X射线衍射(XRD)仪,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电化学测试等检测手段表征了所得样品的晶体结构与电化学性能,研究了不同组分下富锂材料的结构与电化学性能.结果表明:Li2MnO3组分含量较高时,材料的首次放电容量较高,但循环稳定性较差;该组分含量较少时,所得样品中出现尖晶石杂相,且放电容量较低,但循环稳定性较好;综合来看,x=0.5时材料的电化学性能最优.x=0.4,0.6时材料也表现出了较好的电化学性能,值得关注. 相似文献
11.
锰源对燃烧法制备5V级正极材料LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以硝酸锰和醋酸锰,采用蔗糖燃烧法制备锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4通过XRD、SEM、粒径分布测试、循环伏安、恒流充放电测试以及交流阻抗等方法,研究了醋酸锰和硝酸锰对产物的结构、形貌、粒径及电化学性能的影响。XRD测试结果表明样品的结构都为立方尖晶石型,属于Fd3m空间群。不同的锰源对材料的粒径及粒径分布有很大的影响。以醋酸锰为原料制得的材料的粒径较小并且分布更均匀,有利于锂离子的脱出和嵌入从而提高电化学性能。以醋酸锰为锰源制得的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4在3.6~5.2 V的充放电电压范围内的电化学性能更好,1C(1C=140.0 mA.g-1)倍率的首次放电容量为144.5 mAh.g-1,循环100周后容量保持率为96%,在3C,5C,10C以及20C的放电容量分别为136.3,132.0,124.7以及96.6 mAh.g-1。 相似文献
12.
MnxNi0:5-xZn0:5Fe2O4 nanorods were successfully synthesized by the thermal treatment of rod-like precursors that were fabricated by the co-precipitation of Mn2+, Ni2+, and Fe2+ in the lye. The phase, morphology, and particle diameter were examined by the X-ray diffrac-tion and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of the samples were stud-ied using a vibrating sample magnetometer. The results indicated that pure Ni0:5Zn0:5Fe2O4 nanorods with a diameter of 35 nm and an aspect ratio of 15 were prepared. It was found that the diameter of the MnxNi0:5-xZn0:5Fe2O4 (0≤x≤0.5) samples increased, the length and the aspect ratio decreased, with an increase in x value. When x=0.5, the diameter and the aspect ratio of the sample reached up to 50 nm and 7~8, respectively. The coercivity of the samples first increased and then decreased with the increase in the x value. The coer-civity of the samples again increased when the x value was higher than 0.4. When x=0.5,the coercivity of the MnxNi0:5-xZn0:5Fe2O4 sample reached the maximal value (134.3 Oe)at the calcination temperature of 600 oC. The saturation magnetization of the samples first increased and then decreased with the increase in the x value. When x=0.2, the satura-tion magnetization of the sample reached the maximal value (68.5 emu/g) at the calcination temperature of 800 oC. 相似文献
13.
Xiao Yang Youyuan Huang Henghui Zhou Jitao Chen Xinxiang Zhang 《Frontiers of Chemistry in China》2008,3(1):64-69
LiCo0.2Ni0.4Mn0.4O2, as the cathode material for lithium ion batteries, was modified by TiO2-coating. The effect of TiO2-coating on the structure and electrochemical performance of LiCo0.2Ni0.4Mn0.4O2 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),
and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests. The results suggest that a small amount of TiO2-coating does not change the crystalline structure, but considerably improves the electrochemical performance of LiCo0.2Ni0.4Mn0.4O2 in terms of capacity delivery and cyclability. XPS measurements confirm that the improved electrochemical performance is
most possibly attributed to a decrease in interaction between the layered material and non-aqueous electrolyte during the
charge-discharge processes.
__________
Translated from Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2007, 23(5): 753–758 [译自: 无机化学学报] 相似文献
14.
分别以四水磷酸铁(FePO4·4H2O)和二水草酸亚铁(FeC2O4·2H2O)为铁源,采用简单便捷的流变相法制备了碳包覆LiFe0.5Co0.5PO4固溶体材料(LiFe0.5Co0.5PO4/C,简称为LFCP/C)。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、恒流充放电等测试手段对复合材料的物相、形貌结构和电化学性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明,2种铁源得到的材料均为橄榄石晶型结构且结晶度良好,二者在颗粒尺寸分布、碳包覆效果和电化学性能方面具有显著的差别。用作锂离子电池正极材料时,以FeC2O4·2H2O为原料得到的LFCP/C具有更优异的电性能:在2.5~5.0 V电压范围内,0.1C倍率下(1C=150 mA·g-1),放电比容量为137.5 mAh·g-1,在10C仍具有57.6 mAh·g-1的放电比容量;0.5C循环100次后容量仍保持78.1%。该样品更佳的电化学性能主要得益于其更小的平均颗粒尺寸,更高的比表面积和理想的碳包覆效果。 相似文献
15.
采用低温燃烧法制备出不同稀土元素掺杂的高电压镍锰酸锂(LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4)正极材料,探究了不同掺杂比例(物质的量分数0.5%、1%、2%)和不同掺杂稀土元素(La、Ce、Yb)对样品性能的影响,并通过X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、电子顺磁共振和恒电流间歇滴定等技术探究了其影响机理。从X射线衍射图可以看出,稀土掺杂可以抑制Li_xNi_(1-x)O杂质相的产生;电感耦合等离子谱结果表明,掺杂进入的稀土元素与设计比例基本相符;从拉曼光谱图可以看出,稀土元素可以使样品的有序相增多,其中Ce掺杂样品的有序相最多;结合电子顺磁共振波谱氧空位测试,发现Ce掺杂诱导了样品中有序相比例增加,从而使样品的稳定性提高;经恒电流间歇滴定技术测试发现,Ce掺杂镍锰酸锂样品的扩散系数比未掺杂样品高了约15倍;在不同掺杂比例上,1%掺杂量时样品性能最佳。在3种最佳掺杂量的稀土元素样品中,Ce掺杂的样品性能最优,首次放电比容量可以达到133.3mAh·g~(-1),比未掺杂样品放电比容量高且首次效率提高了 18%,在1C下循环200次后,容量保持率为102%,比未掺杂样品提高了 8%。 相似文献
16.
M. Retuerto M.J. Martínez-Lope M.T. Fernández-Díaz 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2011,184(9):2428-2433
The title compounds have been synthesized by a citrate technique followed by thermal treatments in air (BiFe0.5Mn1.5O5) or under high oxygen pressure conditions (BiFeMnO5), and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), neutron powder diffraction (NPD) and magnetization measurements. The crystal structures have been refined from NPD data in the space group Pbam at 295 K. These phases are isostructural with RMn2O5 oxides (R=rare earths) and contain infinite chains of Mn4+O6 octahedra sharing edges, linked together by (Fe,Mn)3+O5 pyramids and BiO8 units. These units are strongly distorted with respect to those observed in other RFeMnO5 compounds, due to the presence of the electronic lone pair on Bi3+. It is noteworthy the certain level of antisite disorder exhibited in both samples, where the octahedral positions are partially occupied by Fe cations, and vice versa. BiFexMn2−xO5 (x=0.5, 1.0) are short-range magnetically ordered below 20 K for x=0.5 and at 40 K for x=1.0. The main magnetic interactions seem to be antiferromagnetic (AFM); however, the presence of a small hysteresis in the magnetization cycles indicates the presence of some weak ferromagnetic (FM) interactions. 相似文献
17.
Cathode materials Li[CoxMn1−x]O2 for lithium secondary batteries have been prepared by a new route—precursor method of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). In situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS) were used to monitor the structural transformation during the reaction of CoMn LDHs and LiOH·H2O: firstly the layered structure of LDHs transformed to an intermediate phase with spinel structure; then the distortion of the structure occurred with the intercalation of Li+ into the lattice, resulting in the formation of layered Li[CoxMn1−x]O2 with α-NaFeO2 structure. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data showed that the Co-O bonding length and the coordination number of Co were close to those of Mn in Li[CoxMn1−x]O2, which indicates that the local environments of the transitional metals are rather similar. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to measure the oxidation state of Co and Mn. The influences of Co/Mn ratio on both the structure and electrochemical property of Li[CoxMn1−x]O2 have been investigated by XRD and electrochemical tests. It has been found that the products synthesized by the precursor method demonstrated a rather stable cycling behavior, with a reversible capacity of 122.5 mAh g−1 for the layered material Li[Co0.80Mn0.20]O2. 相似文献
18.
Ivan V. Ogorodnyk Igor V. Zatovsky Vyacheslav N. Baumer 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2006,179(11):3461-3466
New complex phosphates of the general formula K2M0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (M=Mn, Co) have been obtained from the melting mixture of KPO3, K4P2O7, TiO2 and CoCO3·mCo(OH)2 or Mn(H2PO4)2 by means of a flux technique. The synthesized phosphates have been characterized by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the FTIR-spectroscopy. The compounds crystallize in the cubic system with the space group P213 and cell parameters a=9.9030(14) Å for K2Mn0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 and a=9.8445(12) Å for K2Co0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3. Both phosphates are isostructural with the langbeinite mineral and contain four formula unit K2M0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 per unit cell. The structure can be described using [M2(PO4)3] framework composed of two [MO6] octahedra interlinked via three [PO4] tetrahedra. The Curie-Weiss-type behavior is observed in the magnetic susceptibility. 相似文献
19.
基于LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4的5 V电池尚未实现实际应用,解决这一问题的关键在于电解液调控和电极界面优化。我们系统性研究了三(三甲基硅烷)硼酸酯(TMSB)和三(三甲基硅烷)亚磷酸酯(TMSPi)作为常规碳酸乙烯酯(EC)-LiPF6基电解液添加剂在LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4电池体系中的应用。结合理论计算、物理化学表征以及电化学手段分析了三(三甲基硅烷)类添加剂在高压电解液中的作用机制。研究发现,TMSB和TMSPi均可以通过优化电极/电解液界面来提高LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4循环稳定性和库仑效率。TMSB中缺电子B可与阴离子相互作用,稳定PF6-,抑制LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极阻抗的持续增加。TMSPi具有更高的最高占据分子轨道(HOMO)能级,可在更低电位下钝化高压正极,提高LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4放电电压平台和放电容量。此外,TMSPi还可通过亲核反应参与石墨界面组分优化,改善负极循环性能。石墨LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4软包电池在含1% TMSPi电解液中1C循环100次后的容量保持率为88.9%,优于基础电解液(60.5%)和含1% TMSB的电解液(77.4%)。 相似文献
20.
The present investigation reports on the novel synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles using thermal decomposition and their physicochemical characterization. The Mn3O4 nanoparticle powder has been prepared using [bis(salicylidiminato)manganese(II)] as a precursor. The effect of oleyl amine and triphenylphosphine on the particle morphology has been investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrated Mn3O4 nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 25 nm. The structural study by X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates that these nanoparticles have a pure tetragonal phase. The phase pure samples were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for both Mn 2p and Mn 3s levels. The values of binding energies are consistent with related values reported in the literature. 相似文献