人参与微量元素

概述了人参的微量元素研究近况，人参中含有Li、Na、K等44种无机元素，特别是含有14种人体必需微量元素中的Fe、Zn、Se等13种，人参的药理活动与它的Ge含量有关。其含量比其它中药部高，吉林人参各部位Se总平均与果肉中含量分别为富Se抗菌中药黄芪的1.2和2.4倍，大量研究结果提示，人参类补益药的广泛临床功用与微量元素的作用密切相关。     

川稻中铜铁锌锰四种微量元素的研究

四川是我国农业大省之一，水稻居其粮食作物的首位。而微量元素对生命有着重要的意义。本文对四川省稻米中铜、铁、锌、锰四种微量元素进行了分析研究，探索了它们大致的含量范围和糙米、精米及谷壳中微量元素含量的差异，证实了稻谷产量与以上四种微量元素总量间以及大米品质与铜、锌含量间呈正相关关系，也表明了大米中微量元素含量与土壤环境的正相关性。     

八角科植物中微量元素的测定与研究

用等离子体发射光谱仪测定了十二种八角科植物果皮及三种树皮中的元素含量，并对微量元素的含量进行了比较，及对入角科植物所含微量元素进行较系统的研究。     

抚州秀谷茶场茶叶中微量元素分析

对抚州地区秀茶场产的茶叶进行了微量元素测定，提供了五种茶的微量元素谱，同时还对比了秀谷茶场产茶和英德红茶中的微量元素含量的差异。     

脱水蔬菜中的微量元素分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法对脱水前后蔬菜中１４种微量元素进行了分析测定。结果表明，脱水加工处理对蔬菜中Ｓｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｌｉ的损失影响较大，对其他多种微量元素影响。但加工处理方法不一，微量元素含量不一。采用标准加入法对分析方法进行考察，回收率为９６．３－１０６．７％，结果满意。     

再生障碍性贫血患者中药治疗前后微量元素变化初步观察

对20例再生障碍性贫血患者（以下简称再障）头发中12种微量元素的含量进行测定，与正常人做对照，结果发现，阴虚型患者锂、钙、锶、铬显著减少，阴虚型患者锌、镁、钡、钙、锂明显下降，阴阳俱虚型患者则12种元素均减少，并对本院治疗再障贫血的24味中药的微量元素的含量也进行测定。结合微量元素变化对指导再障的辩证组方和辩证施治提供新的思路，同时系统观察再障贫血10例治疗前后微量元素的变化情况，从微量元素角度探求再障的发症因素，认为与部分微量元素缺乏有关，补充相关的微量元素，再障患者可恢复健康。     

原子吸收法分析中成药中的无机微量元素

分别采用火焰原子吸收法和石墨炉原子吸收法分析了江西省产12种中成药中22种无机微量元素的含量，并对所含的无机微量元素及其效用进行了初探，说明了中成药的功效与其所含的无机微量元素有一定联系。     

必需微量元素与人体健康

人的躯体与各内脏都是由多种化学元素组成的，人体现已检出81种元素，其中有14种是人体必需微量元素。微量元素与人体健康密切相关。本文阐述了必需微量元素在人体内的生理功能，同时简述了必需微量元素的来源、微量元素间的相互作用以及必需微量元素缺乏或过量对人体产生的影响。     

瓯柑中微量元素的测定

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)，对瓯柑籽、果皮、果肉汁中10种微量元素进行了测定。结果表明，瓯柑籽、果皮、果肉汁中含有丰富的人体必需微量元素，且瓯柑籽、果皮中的微量元素含量普遍高于肉汁中的微量元素的含量，这为瓯柑药效功能的进一步研究和资源综合开发利用提供科学依据。     

传统藏药材波棱瓜的微量元素分析

对传统藏药材波棱瓜中12种微量元素进行了分析。结果显示，在波棱瓜中人体必需微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Co、Ni、Cr、Se等含量较高；对西藏地区不同产地的波棱瓜中的微量元素含量作比较，有极显著差异。提示在选用药材时，应重视其产地。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.