A Highly Selective Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Biological Samples Thiol and Its Application in Living Cells

Probe 1 was designed and synthesized as a new fluorescent molecular probe for thiols in PBS buffer at physiological condition. This fluorescent molecular probe consists of a thiol reaction moiety bound to a coumarin fluorophore. Its fluorescence quantum yield is low, but a drastic enhancement of fluorescence intensity was observed in the presence of thiols. Possible interference with other analytes was examined. Probe 1 displays a highly selective fluorescent enhancement with thiols, and the probe was successfully applied to thiols determination in intracellular, in human urine and blood samples.     

用适配体修饰纳米金做共振瑞利散射光谱探针检测妥布霉素

用硼氢化钠还原氯金酸制备了金纳米粒子(GN),用妥布霉素适配体(Apt)修饰GN可获得较稳定的Apt-GN探针。在pH 6.8 Na₂HPO₄-NaH₂PO₄(PBS)缓冲液及NaCl存在下,Apt-GN探针稳定而不聚集;当有妥布霉素(Tbc)存在时,它与Apt-GN探针中的Apt特异性结合并释放出纳米金,纳米金在NaCl作用下聚集,导致体系在368 nm处的共振瑞利散射光增强。在选定实验条件下,368 nm处的共振散射峰强度的增大值ΔI与抗生素妥布霉素(Tbc)浓度在1.9～58.3 ng·mL-1范围内呈良好线性关系,其线性回归方程为ΔI=35.3c-23,检出限为0.8 ng·mL-1 妥布霉素。分别对10.0,20.0和30.0 ng·mL-1 Tbc平行测定5次,求得其相对标准偏差分别为6.8%,5.0%和4.4%。考察了共存离子对测定38.9 ng·mL-1 妥布霉素的干扰情况。结果表明,当相对误差在±10%以内,80倍Zn2+;40倍L-谷氨酸,Cu2+,Mg2+,Ca2+;20倍葡萄糖、盐酸土霉素;10倍L-苯丙氨酸、甘氨酸;2倍L-天冬氨酸;6倍HSA和BSA不干扰测定。这说明本方法具有较好的选择性。该法用于分析测定妥布霉素滴眼液中的妥布霉素含量,结果令人满意,相对标准偏差在6.5%～7.6%之间,回收率在95.0%～107%之间。     

DSAZn与槲皮素的配位结合及对槲皮素的高灵敏度检测

槲皮素为天然黄酮类化合物,可用于高血压、高血脂、心血管疾病、癌症等的预防和治疗;槲皮素的定量检测在生物化学、临床医学等领域尤为重要。利用分子荧光物质(DSAZn)的聚集诱导发光现象(AIE),通过配位作用识别靶标分子槲皮素,结合激发态电子转移原理,提出了一种AIE型荧光分子对槲皮素的高灵敏度、高选择性检测方法。实验研究了pH 7.0的PBS缓冲液中DSAZn的荧光随着五种药物分子（槲皮素、淫羊藿素、异鼠李素、芦丁、多巴胺）加入后的变化情况。采用荧光分光光度计,以415 nm为激发波长,扫描435~680 nm的荧光发射光谱。采用紫外分光光度计,扫描DSAZn 250~750 nm的紫外吸收光谱。紫外检测表明中药分子槲皮素可以与AIE荧光探针形成复合物,因此加入槲皮素后AIE探针的荧光被静态猝灭。荧光检测表明五种药物分子对荧光探针的猝灭强弱有明显差异,槲皮素与DSAZn结合常数为1.34×107 L·mol-1,比其他四种药物分子和DSAZn的结合常数高出一个数量级,显示出DSAZn对槲皮素具有较好的选择性。槲皮素的检测限为3.07 nmol·L-1,低于诸多文献已报道的参考值,表明DSAZn对槲皮素的识别具有较高的灵敏度。由荧光滴定光谱和荧光滴定曲线得到槲皮素对DSAZn的滴定方程为：y=0.013 4x-0.294 82,槲皮素浓度在0~5 μmol·L-1范围内线性关系良好,线性相关系数r=0.994 3。由此构建出一种AIE型荧光分子对槲皮素的高选择性、高灵敏度检测方法,该方法操作简便、重复性好,为具有相似结构药物的检测提供了新的研究思路。     

Sonodynamic effects of protoporphyrin IX disodium salt on Ehrlich ascetic tumor cells

The cytotoxic effect of protoporphyrin IX disodium salt (PPIX) on isolated Ehrlich ascetic tumor (EAT) cells induced by ultrasound exposure was investigated. Tumor cells suspended in air-saturated phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 7.2) were exposed to ultrasound at 2.2 MHz for up to 60 s in the presence and absence of PPIX. The viability of cells was determined by a trypan blue exclusion test. The morphological changes of cells in SDT were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). And the sub-cellular localization of PPIX in EAT cells was detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The ultrasonically-induced cell damage increased as PPIX concentration increased, while no cell damage was observed with PPIX alone. CLSM observation revealed that the fluorescence of PPIX and rhodamine 123 (mitochondrial probe) overlapped very well in the cytoplasm. The results indicate that PPIX could enhance the ultrasonically-induced cell damage and mitochondria may play an important role during sonodynamically induced cytotoxicity.     

Influence of intramolecular hydrogen bond formation sites on fluorescence mechanism

The fluorescence mechanism of HBT-HBZ is investigated in this work. A fluorescent probe is used to detect HClO content in living cells and tap water, and its structure after oxidation by HClO (HBT-ClO) is discussed based on the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). At the same time, the influence of the probe conformation and the proton transfer site within the excited state molecule on the fluorescence mechanism are revealed. Combined with infrared vibrational spectra and atoms-in-molecules theory, the strength of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in HBT-HBZ and HBT-ClO and their isomers are demonstrated qualitatively. The relationship between the strength of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and dipole moments is discussed. The potential energy curves demonstrate the feasibility of intramolecular proton transfer. The weak fluorescence phenomenon of HBT-HBZ in solution is quantitatively explained by analyzing the frontier molecular orbital and hole electron caused by charge separation. Moreover, when strong cyan fluorescence occurs in solution, the corresponding molecular structure should be HBT-ClO(T). The influence of the intramolecular hydrogen bond formation site on the molecule as a whole is also investigated by electrostatic potential analysis.     

High-throughput screening for biomedical applications in a Ti-Zr-Nb alloy system through masking co-sputtering

A method of co-sputtering deposition combined with physical masking was applied to the parallel preparation of a ternary Ti-NbZr system alloy. Sixteen independent specimens with varying compositions were obtained. Their microstructure, phase structure,Young's modulus, nanoindentation hardness, and electrochemical behavior in a phosphate buffer solution(PBS) were studied in detail. It was revealed that the Ti-Zr-Nb alloys possess a single BCC structure. As confirmed via nanoindentation tests, the Young's modulus of the specimens ranged from 80.3 to 94.8 GPa and the nanoindentation hardness ranged from 3.6 to 5.0 GPa.By optimizing the composition of the specimens, the Ti_(34)Zr_(52)Nb_(14) alloy was made to possess the lowest modulus in this work(76.5 GPa). Moreover, the Ti_(34)Zr_(52)Nb_(14) alloy showed excellent corrosion resistance in PBS without any tendency for pitting at anodic potentials up to 1 Vsce. These preliminary advantages offer the opportunity to explore new orthopedic implant alloys based on Ti-Zr-Nb alloys. Moreover, this work provides an effective method for the parallel preparation of biomedical alloys.     

新的光散射体系测定蛋白质的研究

以1,6-己二胺二吖啶为荧光探针,建立了一种新的蛋白质共振散射检测体系。实验考察了该吖啶荧光探针的共振散射特征光谱、散射反应稳定性,研究了缓冲介质pH、探针浓度等参数对测定蛋白质的影响。结果表明,当pH 8.9时,1,6-己二胺二吖啶染料的散射波长为470 nm;加入BSA,反应约9 min后,体系光散射强度达到最大并维持稳定,2 h内无明显变化。当1,6-己二胺二吖啶探针(浓度1.00×10-4mol·L-1)用量为3.00 mL时,蛋白质与1,6-己二胺二吖啶的光散射增强作用显著,共振散射强度随着BSA的增加而明显增强,光散射强度与蛋白质浓度成良好线性关系,线性浓度范围为1.00～5.00 μg·mL-1,检测限(3σ/K)为0.085 μg·mL-1。测定了血清样品,浓度为2.00～4.00 μg·mL-1,回收率为98.0%～101.7%,测定偏差小于1.7％。     

甲苯胺蓝荧光猝灭法测定核酸

以甲苯胺蓝为荧光探针,基于DNA对甲苯胺蓝的荧光猝灭作用,建立了一种定量测定DNA的新方法。在pH 8.5的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,测定小牛胸腺DNA的线性范围为0.1～6.0 μg·mL-1,检测限为27 ng·mL-1。该方法应用于实际样品樟树嫩叶中的DNA含量的测定,获得了满意结果。     

磷酸钾缓冲溶液与模型细胞膜相互作用的和频光谱

利用和频光谱技术详细研究了磷酸钾缓冲溶液与带负电荷的生物仿生膜(d₅₄-DMPG磷脂双层膜)相互作用的实时过程．通过监控CD₂、CD₃、磷脂分子头部的磷酸根以及羰基官能团的光谱信号随加入磷酸钾缓冲溶液的实时变化,获得了磷脂双层膜分子结构的动力学变化．结果表明K⁺能够结合到细胞膜上,并且很快地引起了CD₂、CD₃、磷脂头部磷酸根以及羰基官能团信号的变化．根据各官能团的和频信号响应,磷酸钾缓冲溶液很可能是通过在双层膜中形成环形气孔来与磷脂双层膜发生作用．该结果可以很好地解释磷酸钾缓冲溶液环境下的离子协助蛋白质的跨膜过程．     

悬浮液进样-原子吸收法测定中药材中铜、锌、铁

本文提出了一种悬浮液进样－火焰原子吸收法测定中药材－－怀药（怀山药、怀牛膝、怀菊花）的新方法。并成功地进行了Cu,Zn,Fe的测定。将粉碎后的怀药悬浮于琼脂胶体中制成悬浮液，对悬浮剂的选择及化不干扰的消除进行了考察。将试液喷入空气－乙炔火焰中，用标准加入法测定，结果与HNO3＋H2SO4＋HClO4处理法一致。t检验结果表明：两种样品处理方法之间无显著性差异，可以采用悬浮液进样法取代HNO3＋H2SO4＋HClO4处理法，该方法快速简便、安全，有效，结果令人满意。     

Novel Fluorophores as Building Blocks for Optical Probes for In Vivo Near Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) Imaging

Aiming at the identification of new fluorescent reporters for targeted optical probes, we assessed the application-relevant features of a novel asymmetric cyanine, DY-681, in comparison to the only clinically approved dye indocyanine green (ICG), the golden imaging standard Cy5.5, and the asymmetric cyanine DY-676 successfully exploited by us for the design of different contrast agents. This comparison included the analysis of the spectroscopic properties of the free fluorophores and their thermal stability in aqueous solution as well as their cytotoxic potential. In addition, the absorption and emission features of IgG-conjugated DY-681 were examined. The trimethine DY-681 exhibited spectral features closely resembling that of the pentamethine Cy5.5. Its high thermal stability in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution in conjunction with its low cytotoxicity, reaching similar values as determined for Cy5.5 and DY-676, renders this dye more attractive as ICG and, due to its improved fluorescence quantum yield in PBS, also superior to DY-676. Although in PBS, Cy5.5 was still more fluorescent, the fluorescence quantum yields (Φ _f) of DY-681 and Cy5.5 in PBS containing 5 mass-% bovine serum albumin (BSA) were comparable. Labeling experiments with DY-681 and the model antibody IgG revealed promisingly high Φ _f values of the bioconjugated dye.     

单(6-对氨基苯甲酸-6-脱氧)-β-环糊精的合成及其对Cr(Ⅵ)的荧光识别

合成了新型荧光探针单(6-对氨基苯甲酸-6-脱氧)-β-环糊精(ACD)。探讨了与Cr2O27-的识别反应。在pH4·90的NaAc-HAc缓冲溶液中,Cr2O72-能使ACD的荧光猝灭,据此建立了测定Cr(Ⅵ)的新方法,在最优化实验条件下,线性范围为5·20~1040μg·L-1,检出限1·26μg·L-1。22种常见离子干扰实验结果表明该试剂对Cr2O72-有较高的选择性识别效果。此法用于电镀液、电镀废液中痕量Cr(Ⅵ)的测定,结果令人满意。     

CdTe量子点荧光猝灭法测定微量铅

以CdTe量子点作为荧光探针,基于荧光猝灭法对铅进行了定量检测,考察了缓冲溶液体系、量子点浓度、反应时间等多种因素的影响。实验结果表明,在pH 7.5的0.2mol/L Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4缓冲液中,反应时间为10min,铅浓度为2.0×10-6—3.5×10-5mol/L范围时,其线性回归方程为ΔF=26.35+11.47C(×10-6mol/L),相关系数和检出限分别为0.9991和1.8×10-8mol/L。该方法灵敏度高,为铅的测定提供了新的方法。     

适配体修饰金硒纳米合金共振散射光谱法检测痕量Hg2+

用硼氢化钠还原法制备了金硒(AuSe)纳米合金.用单链核酸适配体(aptamer)修饰AuSe纳米合金制备了汞离子的核酸适配体纳米探针(Apta-AuSe).在pH 6.8 Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4缓冲溶液中及NaCl存在下,Apta-AuSe纳米探针亦不聚集;当Hg2+存在时,它可以稳定aptamer序列中的T...     

一种用于水中次氯酸根检测的高选择性裸眼比色探针

实时检测和监测水中的次氯酸根离子（ClO-）是极富挑战性的研究工作。报道了一种光学性能优异、“裸眼”可分辨的比色型探针分子（PAH）。首先利用高分辨质谱,核磁共振氢谱和核磁共振碳谱等方法对目标探针分子（PAH）的结构进行表征。随后,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱考察了不同pH缓冲溶液条件下探针PAH与次氯酸根离子的相互作用。结果显示,水溶性的探针分子PAH在pH值为2.0~5.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中为黄色溶液,其最大吸收峰在424 nm处;在pH值为6.0~12.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中PAH为紫色溶液,最大吸收峰在532 nm处;在不同pH缓冲液体系中分别加入次氯酸根离子,肉眼可观察PAH溶液颜色褪去,紫外-可见吸收光谱显示在424 nm处的特征吸收峰逐渐降低并在532 nm处出现新的吸收峰,溶液颜色从黄色到紫色然后到无色,特征峰明显消失。进一步优化了实验条件,发现在pH 5.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中,探针分子PAH对ClO-离子具有特定的选择性和灵敏度,并且具有较低检出限等优点;在优化的条件下,探究了常见的金属离子、阴离子等共存条件下,对探针分子PAH检测次氯酸根离子的干扰影响。实验发现,常见的金属离子（Li+,Co2+,Cr3+,K+,Cd2+,Pb2+,Ca2+,Hg2+,Ba2+,Cu2+,Mg2+,Ni2+,Zn2+,Al3+和Fe3+）,阴离子（NO-₂,I-,AcO-,ClO-₄,SO2-₄,CN-,Br-,CO2-₃和F-）,活性氧（ROO·,·OH,H₂O₂,·O-₂,tBuOOH,tBuO·和1O₂）,和活性氮（ONOO-和NO·）等33种物质对探针分子检测ClO-离子的干扰较小。同时,探针PAH可以定量检测次氯酸根离子（y=1.586 78-0.524 51x,R2=0.998 52）,检出限为5.39 μmol·L-1。此外,对水体系（84消毒剂和自来水）中的次氯酸根离子浓度进行分析,三次平行试验测得自来水中次氯酸根离子的平均浓度为7.96 μmol·L-1,平均加标回收率高,表明探针PAH还可用于定量检测实际水体系中的次氯酸根离子。     

A New bis(rhodamine)-Based Fluorescent Chemosensor for Fe<Superscript>3+</Superscript>

A new bis(rhodamine)-based fluorescent probe 4 was synthesized, and it exhibited high selectivity for Fe(3+) over other commonly coexistent metal ions in both 50% ethanol and Tris-HCl buffer. Upon the addition of Fe(3+), the spirocyclic ring of 4 was opened and a significant enhancement of visible color and fluorescence in the range of 500-600 nm was observed.     

A Comparative Study on In vitro Degradation Behaviors of Poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) Scaffolds and Films

In vitro degradation behaviors of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and films made from amorphous poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (85/15) were systematically investigated up to 12 weeks in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution at 37°C. The following properties of the scaffolds and films were compared as a function of degradation time: pH value of PBS, water uptake, weight, molecular mass and its distribution, and morphology. The results show that the films degraded much faster than the scaffolds. The film's degradation was heterogenous due to the increased concentration of the acidic degradation products inside. However, owing to much thinner pore walls, heterogenous degradation due to the autocatalytic effect was not observed in the scaffolds.     

新型罗丹明酰胺杯芳烃-Sb~(3+)配合物探针对钙离子的响应

合成了一种罗丹明B酰胺-氧杂杯芳烃衍生物1。在以Tris-HCl作为缓冲体系的乙腈溶液(pH7.0)中,化合物1本身无色且无荧光,加入Sb3+后,1的螺环结构打开,观察到显著的荧光增强和颜色变红。再加入Ca2+则导致1-Sb3+配合物的荧光猝灭及红色消失。在此条件下,其他共存离子没有明显响应。因此1-Sb3+配合物可作为检测Ca2+的超分子荧光和比色化学传感器。     

A Novel Fluorescent Probe for the Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Palladium in Aqueous Medium

Based on the Pd⁰-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost allylic oxidative insertion reaction, we developed a fluorescent probe PdL1 for sensing Pd⁰. As expected, probe PdL1 exhibited high selectivity and excellent sensitivity in both absorbance and fluorescence detection of Pd⁰ in CH₃CH₂OH/PBS (10 mM, pH = 7.4, 6:4, v/v) solution. The detection limit was calculated to be as low as 15 nM, which can meet the selective requirements for practical application.     

螺纹边界法对圆柱超声缓冲杆尾随脉冲干扰的抑制*

对于高温管道壁厚的超声波在线监测,需要超声波探头与缓冲杆搭配使用,以降低探头的接触温度。超声波在圆柱形缓冲杆的边界会发生波型转换,在缓冲杆的第一次和第二次底面回波之间产生等间隔的尾随脉冲干扰,影响管道内壁回波的识别与提取。该文创新性地采用螺纹边界法改变缓冲杆的边界特征以抑制尾随脉冲干扰,经实验验证螺纹边界法对尾随脉冲干扰有较好的抑制效果;不同螺纹螺距的实验对比表明,对于直径为20 mm的钢材料圆柱缓冲杆,在1 mm、2 mm和3 mm三种螺距中,螺距为2 mm的螺纹边界对5 MHz超声波的尾随脉冲干扰的抑制效果最强。