基于ARINC818机载音视频的测试方案设计

某型飞机在试飞测试任务过程中,需要对多路机载音视频进行抽引、采集、记录与遥测,用于飞机实时动态监控与事后回放分析。该型飞机的显控数据采用ARINC818(又名航空电子视频总线Avionics Digital Video Bus)专用图像传输协议进行光纤视频传输,对ARINC818总线视频的抽引采集在试飞任务中为首次。由于目前机载采集系统的限制,本文设计了一种基于ARINC818的机载测试系统,满足了该型飞机多通道、高分辨率、多视频格式的信号采集记录。     

基于AD698的线性差动式位移传感器解码电路设计

线性差动式位移传感器(LVDT)由于其灵敏度高、线性度好、分辨率高、寿命长、可靠性高等优点,已广泛应用于机载测试系统中;为了设计出精度高,稳定性好,能够满足机载测试需求的LVDT传感器解码电路,分析了LVDT传感器磁芯位移与输出电压信号的关系,研究了AD698的内部解调原理,设计出了基于AD698的信号解码电路;该电路通过外围元器件产生传感器所需的激励信号,并对激励信号和传感器输出信号进行解调得到与传感器磁芯位移成正比的直流电压;最后通过实验验证该电路具有结构简单、稳定性高、精度高的优点,能够满足机载测试的要求,且该电路已经过高低温和振动试验,并成功应用于机载测试采集系统中。     

基于DM8168的小型机载视频记录仪设计

针对飞行器搭载相机视频存储和传输的需求,设计了一种基于异构多核处理器DM8168的小型机载视频记录仪。首先,基于DM8168和FPGA处理器设计小型化低功耗的硬件系统;接着,基于McFW软件架构设计视频采集编码的数据流,充分发挥DM8168多核体系结构的优势,实现两路1080P60视频的采集,并且对每路视频分别进行主次码流的H.264编码;最后,采用GPMC总线,将视频码流传输到FPGA处理器,以实现本地视频存储和远程视频传输。本记录仪体积小功耗低、记录时间长、视频传输时延小,能够很好地满足飞行器多路视频记录的需求。     

AFDX终端测试技术的研究与实现

AFDX(航空电子全双工切换以太网)作为大型客机和运输机上的主流机载通信网络,其应用越来越广泛,对AFDX网络及设备的测试需求也必将与日俱增;针对这一需求,提出了一种AFDX终端测试技术的实现方法;该方案使用大规模FPGA和高性能嵌入式处理器,实现了一个AFDX终端系统及终端测试功能;应用结果表明其较好地满足了航空电子网络数据传输的实时性和可靠性需求,并能对AFDX网络的功能和主要性能指标进行测试;该测试终端具备最大128个虚拟链路、1~128 ms带宽分配间隙,可进行协议解码分析、故障注入与检测、误码率测试以及IRIG-B时戳等测试功能。     

高速航电总线数据实时遥测技术研究

为了解决飞行试验中高速航电总线数据实时遥测的测试需求,研究了高速航电总线数据采集及实时遥测的测试技术;面对全新总线架构以及海量实时传输数据,传统的总线测试技术无法满足新的测试需求,设计了高速航电总线数据监听以及遥测传输的测试系统,成功将高速总线数据融合到网络数据采集技术及数字遥测技术中;实际的试验结果表明,该方案能够准确、有效地完成机载高速航电总线数据采集及实时遥测传输,该方案的成功应用,为今后相关的高速总线数据测试提供了重要的参考价值。     

基于Mjpg-streamer的移动视频监控系统设计

为了满足视频监控的需求,设计并实现了一种基于Mjpg-streamer的嵌入式无线网络视频监控系统,以S3C6410作为核心处理器,使用CMOS摄像头OV9650作为视频采集设备,通过无线方式传输经过H.264压缩后的视频数据;重点阐述了在开源视频服务器软件Mjpg-streamer的框架结构下实现视频采集和H.264硬编码过程;最后以Android手机作为视频接收显示终端对系统进行测试,传输视频清晰、流畅,系统稳定、可靠,具有良好的扩展性和易用性。     

一种执行机构等效装置设计

为了满足航天器桌面散态匹配试验测试需求,研制一种基于PC104总线的执行机构等效装置,详细阐述了等效装置的功能、工作原理、硬件电路设计、软件设计思想,该系统采用模块化、可配置软件架构设计,实现了正常、应急多测试工况一体化设计;应用严格的窗口比较器硬件电路设计技术,实现信号电压幅值的高精度采集,确保输入信号的可靠判定;利用FPGA技术突破信号脉宽高精度采集和信号延时高精度可控等关键技术,该系统实现了输入信号幅值、脉宽的实时采集、存储与显示,并按照事先设定的工作模式及配置参数,完成不同测试工况下输出信号的模拟反馈。试验结果表明,系统稳定可靠,人机界面友好,满足航天器多测试工况控制时序和功能检查需求。     

飞机交流电源特性参数测量研究

飞机机载电源系统供电品质直接关系到飞机用电设备可靠工作和飞行安全,为此,2006年国际标准组织推出了新的机载电源标准ISO1540-2006;本文根据该标准要求,提出了一种机载电源的稳态和瞬态特性的测试的实用方法;建立了测量的数学模型;采用虚拟仪器技术,设计硬件测试平台,包括功率因数可调的大功率数字化程控负载和计算机数据采集系统;基于LabVIEW开发了测试软件;为满足暂态特性的测量要求和精度要求,采用了NI高速高精度数据采集卡,实现了较高的测量精度,综合测量误差小于0.5%,并在暂态测量中,考虑了负载接触器吸合时间;该测试系统可以用来检验恒频机载交流电源的特性是否符合国际标准要求,以保证飞行安全。     

便携式多通道数据采集系统设计

在EAST全超导托卡马克核聚变放电实验中,某些信号需要低功耗、便捷的进行独立同步采集与分析;而现有的大型采集系统并不能满足此需求,所以需要设计一套低功耗的、便携式的多通道数据采集系统来保障EAST实验的顺利进行。系统具有界面友好、性能稳定等诸多优点。在LabVIE软件编程环境中,系统能够实现对多达32路信号的同步采集、实时显示、数据存储、数据分析以及历史数据回放等功能。经过实验测试,该系统运行稳定可靠,完全满足EAST实验的数据采集需求。     

高分辨率多光谱数字相机电子学系统的设计

设计了一种基于多光谱技术的机载数字相机电子学系统。它包括时序产生单元、信号处理单元、信号控制单元、数据输出接口单元和数据采集存储单元等几部分。系统具有调光和行频调节功能,用以满足在不同能量状态和不同飞行高度下的成像质量。考虑到机载设备的特殊要求,对其进行了轻量化设计和机载稳定平台设计。它具有实时高速存储和实时采集数据的功能。结果表明,机载数字相机电子学系统的各种功能完全满足设计要求,为实现高分辨率探测提供了保证。     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Muonic and pionic L- and M-series in carbon and oxygen and the pionic 2p level shift and width of oxygen

Muonic and pionic X-rays of the L- and M-series in C and O have been measured with a Si(Li) detector in the energy range between 7 keV and 60 keV. The target consisted of mylar (C₅H₄O₂). Energies and intensities of 21 transitions have been determined. The strong interaction shift of the pionic 2p level in O was measured and found to be +4.1 ±2.3 eV. The measured width of this level is 11±6 eV. The measured yields have been compared with cascade calculations.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Nonlocal potentials and their exact and approximate local and velocity-dependent equivalents

We show that good approximations to the exact equivalent local potential (ELP) and damping factor of a nonlocal Perey-Buck potential can be calculated in the partial wave WKB approximation of Horiuchi. The exact ELP and damping factor are obtained by means of a method previously given by one of us. We also confirm that an approximate ELP proposed by Bauhoff et al. is of comparable accuracy as the Horiuchi approximation. Thesel-dependent ELP's exhibit reduced attraction in the interior and provide a test for higher order WKB approximations. We subsequently obtain an equivalent velocity dependent potential (EVDP) which is even exactly wave function equivalent to the original nonlocal potential. This almost local potential, unlike the trivial equivalent local potential, is smooth and well-behaved and is therefore particularly useful in nuclear reactions where the off-shell behaviour of the potential is important.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.     

Spin and Statistics and First Principles

It was shown in the early seventies that, in Local Quantum Theory (that is the most general formulation of Quantum Field Theory, if we leave out only the unknown scenario of Quantum Gravity) the notion of Statistics can be grounded solely on the local observable quantities (without assuming neither the commutation relations nor even the existence of unobservable charged field operators); one finds that only the well known (para)statistics of Bose/Fermi type are allowed by the key principle of local commutativity of observables. In this frame it was possible to formulate and prove the Spin and Statistics Theorem purely on the basis of First Principles.