Electromagnetic Scattering from One-Dimensional Time-Varying Sea Surface with Gaussian-Like Beam Incidence

A widely used iterative technique named the Method of Ordered Multiple Interactions is given for calculat-ing the Gaussian-like beam scattering from a time-varying sea surface with the Pierson-Moskowitz (P-M) spectrum. Thisis done by solving the magnetic field integral equation for the current induced on an infinite rough surface. Following thediscretization of the integral equation, the unknown currents can be determined more rapidly with the LU decomposition.Numerical results are presented with emphasis on the electromagnetic backscattering at low grazing angle incidence. Itis shown that the backscattering cross section is proportional to the nearly fourth power of the grazing angle for thebackscattering cross section with a different beam waist, surface length, and velocity of the wind are discussed     

Electromagnetic Scattering from One-Dimensional Time-Varying Sea Surface with Gaussian-Like Beam Incidence

A widely used iterative technique named the Method of Ordered Multiple Interactions is given for calculating the Gaussian-like beam scattering from a time-varying sea surface with the Pierson-Moskowitz (P-M) spectrum. This is done by solving the magnetic field integral equation for the current induced on an infinite rough surface. Following the discretization of the integral equation, the unknown currents can be determined more rapidly with the LU decomposition. Numerical results are presented with emphasis on the electromagnetic backscattering at low grazing angle incidence. It is shown that the backscattering cross section is proportional to the nearly fourth power of the grazing angle for the plane and beam incidence. This is consistent with the result given in some references. The angular distributions of the backscattering cross section with a different beam waist, surface length, and velocity of the wind are discussed.     

Splitting the plasmon peak in high-energy reflection electron energy loss experiments

Elastic scattering of energetic electrons over large angles (in this study 40 keV and 120°$120°$) implies momentum and hence energy transfer from an electron to a nucleus. Due to the large mass of the nucleus (relative to the mass of an electron) this energy transfer is small, but it has recently been shown that it can be resolved in a modern spectrometer. Hence the elastic peak of an overlayer/substrate system splits into different components corresponding to atoms with different mass. Here we extend this type of experiment to the plasmon part of a reflection energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) spectrum. It is shown that, for suitable systems, the plasmon peak of an overlayer/substrate system is split by the same amount as the elastic peak. This is a consequence of the fact that detection of an electron in REELS always requires a large-angle elastic scattering event. Moreover, we show that the relative intensity of the plasmon components contains information on the depth distribution of the scatterers.     

Violet Band Excimer Emission of Zn_2 Excited by Relativistic Electron Beam

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Beam normal spin asymmetries: Theory

The beam normal spin asymmetry in elastic electron-nucleon scattering is discussed. This beam normal spin asymmetry depends on the imaginary part of two-photon exchange processes between electron and nucleon, and measures the non-forward structure functions of the nucleon. After briefly reviewing the theoretical formalism, we discuss calculations in the threshold region, in the resonance region, as well as in the diffractive region, corresponding with high energy and forward angles.     

光束在尾流气泡中传输的复散射效应

为了了解光束在尾流气泡中的传输特性,为前向光尾流的探测提供理论依据,研究了光束在尾流中传输时传播方向上和横截面方向上的辐射强度分布特性.基于辐射传输方程的小角度近似解,得到了探测截面上的约化强度和漫射强度的表达式,其中漫射强度表征了复散射的强弱|针对典型的尾流气泡分布,通过数值计算分析了光束传输方向上的约化强度和漫射强度与接收视场角、光学厚度和光束大小的关系,也计算分析了光束横截面方向上的辐射强度随光束大小和横向距离的变化关系.结果表明,光束在尾流气泡中传输时复散射效应明显,且复散射的强弱与接收视场角、光束直径、光学厚度和横向距离密切相关.     

Metal interface formation studied by high-energy reflection energy loss spectroscopy and electron Rutherford backscattering

We demonstrate that high-energy, high-resolution reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy can provide unique insights into interface formation, especially for the case where an extended interface is formed. By changing the geometry and/or electron energy the electronic structure can be probed over a range of thicknesses (from 10s of Å to more than 1000 Å). At the same time one resolves the elastically scattered electrons into different components, corresponding to scattering of atoms with different mass (so-called ‘electron Rutherford backscattering’). Thus these high-energy REELS/elastic scattering experiments obtain information on both the electronic structure and the atomic composition of the overlayer formed.     

CSR实验环电子冷却装置的纵向电子束温度

电子冷却装置中, 电子束纵向温度是计算冷却力的主要参量之一. 当电子与被冷却离子的相对速度很小时, 纵向冷却力与离子速度呈线性关系, 并且线性区域的宽度与电子束纵向温度有关. 通过分析影响电子束纵向温度的主要因素, 得到了兰州重离子冷却储存环实验环(CSRe)电子冷却装置中电子束纵向温度的大小.     

Solving the atmospheric scattering optical transfer function using the multi-coupled single scattering method

The atmospheric scattering optical transfer function （OTF） is solved by applying the multi-coupled single scattering （MCSS） method to the three-dimensional radiative transfer equation （RTE） under the periodic ground condition. This approach is a direct hit to the atmospheric scattering OTF using the same original context of modulation transfer function （MTF） measurement, i.e., images of sinusoidal grating at different spatial frequencies. Both the amplitude and phase shift of the OTF at various zenith and azimuth angles can be obtained at an arbitrary spatial frequency.     

离子组态效应对电子传导不透明度的影响

 基于相对论Hartree-Fock-Slater 自洽场原子结构模型, 考虑电子-离子间的弹性散射机制, 用分波法和扩展的Ziman 公式对电子传导不透明度作了计算。考虑到等离子体离子环境的影响, 不仅引进了等离子体的结构因子, 而且更细致地考虑了等离子体内离子类型 (组态) 对电子传导     

离子组态效应对电子传导不透明度的影响

基于相对论Hartree-Fock-Slater 自洽场原子结构模型, 考虑电子-离子间的弹性散射机制, 用分波法和扩展的Ziman 公式对电子传导不透明度作了计算。考虑到等离子体离子环境的影响, 不仅引进了等离子体的结构因子, 而且更细致地考虑了等离子体内离子类型 (组态) 对电子传导     

光束在尾流气泡中传输的复散射效应

为了了解光束在尾流气泡中的传输特性,为前向光尾流的探测提供理论依据,研究了光束在尾流中传输时传播方向上和横截面方向上的辐射强度分布特性.基于辐射传输方程的小角度近似解,得到了探测截面上的约化强度和漫射强度的表达式,其中漫射强度表征了复散射的强弱;针对典型的尾流气泡分布,通过数值计算分析了光束传输方向上的约化强度和漫射强度与接收视场角、光学厚度和光束大小的关系,也计算分析了光束横截面方向上的辐射强度随光束大小和横向距离的变化关系.结果表明,光束在尾流气泡中传输时复散射效应明显,且复散射的强弱与接收视场角、光束直径、光学厚度和横向距离密切相关.     

Energy transfer in hyperthermal Xe-graphite surface scattering

The scattering of a hyperthermal Xe from a graphite (0001) surface has been studied using a molecular beam-surface scattering technique and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The angular and velocity distributions of scattered Xe atoms were measured at incidence energies from 0.45 to 3.5 eV, three incidence angles of 15°, 35° and 60° and the surface temperatures of 300 K and 550 K. The observed time-of-flight spectra exhibit a sharp velocity distribution with only one velocity component, which is ascribed to the direct inelastic scattering process. The angle-resolved energy ratios of the mean final translational energy over the mean incidence energy E_f/E_i agree well with those predicted based on the assumption of the conservation of the momentum parallel to the surface. The Hard-Cube model, where the mass of the cube is approximately 310 u, has reproduced the angle-resolved flux distributions of scattered Xe atoms. In the Hard-Cube model almost 80% of the normal component of the incidence translational energy is found to be lost in collision. The MD simulations reproduce well the experimental results by using the Brenner potential for intralayer C atoms and a Lennard-Jones potential for interlayer C–C pair interactions.     

C60 adsorption on Cu(110) studied by optical spectroscopy

The formation of the interface between C₆₀ thin films and the Cu(110) surface has been investigated in situ using reflectance difference spectroscopy (RDS). The electronic interaction between C₆₀ molecules in the first monolayer and the substrate inhibits low‐energy intramolecular transitions, whereas the C₆₀ molecules above the first monolayer are effectively decoupled from the substrate. The morphology of C₆₀ thin films prepared at room temperature is thermally stable up to 500 K. Above this threshold, optical spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) indicate the formation of rather large three dimensional C₆₀ islands on a one monolayer thick wetting layer. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

磁场对重电子金属材料CeCu6-xCdx电阻的影响

介绍了重电子金属CeCu6-x_6-xCdx_x（x=010，015，020，0 30，050）在18—300K温度范围内,在磁场(μ0₀H=0，5，10T)下电阻 随温度的变化规律 及低温（19 ，15K）下的磁电阻（μ0₀H=0—10T）.实验表明所有样品在 零场下的Tmax_max（对应于电阻极大值的温度）都低于18K.加磁场后，Tmax _max随磁场和掺杂量 关键词： 重电子系统 低温电阻 近藤散射 相干散射     

基于光学成像的束流截面分布诊断系统

为了准确测量加速器氘离子的束流截面分布,开展了光学成像系统的设计研究。根据截面分布测量的要求,设计了光学成像系统的指标参数。采用光学设计软件ZEMAX进行了光学成像系统的设计,并通过标准白光光源和线对率板对成像效果进行检验。设计和检验的结果表明,该光学成像系统的总体成像质量较好,畸变小于0.05%,在光学分辨率为30 lp/mm的条件下,中心和边缘视场的调制传递函数（MTF）值均大于0.7。将完成设计加工的光学成像系统应用于氘离子束流截面分布测量实验,实验结果初步表明,基于荧光屏的光学方法测量束流截面分布是可行的。     

Study on optical electron polarimeter and measurement of the relative Stokes parameters of weak light

In this paper, we present the research on an optical electron polarimeter, which is used to determine the polarization of an incident electron beam by measuring the relative Stokes parameters of the fluorescence emitted from the He gas following the impact excitation with the electron beam. The fundamental theory of the optical electron polarimeter is discussed with the 3³P→2³S transition of He. The structure and performance of the instrument are described, which are different in some aspects from previous works. The arrangement of the experiment for measuring the relative Stokes parameters of linearly polarized weak light is also investigated, which actually involves the same processes as the polarization measurement with the incident electron beam. The results obtained are in agreement with the theoretical prediction.     

Electron transport in rectangular quantum wells

Experimental results on low-field and high-field electron transport in rectangular quantum wells are reviewed. The related theory is presented and the experimental results are examined in the light of the theory. It is concluded that although some experimental results are available and the theory of transport has been developed, numerical agreement between theory and experiments has not yet been reached. The author felicitates Prof. D S Kothari on his eightieth birthday and dedicates this paper to him on this occasion.     

Modeling of quartz dielectric spectrum in the region of establishing electron polarization processes

We discuss the practical efficiency of simulation of a real frequency characteristic of complex permeability of quartz α-SiO₂ crystals in the frequency range corresponding to establishment of elastic electron polarization. In the calculations, use was made of various formulas for permittivity as well as classical and quantummechanical models of ion shell configuration. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 11, pp. 32–38, November, 2008.