卫星太阳能电池阵破损自动检测系统的研究

介绍了国内首次研制的卫星太阳能电池阵破损自动检测系统的检测原理、系统结构与设计及现场试用结果。系统采用专用照明系统,电池阵列经光学系统清晰成像至CCD传感器上,经信号放大、A/D转换后输入计算机管理和控制系统。图像传感探头自动扫描整块电池板,并由距离传感器控制,始终保持采集图像清晰。利用特有的系统控制和检测软件,处理每幅电池图像信息,检测结果通过列表形式给出损伤电池的位置、破损类型、破损度等参数。现场试验结果表明:该系统的检出率达98.5%以上,检测速度为每分钟20片电池,达到了快速、高精度、自动化检测太阳能电池阵的使用要求。     

粘纤单丝数目自动检测系统的研究

针对化纤企业生产、检测的需要,研制了一种粘纤单丝数目自动检测系统。系统采用环形光源,从周围均匀照明经静电和高速风两次分离的粘纤,再由成像物镜将分离的粘纤清晰成像至高速面阵CCD传感器靶面上,基于Directshow技术自行编制出图像采集程序。利用自主研发的图像处理软件,处理粘纤图像信息,自动计算其单丝的数目,并给出判别结果。在图像处理方面采用分行消包络阈值分割法和连通域跟踪计数法,解决了粘纤计数中的胶丝重叠、分叉等关键技术难题,保证了计数准确率。该系统具有精度高、检测速度快等特点。     

基于独立分量分析和粒子群算法的太阳能电池表面缺陷红外热成像检测

根据红外成像特性及太阳能电池电致发光原理,研究一种基于限制式独立分量分析(ICA)模型和粒子群优化(PSO)方法的太阳能电池组件表面缺陷检测方法。利用太阳能电池红外图像的结构特点,首先设计一种ICA滤波器,并使用具有多方向搜索特性的PSO算法来求解ICA的分离矩阵,求解中加入限制式,使图像正常区域经滤波后有一致的反应值并有效凸显缺陷区域。然后使用ICA滤波器对图像进行旋积运算,最后使用阈值分割得到检测结果。实验结果表明,提出的ICA滤波检测方法对太阳能电池组件表面缺陷检测效果显著,检测精度高,能很好地区分背景和缺陷。     

高分辨高灵敏度 CCD图像传感器驱动时序设计许涛1,张振海1, *,石志国2,张东红3,侯帅1,张亮1,王健1,

在分析面阵CCD图像传感器结构和驱动时序基础上,针对高分辨率高灵敏度ICX694ALG大面阵CCD图像传感器 ,研究其驱动时序发生器。以现场可编程门阵列 ( FPGA) 作为硬件平台 ,通过Verilog HDL硬件描述语言对该驱动时序发生器进行了硬件描述,采用ISE软件进行功能仿真,并针对XILINX公司的可编程逻辑器件XC3S1000进行了硬件适配。仿真测试表明,FPGA驱动时序发生器能够满足高分辨高灵敏ICX694ALG大面阵CCD图像传感器驱动要求,达到了设计要求。     

利用线阵CCD自动测量航空相机镜头的焦距

提出了一种以线阵CCD固态传感器取代读数显微镜的航空相机镜头焦距测量系统。论述了系统的工作原理、软件和硬件的设计及系统的测量误差。结果表明 ,利用线阵固态图像传感器取代读数显微镜 ,把特定物体经透镜成像的大小转换为电信号的脉宽 ,并利用计算机技术自动处理测量数据 ,从根本上克服了用读数显微镜进行测量的缺陷 ,实现了航空相机镜头焦距的实时精确地在线测量     

一种用于大坝混凝土声层析成像用水听器线阵

声层析成像技术可以用图像的方式精确完整地反映层析面上检测体内部质量,是一种有效的无损检测手段。在大坝混凝土的安全隐患检测中发挥着越来越重要的作用,本研究旨在研制成像用的接收声波的水听器线阵,水听器线阵由12个水听器阵元组成,阵元间隔2m,水听器由直径40mm的接收型压电园管和前置放大器组成,水听器在低于20kHz的频率范围内,自由场接收电压灵敏度为-173±-3dB,在2MPa静水压力下灵敏度下降不超过2dB。制作了二例了具有清晰接收波形、一致性和可靠性好的水听器线阵,最终为客户在现场实地获得了高质量的层析图像。     

一种用于大坝混凝土声层析成像的水听器线阵

声层析成像技术可以用图像的方式精确完整地反映层析面上检测体内部质量,是一种有效的无损检测手段,在大坝混凝土的安全隐患检测中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本研究旨在研制成像用的接收声波的水听器线阵,该水听器线阵由12个水听器阵元组成,阵元间隔2 m,水听器由直径40 mm的接收型压电圆管和前置放大器组成。水听器在低于20 k Hz的频率范围内,自由场接收电压灵敏度为-173±3 d B,在2 MPa静水压力下灵敏度下降不超过2 d B。制作了2例具有清晰接收波形、一致性和可靠性好的水听器线阵,最终为客户在现场实地获得了高质量的层析图像。     

硅薄膜太阳能电池研究的进展

从制备方法、材料和结构的观点出发,概述非晶硅（a-Si)和多晶硅（poly-Si)薄膜太阳能电池研究的进展。对非晶硅特别是对多晶硅薄膜太阳能电池研究的重要结果进行了讨论。阐述非晶硅太阳能电池的各种应用,并对其光电系统进行介绍。对太阳能电池新产品如太阳能电池屋顶瓦及超轻灵活的太阳能电池的开发也作了简介。对由太阳能电池提供动力的空调设备作了叙述。讨论所得出的创新方案。     

应用CCD的透镜曲率自动测量系统

本文介绍了一种以线阵ＣＣＤ固态图像传感器取代读数显微镜，能自动测量和实时显示结果的透镜曲率测量系统，论述了系统的工作原理、软件和硬件的设计及装置的测量误差。     

大面阵CMOS APS相机系统的设计

基于大面阵CMOS APS图像传感器LUPA-4000设计出一个相机系统.通过对LUPA-4000驱动时序的分析,选用FPGA作为驱动信号产生载体,使用VHDL硬件语言设计了包括CMOS传感器驱动、通信、数据转换等一体化的程序,并分别对各个程序模块进行说明.设计了系统硬件电路,并加载程序对CMOS传感器驱动信号进行测试,给出了控制像素积分信号的测试波形.经测试相机电路系统与计算机通信正常,与下位机数据传输准确无误,系统整体运行稳定可靠.安装光学系统后获取了高质量图像.     

Lens Sag Measurement of Microlens Array Using Optical Interferometric Microscope

This study attempted to develop a detection system for lens sag of the microlens array in real time using an optical automatic inspection framework to link with the computer through a camera. An image processing technique was applied to detect the spherical microlens array, and then, the results were compared.The system light source used laser light and applied CCD to collocate with the microscope array to form an automatic optical detection system for an optical interferometric microscope. It applied the principle of the Fizeau interferometer, illuminated the surface of microlens array, and formed the phase difference required by the interference of two lights through the laser light reflected by the reference plane and the surface of the microlens array, thus, forming an interference fringe.When the sag of the microlens was much longer than the wave length of the detection light source, the fringe would be densely distributed, thus, only a few central fringes were clear in the microscopic image. An image processing method was used to search the center of the interference fringe and a creative algorithm was utilized to obtain the lens sag of the microlens. As proved by the experiment, lens sag of 4 microlens arrays were detected in real time, with a minimum detection error of 0.08 μm, and a maximum detection error of 4 μm (error value 1 ~ 9%), according to different sample processes. This system featured a simple structure and is applicable to non-contact detection and detection of different-sized microlens arrays.     

Highly precise micro torsion angle detection by fringe array

Pringe array is proposed as the cooperated target in the precise torsion angle detection. The target fringe array image is generated according to the structure of the optical system, and the torsion angle detection algorithm is analyzed in response to the gray distribution of the image. The factors affecting the detection precision of the fringe torsion angle are analyzed theoretically and numerically. It indicates that the detection precision of the torsion angle is 1 angular second or even less, carefully selecting the detector array. Significantly, experiments are performed to demonstrate the precision and the results match well with the simulations.     

基于CNN的红外图像边缘检测算法的FPGA实现

提出了一种以现场可编程门阵列为硬件处理器实现基于细胞神经网络的红外图像边缘检测方法.首先利用simulink的算法行为特性搭建红外图像输入模块,获得相关的红外图像头信息并对红外图像像素值范围进行相应变化,然后根据细胞神经网络模板所创建的查找表设计单个细胞元软核,再利用细胞神经网络阵列的规则性和互联的局域性,将单个细胞元软核扩展成细胞神经网络阵列.最后采用modelsim将细胞神经网络阵列与红外图像输入、输出模块相关联,从而达到实时处理的效果.实验结果表明:基于现场可编程门阵列为硬件处理器平台实现的细胞神经网络对红外图像进行边缘检测取得了较好的效果,且与MATLAB软件仿真的结果进行对比得出两者只有极其微小的差别.在Xilinx公司Virtex-6系列的现场可编程门阵列平台上,综合后占用极少资源的情况下得到142.693 MHz的最高频率,并且达到了2.378 Mpixels/sec处理速度.     

基于CNN的红外图像边缘检测算法的FPGA实现

提出了一种以现场可编程门阵列为硬件处理器实现基于细胞神经网络的红外图像边缘检测方法.首先利用simulink的算法行为特性搭建红外图像输入模块,获得相关的红外图像头信息并对红外图像像素值范围进行相应变化,然后根据细胞神经网络模板所创建的查找表设计单个细胞元软核,再利用细胞神经网络阵列的规则性和互联的局域性,将单个细胞元软核扩展成细胞神经网络阵列.最后采用modelsim将细胞神经网络阵列与红外图像输入、输出模块相关联,从而达到实时处理的效果.实验结果表明:基于现场可编程门阵列为硬件处理器平台实现的细胞神经网络对红外图像进行边缘检测取得了较好的效果,且与MATLAB软件仿真的结果进行对比得出两者只有极其微小的差别.在Xilinx公司Virtex-6系列的现场可编程门阵列平台上,综合后占用极少资源的情况下得到142.693 MHz的最高频率,并且达到了2.378 Mpixels/sec处理速度.     

基于衍射光学元件的红外弱目标探测系统设计

根据非制冷焦平面阵列（FPA）探测器性能参数以及所需探测红外弱目标的大小与探测距离,计算并设置了系统参数,设计并研制了与之相匹配的长波红外光学系统,实现了对红外弱目标的探测。该红外光学系统基于6°×6°视场角,采用像方远心光路来实现。分析与计算结果表明,采用衍射非球面设计的由两片Ge镜片组成的红外弱目标探测光学系统具有重量轻、系统能量传输效率高和像质优良的优势。与三片球面Ge-AMTIR1-Ge红外光学系统相比,系统质量轻25%,能量传输效率高7%;与常规非球面Ge-Ge透镜系统相比,像质改善50%。比较结果显示,可见衍射非球面光学元件在红外弱目标探测系统中具有较好的应用前景。     

Automatic defect recognition of TFT array process using gray level co-occurrence matrix

This study proposed an automatic optical inspection (AOI) system for detection of thin-film transistor (TFT) array defects. gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and MATLAB regionprops function were used to calculate 53 TFT array defect features, which were inputted into the neural network to train the defect classifier. The images to be inspected were compared with a standard image first, in order to judge whether the TFT array samples have defects. For defective images of a TFT array, the proposed defect classifier can successfully recognize five kinds of defects in the process. According to the experimental results, the defect recognition rate of proposed system is verified to be 83.3%, which can replace manual inspection and reduce the risks of false inspections due to long duration manual work. Moreover, the proposed AOI system can improve testing efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs.     

Multipoint parallel excitation and CCD-based imaging system for high-throughput fluorescence detection of biochip micro-arrays

We report the development and the characterization of a multipoint parallel excitation and CCD-based imaging system for high-throughput fluorescence detection of biochip micro-arrays. A two-dimensional array of (19×19) points with uniform intensity distribution, generated by a holographic array generator, was used for parallel excitation of two-dimensional micro-arrays of fluorescence samples. A CCD-based imaging system was used for high-throughput parallel detection and quantitative analysis of the fluorescence output. Micro-array samples of cyanine (Cy5) dye dots on silicon wafers and on glass substrates with varying concentration were used to evaluate the performance of the system. Results of fluorescence intensity measurements with varying concentration of dye and with different image acquisition time are presented. We have demonstrated that this novel approach will, in general, outperform the conventional approach in the excitation efficiency, the signal-to-noise ratio, and the throughput. The limitations and the potential improvements of the present method are discussed.     

高分辨率快速数字化光声CT乳腺肿瘤成像

提出了一种基于聚焦线性阵列探测器的快速光声计算机断层成像技术（光声CT）.在光声二维图像重建中,根据阵列探测器机械扫描和电子扫描相结合的组合扫描模式,提出了改进的有限场滤波反投影重建算法.一方面该算法适合多元探测器旋转扫描模式,另一方面探测器的指向性函数作为反投影的权重因子提高了系统的横向分辨率.同时,该成像系统还利用柱面声透镜实现Z轴方向上的聚焦扫描以实现三维层析成像.实验中,这套成像系统空间分辨率达到0.2mm,Z轴方向分辨率为1.5mm,扫描一幅二维图像仅需150s,得到 关键词： 光声CT 有限场滤波反投影算法 声透镜聚焦 乳腺肿瘤检测     

Depth-enhanced integral imaging system with convex and composite concave micro-lens arrays

A depth-enhanced integral imaging system is proposed by using a convex micro-lens array and a composite concave micro-lens array. The convex-micro-lens array is used to provide a virtual elemental image array for the composite concave micro-lens array. The composite concave micro-lens array which has two focal lengths is used to display integral images with the virtual elemental image array. Compared with the conventional integral imaging, the proposed system can form the 3D image around two image planes with viewing angle being enhanced remarkably. The principle of the enhancement of the image depth is explained in detail and the experimental results are presented.