全视场彩虹全息图

全视场彩虹全息图戴薇，肖光文，蒋光和（吉首大学物理系湖南４１６０００）一、引言全视场彩虹全息图可以用白光分别再现被援物体的彩虹一反射正反两面的像，其再现像两个面分别在全息图的两侧．通常是用二步法拍摄，操作麻烦，周期长．为了使拍出来的全视场彩虹全息图在...     

投影彩虹全息术

本文提出一种新的彩虹全息图的记录方法——投影彩虹全息术.这种技术简化了彩虹全息图的记录过程,在某些方面克服了传统方法的限制,制作的投影彩虹全息图具有大景深、大视角和高分辨率的特点.文中介绍了投影彩虹全息图的记录和再现的原理,分析了它的基本性能,并讨论了一些成功和可能的应用.     

大景深无狭缝彩虹全息图

从线全息图出发,讨论了获得大景深无狭缝彩虹全息图的记录和观察条件,并通过实验记录了大景深彩虹全息图。     

周视彩虹全息术

本文一改以往平板彩虹全息图垂直于全息图面观察的形式,给出一种几乎平行于全息图面观察的周视彩虹全息图的制作技术,这种全息图观察范围为360°最后给出了实验结果,并作了讨论.     

无透镜夫琅和费型计算机彩虹全息图

本文提出一种新的计算机彩虹全息图,即无透镜夫琅和费型计算机彩虹全息图,介绍了它的基本原理及物体光波的数学描述,并以彩虹全息图的信息量出发,讨论了一般计算机彩虹全息图信息量的冗余度及减少冗余信息量的方法.最后给出了无透镜夫琅和费型计算机彩虹全息图的实验结果.     

一种制作多色彩全息图的新方法

本文首先提出了一种制作二维透射物彩虹全息图的新方法，即利用一专门设计的全息光学元件──色编码板，采用单光束制作所需物体的彩虹全息图；在此基础上，通过对色编码板的进一步理论设计，制作了一组对应不同主波长的色编码板，实现了记录物体的多色彩虹再现全息图。实验结果表明，此方案简便易行，光路布置灵活性高，且能有效地消除纵向色差的影响，特别适合于模压全息图制造中母全息图的拍摄，并降低了对环境稳定性的要求。     

二步合成平板周视彩虹全息术

提出一种将物光波前先分解记录，再合成的二步平板周视彩虹全息术。波前的分解记录与合成彩虹全息图是分别通过转动物体和干板来实现的。记录这种周视全息图，不需要大孔径和其它特殊光学元件，即可获得周视半径大的无象差立体再现象。该方法可直接用于模压全息图母板的制作。     

全息透镜彩虹全息图的分区假彩色化

讨论全息透镜彩虹全息图的单色性问题．及多面元全息透镜实现两维物彩虹全息图分区假彩色化的具体方法     

大景深彩虹全息图的获得与观察条件

本文从彩虹全息的线状点基元全息图入手,首次对其景深进行了分析和讨论.理论上证明了只要满足一定的观察条件,则彩虹全息可以进行大景深的记录和再现;实验上获得了景深达450mm的彩虹全息图.     

闪耀型彩虹全息术

彩虹全息术中的长狭缝演化为一个点，可极大提高再现像的亮度，文中阐述了这种闪耀型彩虹全息图制版光路，论证了在明视距离处形成出射瞳孔实像的条件，指出了这种多色显示的全息图有高信噪比。     

Image fusion through local feature extraction by using multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operators

The purpose of image fusion is to combine useful image features of different original images into the final fusion image, which will produce one useful result image for different applications. One of the main difficulties of image fusion is extracting useful image features of different original images. In some cases, useful image features are local image features of the whole image. To efficiently extract local image features and produce an efficient fusion result, an image fusion algorithm based on the extracted local image features by using multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operators is proposed in this paper. Firstly, multi-scale local feature extraction using multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operators is discussed. Then, based on the extracted multi-scale local features of different original images, the useful image features for image fusion are constructed. Finally, the constructed useful image features for image fusion are combined into the final fusion image. Experimental results on different types of images show that, the proposed algorithm performs well for image fusion.     

基于无人机载的光电与SAR图像融合技术研究

为了提高无人机侦察识别能力,提出基于小波变换方法的无人机载光电与SAR的图像融合技术。经时间配准算法生成图像配准源,采用SIFT算法提取图像特征点,BBF算法计算生成匹配点集,依据匹配点集计算图像间透视变换模型完成图像配准,利用小波变换算法实现配准图像融合。经实验验证以及利用Matlab分析图像灰度直方图和计算信息量,结果表明:融合图像保留了光电图像95.7%的细节(熵),相比于光电图像平均梯度提高了1.52倍,增强了光电图像目标区对比度,降低了随机性噪点;融合图像相比于SAR图像信息量提高了1.44倍。     

ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术研究

为在图像处理与分析时具备良好的视觉效果,提高图像处理的速度,需要对ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术进行研究。当前采用的方法是对各种变换频域图像特征提取与计算机图像集合特征的提取进行相结合,克服了当前对图像进行提取时存在图像形状描述的缺陷,提取图像特征向量维数相对较低。实验表明,通过对图像进行特征提取能很好的对图像效果进行展示,将图像的纹理特征进行详细的表述,将该方法应用到图像处理技术当中,具有良好的去噪效果及扩展性,该方法过程简单,但存在图像视觉效果较差的问题。为此,提出一种ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术研究方法。该方法首先利用非局部均值去噪算法对图像进行去噪处理,然后结合图像去噪的结果利用小波变换对去噪图像进行边缘检测,最后采用非线性增强算法对图像进行增强完成对ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术研究。实验结果表明,所提方法不仅提高图像处理速度,还提高图像视觉效果,具有广泛的应用价值。     

相干激光雷达距离像的噪声抑制算法研究

激光雷达能同时成距离像和强度像,较其他的成像体制给出更多的有用信息。距离像的去噪是激光雷达图像处理的关键步骤,去噪的好坏直接关系激光雷达在跟踪、定位等方面的精确性。根据距离像噪声来源,采用结合强度像的多级中值滤波对实际的雷达图像进行了去噪处理。首先利用强度像3×3邻域均值和图像平均值消除失落信息影响,然后采用多级中值滤波消除逸出值。分别给出了各步处理结果,最终获得了较清晰的距离像。研究结果表明运用结合强度像的多级中值滤波方法能够有效地抑制相干激光雷达距离像的噪声。     

Image enhancement through contrast enlargement using the image regions extracted by multiscale top-hat by reconstruction

An image enhancement algorithm based on multiscale top-hat by reconstruction is proposed in this paper. Firstly, multiscale top-hat by reconstruction using multiscale structuring elements is discussed. Then, multiscale bright and black image regions are extracted. Thirdly, useful image regions for image enhancement are obtained from the extracted multiscale bright and black image regions. Finally, after a base image is calculated from the results of the opening and closing by reconstruction operations, the original image is enhanced through combing the useful image regions into the base image. Experimental results on different types of images show that the proposed algorithm is efficient.     

像素随机映射的快速算法及在LSB隐藏技术中的应用

提出一种像素随机映射的快速方法, 将该方法与像素字节低位隐藏信息的LSB(Least Significant Bit)技术相结合, 讨论了将RGB彩色图像作为载体隐匿真彩色图像、灰度图像、二值图像及全息信息的方法. 研究结果表明, 该方法加密及解密效率高, 载体图像具有较好的抗破译及抗剪切能力. 根据隐藏信息的性质合理使用LSB技术, 能在基本不影响载体图像质量的情况下较好地隐匿多种信息.     

Multi-scale toggle operator for constructing image sharpness measure

To construct effective image sharpness measure with good discrimination ability, a multi-scale toggle operator based algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, toggle operator is used to extract image details. And, the multi-scale theory is used in toggle operator to extract multi-scale image details. Then, the final image details are obtained through applying the pixel-wise maximum operation on the extracted multi-scale image details. Finally, the mean value of the obtained final image details is used as the constructed image sharpness measure. Experimental results on different images show that, the proposed image sharpness measure could correctly quantify the clarity of image and is suitable for discriminating the image clarity change.     

多模自适应电子稳像算法研究

电子稳像算法的主要目的是解决摄像机随机运动导致的图像序列的帧间抖动问题。根据摄像机成像模型,推导了摄像机平移振动和旋转运动对图像运动的影响,阐明了电子稳像算法中各种图像运动模型的物理成因,指出了模型之间的内在联系。提出了一种多模自适应电子稳像算法,根据摄像机工作时图像序列抖动的剧烈程度,自适应地选择适当的图像运动模型和相应的运动估计方法。实验结果表明,该算法在各种情况下都能实现对图像序列的高精度稳定,有效地提高了电子稳像算法的适用性。     

CCD摄像法采集激光光斑图像方法研究

为了测量大尺寸激光光斑图像,对CCD摄像法采集漫反射的激光光斑图像方法进行了研究。采用CCD摄像机捕获经漫反板反射的激光光斑图像,光斑图像进行去背景处理后,根据系统噪声特性对光斑图像进行提取,再利用透视投影原理对畸变的光斑图像进行了校正,最后根据人眼对彩色图像敏感的特性,利用灰度级一彩色变换法对光斑图像进行了伪彩色处理。结果表明,CCD漫反射法能够准确地测量大尺寸激光光斑图像。     

A Quantum Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Two-Bit Superposition

Quantum watermarking technology protects copyright by embedding an invisible quantum signal in quantum multimedia data. This paper proposes a two-bit superposition method which embeds a watermark image (or secret information) into a carrier image. Firstly, the bit-plane is used to encrypt the watermark image. At the same time, the quantum expansion method is used to extend the watermark image to the same size with the carrier image, and then the image is encrypted through the Fibonacci scramble method again. Secondly, the first proposed method is the two bits of the watermark image which is embedded into the carrier image in accordance with the order of the high and lowest qubit, and the second proposed method which is the high bit of the watermark image is embedded to the lowest bit. Then the lowest bit of the watermark image is embedded in carrier image. Third, the watermark image is extracted through 1-CNOT and swap gates, and the watermark image is restored by inverse Fibonacci scramble, inverse expansion method and inverse bit-plane scramble method. Finally, for the validation of the proposed scheme, the signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), the image histogram and the robustness of the two watermarking methods are analyzed.