Semialgebraic sets and the Łojasiewicz-Siciak condition

The paper contains a full geometric characterization of compact semialgebraic sets in C satisfying the ?ojasiewicz-Siciak condition. The ?ojasiewicz-Siciak condition is a certain estimate for the Siciak extremal function. In a previous paper, we gave a sufficient criterion for a compact, connected, and semialgebraic set in C to satisfy this condition. In the present paper, we remove completely the connectedness assumption and prove that the aforementioned sufficient condition is also necessary. Moreover, we obtain some new results concerning the ?ojasiewicz-Siciak condition in C^N. For example, we prove that if K₁,...,K_p are compact, nonpluripolar, and pairwise disjoint subsets of C^N, each satisfying the ?ojasiewicz-Siciak condition, and K:= K₁?· · ·?K_p is polynomially convex, then K satisfies this condition as well.     

Concentration sets of the Landau–Lifshitz system and quasi-mean curvature flows

The aim of this work is to analyze the concentration set of the stationary weak solutions to the Landau-Lifshitz system of the ferromagnetic spin chain from R ^m into the unit sphere S ² of R ³ . Suppose that u _k → u weakly in W ^1,2(R ^m × R ₊, S ²) and that Σ ^t is the concentration set for fixed t. In the present paper we first prove that Σ ^t is a -rectifiable set for almost all t ∈ R ₊. And then we verify that Σ ^t moves by the quasi-mean curvature under some assumptions, which is a new codimension 2 curvature flow. Finally we analyze the behavior of the solution at the singular point and get the blow up formulas. The main barrier to Landau–Lifshtiz system is that there is no energy monotonicity inequality. After the seminal work to on the study of the concentration set of minimizing energy harmonic maps by Leon Simon, there are several papers dealing with the stationary harmonic maps and its heat flows, and so on. This investigation is inspired by the study on the heat flow of harmonic maps and it largely depends on our result of the partial regularity.     

Normal scalar curvature and a pinching theorem in S~m×R and H~m×R

We obtain an inequality in Sm×R and Hm×R which is similar to DDVV conjecture.As an application,we show that a minimal submanifold in H m×R with nonnegative scalar curvature must be a surface of the type γ×R,where γ is a geodesic in H m.In addition,we get a pinching theorem in Sm×R.     

A curvature condition for a twisted product¶to be a warped product

It is shown that a mixed Ricci-flat twisted product semi-Riemannian manifold can be expressed as a warped product semi-Riemannian manifold. As a consequence, any Einstein twisted product semi-Riemannian manifold is in fact, a warped product semi-Riemannian manifold. Received: 8 March 2001 / Revised version: 25 July 2001     

A geometric analysis of Renegar’s condition number,and its interplay with conic curvature

For a conic linear system of the form Ax ∈K, K a convex cone, several condition measures have been extensively studied in the last dozen years. Among these, Renegar’s condition number is arguably the most prominent for its relation to data perturbation, error bounds, problem geometry, and computational complexity of algorithms. Nonetheless, is a representation-dependent measure which is usually difficult to interpret and may lead to overly conservative bounds of computational complexity and/or geometric quantities associated with the set of feasible solutions. Herein we show that Renegar’s condition number is bounded from above and below by certain purely geometric quantities associated with A and K; furthermore our bounds highlight the role of the singular values of A and their relationship with the condition number. Moreover, by using the notion of conic curvature, we show how Renegar’s condition number can be used to provide both lower and upper bounds on the width of the set of feasible solutions. This complements the literature where only lower bounds have heretofore been developed.     

Entropy and similarity measure for Atannasov’s interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets and their application

In this study, we first point out the problem of the similarity measure in the literature and then define a new entropy and similarity measure. In order to explore the inter-dependent or interactive characteristics between elements in a set, several Shapley-weighted similarity measures of Atannasov’s interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets are defined by using the well-known Shapley function, which can be seen as an extension of the associated weighted similarity measures. Moreover, if the information about the weights is completely unknown or partially known, models for the optimal fuzzy measures are established, by which the optimal weight vector can be obtained. Finally, an approach to pattern recognition and multi-criteria decision making is developed, and the associated numerical examples are provided to verify the developed methods and demonstrate their practicality and feasibility.     

Bifurcation of positive solutions to scalar reaction–diffusion equations with nonlinear boundary condition

The bifurcation of non-trivial steady state solutions of a scalar reaction–diffusion equation with nonlinear boundary conditions is considered using several new abstract bifurcation theorems. The existence and stability of positive steady state solutions are proved using a unified approach. The general results are applied to a Laplace equation with nonlinear boundary condition and bistable nonlinearity, and an elliptic equation with superlinear nonlinearity and sublinear boundary conditions.     

Limit-cycle-like control for 2-dimensional discrete-time nonlinear control systems and its application to the Hénon map

In this paper, a control method that generates a desired limit-cycle-like behavior for a 2-dimensional discrete-time nonlinear control system is discussed. First, we define some notations and state the problem formulation. Next, a necessary and sufficient condition of existence of a control input that realizes a desired limit-cycle-like behavior is shown. We then derive a control algorithm to solve the problem on generating limit-cycle-like behaviors, and a modification of the algorithm is also shown. Finally, we apply the two types of algorithms to a chaotic system, the Hénon map, in order to indicate the availability of the proposed method. In addition, by using the control method, we also consider a stabilization problem for the Hénon map.     

Invariant sets and solutions to the generalized thin film equation

The invariant sets and the solutions of the 1 2-dimensional generalized thin film equation are discussed. It is shown that there exists a class of solutions to the equations, which are invariant with respect to the set E0 = {u : ux = vxF(u), uy = vyF(u)}, where v is a smooth function of variables x, y and F is a smooth function of u. This extends the results of Galaktionov (2001) and for the l l-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations.     

Extension sets,affine designs,and Hamada’s conjecture

We introduce the notion of an extension set for an affine plane of order q to study affine designs \({\mathcal {D}}'\) with the same parameters as, but not isomorphic to, the classical affine design \({\mathcal {D}} = \mathrm {AG}_2(3,q)\) formed by the points and planes of the affine space \(\mathrm {AG}(3,q)\) which are very close to this geometric example in the following sense: there are blocks \(B'\) and B of \({\mathcal {D}'}\) and \({\mathcal {D}}\), respectively, such that the residual structures \({\mathcal {D}}'_{B'}\) and \({\mathcal {D}}_B\) induced on the points not in \(B'\) and B, respectively, agree. Moreover, the structure \({\mathcal {D}}'(B')\) induced on \(B'\) is the q-fold multiple of an affine plane \({\mathcal {A}}'\) which is determined by an extension set for the affine plane \(B \cong AG(2,q)\). In particular, this new approach will result in a purely theoretical construction of the two known counterexamples to Hamada’s conjecture for the case \(\mathrm {AG}_2(3,4)\), which were discovered by Harada et al. [7] as the result of a computer search; a recent alternative construction, again via a computer search, is in [23]. On the other hand, we also prove that extension sets cannot possibly give any further counterexamples to Hamada’s conjecture for the case of affine designs with the parameters of some \(\mathrm {AG}_2(3,q)\); thus the two counterexamples for \(q=4\) might be truly sporadic. This seems to be the first result which establishes the validity of Hamada’s conjecture for some infinite class of affine designs of a special type. Nevertheless, affine designs which are that close to the classical geometric examples are of interest in themselves, and we provide both theoretical and computational results for some particular types of extension sets. Specifically, we obtain a theoretical construction for one of the two affine designs with the parameters of \(\mathrm {AG}_2(3,3)\) and 3-rank 11 and for an affine design with the parameters of \(\mathrm {AG}_2(3,4)\) and 2-rank 17 (in both cases, just one more than the rank of the classical example).     

Qualitative and quantitative combined nonlinear dynamics model and its application in analysis of price,supply–demand ratio and selling rate

The qualitative and quantitative combined nonlinear dynamics model proposed in this paper fill the gap in nonlinear dynamics model in terms of qualitative and quantitative combined methods, allowing the qualitative model and quantitative model to perfectly combine and overcome their weaknesses by learning from each other. These two types of models use their strengths to make up for the other’s deficiencies. The qualitative and quantitative combined models can surmount the weakness that the qualitative model cannot be applied and verified in a quantitative manner, and the high costs and long time of multiple construction as well as verification of the quantitative model. The combined model is more practical and efficient, which is of great significance for nonlinear dynamics. The qualitative and quantitative combined modeling and model analytical method raised in this paper is not only applied to nonlinear dynamics, but can be adopted and drawn on in the modeling and model analysis of other fields. Additionally, the analytical method of qualitative and quantitative combined nonlinear dynamics model proposed in this paper can satisfactorily resolve the problems with the price system’s existing nonlinear dynamics model analytical method. The three-dimensional dynamics model of price, supply–demand ratio and selling rate established in this paper make estimates about the best commodity prices using the model results, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the government’s macro-control of price. Meanwhile, this model also offer theoretical guidance to how to enhance people’s purchasing power and consumption levels through price regulation and hence to improve people’s living standards.     

Bernstein–Nagumo conditions and solutions to nonlinear differential inequalities

For Ω$\Omega$, an open bounded subset of R^N${\mathbb{R}}^N$ with smooth boundary and 1<p<∞$1<p<\infty$, we establish W^1,p(Ω)$W^{1,p}\left(\Omega \right)$a priori bounds and prove the compactness of solution sets to differential inequalities of the form

|divA(x,∇u)|≤F(x,u,∇u),$\left|\text{div}A(x,\nabla u)\right|\le F(x,u,\nabla u)\text{,}$

which are bounded in L^∞(Ω)$L^{\infty }\left(\Omega \right)$. The main point in this work is that the nonlinear term F$F$ may depend on ∇u$\nabla u$ and may grow as fast as a power of order p$p$ in this variable. Such growth conditions have been used extensively in the study of boundary value problems for nonlinear ordinary differential equations and are known as Bernstein–Nagumo growth conditions. In addition, we use these results to establish a sub-supersolution theorem.     

An application of Levy-Caccioppoli’s global inversion theorem to a boundary value problem for the Soret effect

The Levy-Caccioppoli’s global inversion theorem is used to prove existence and uniqueness for a problem of heat and mass transfer. The relevant boundary value problem is first transformed in a suitable two-point problem for a first order differential equation.