树脂吸附法处理邻硝基苯酚废水的研究

本文采用自制的大孔吸附树脂ＮＤＡ－１１７,吸附处理邻硝基苯甲醚生产过程中产生的高浓度邻硝基苯酚废水,原废水邻硝基苯含量７４００－１１００００ｍｇ／Ｌ,经中和沉淀－树脂吸附法处理,处理量２０ＢＶ。吸附流出液邻硝基苯酚含量６０－８０ｍｇ／Ｌ,邻硝基苯酚去除率≥９９％,树脂经碱液脱附可重复使用,并回收高纯度邻硝基苯酚,且运行稳定,该处理工艺投资少,操作简便,可望实现工业化。     

树脂吸附法处理对苯二胺生产中含对硝基苯胺工业废水的研究

以大孔吸附树脂对含对硝基苯胺工业废水进行了治理研究。结果表明,CHA-101大孔吸附树脂对该废水的吸附处理效果良好,处理后废水中对硝基苯胺含量可降低至3mg/L以下,去除率达99％以上;树脂脱附再生的同时可回收对硝基苯胺。     

硫化物沉淀分离富集原子吸收法测定钢铁废水中的铋

本文研究了硫化物沉淀分离富集原子吸收法分析微量铋的方法，实验表明：在６２．８ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｓ＾２－和０．１４ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＮＯ３条件下，Ｂｉ＾３＋可与Ｓ＾２－形成难溶化合物而从溶液中定量分离富集出来，溶解后借助原子吸收法测定，可用于钢铁废水中秘的分析，方法对铋的最低分析浓度为０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ，加标回收率为９３．８％～１１０．０％相对标准偏差为２．９％～４．３％。     

导数示波极谱法测定废水中微量对硝基乙苯

研究了导数示波极谱法测定废水中微量对硝基乙苯。在０．０１５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１乙二胺０．０１０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＥＤＴＡ底液中，对硝基乙苯产生一灵敏的二阶导数极谱峰，峰电位为－０．５４Ｖ（ｖｓＳＥＣ）。对硝基乙苯浓度在１．００×１０－７～７．００×１０－５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１范围内，浓度与峰电流成线性关系。检测限为１．００×１０－７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。该法用于氯霉素药厂废水中对硝基乙苯的测定，取得满意的结果。     

表面活性剂和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮在ZrO2上的吸附对其悬浮体稳定性的影响

研究了水溶液中十二烷基苯磺酸钠（ＳＤＢＳ）、溴代十四烷基吡啶（ＴＰＢ）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（ＰＶＰ）在ＺｒＯ２上的吸附及对ＺｒＯ２水悬浮体稳定性的影响。结果表明：ｐＨ＝２．４时ＳＤＢＳ在ＺｒＯ２上的吸附等湿线为ＬＳ型，ｐＨ＝７．０时ＴＰＢ的吸附等温线为Ｓ型，吸附等温线与ＺｒＯ２粒子ζ电势变化同线有大体一致的关系。在最大吸附量时ＺｒＯ２粒子ζ电势较大，且吸附的表面活性剂离子形成大部分亲水基朝向水相的表面     

大孔树脂对对硝基苯胺的吸附行为及其应用研究

研究了溶液中无机盐、pH值对氨基修饰超高交联大孔树脂NDA-99、氧修饰超高交联大孔树脂NDA-150和大孔树脂XAD-4吸附对硝基苯胺的影响。结果表明,无机盐对吸附影响不大;NDA-99、NDA-150在中性范围吸附量最大,XAD-4的吸附量随pH增大而增大;3种树脂的吸附等温线都能很好的利用Freundlich方程进行拟合,吸附皆为放热反应且为优惠吸附;3种树脂的饱和吸附量大小依次为NDA-150>NDA-99>XAD-4。依据上述结论,采用NDA-150处理对硝基苯胺生产母液废水,每批次处理量为40BV,废水中对硝基苯胺浓度由2130mg/L降至9.6mg/L,去除率达99.5%,吸附后的树脂采用95%的乙醇可完全再生,高浓度对硝基苯胺乙醇再生溶液经蒸馏可回收对硝基苯胺和脱附剂,实现了废水治理与资源化的统一。     

磷酸三丁酯增敏极谱法测定铜的研究

在０．００４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ－１×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＳＣＮ＾－－５×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）溶液中，Ｃｕ＾２＋可在－０．４２Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）产生灵敏的极谱波，波高较无ＴＢＰ存在时增加近３倍，二阶导数峰电流与０．００５￣４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ Ｃｕ＾２＋呈线性关系。研究了极谱波性质及增敏机理，表明该极谱波为配合物吸附波，ＴＢＰ起协同吸附作用。本法已用于实际样品分析，结果满意。     

溴化十二烷基吡啶的吸附和表面胶团化对二氧化硅悬浮液稳定性的影响

研究了阳离子表面活性剂溴化十二烷基吡啶（ＤＰＢ）的吸附和表面胶团化对二氧化硅（ＣＡＢ－Ｏ－ＳＩＬ）悬浮液稳定性的影响，以及加入电解质的效应．结果表明：ＤＰＢ在ＣＡＢ－Ｏ－ＳＩＬ上的吸附等温线呈双平台（或ＬＳ）型，溴化钠（０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）的存在使吸附等温线向低浓区移动，第二平台的饱和吸附量增大，但基本不影响第一平台的吸附量，这些结果都与涉及形成表面胶团的二步吸附模型相符．当ＤＰＢ浓度很低时，ＣＡＢ－Ｏ－ＳＩＬ悬浮液的稳定性随ＤＰＢ浓度的增大而下降；当ＤＰＢ浓度增至ｓｍｃ（临界表面胶团浓度）附近时，悬浮液稳定性急剧提高．ＮａＢｒ的存在，并不影响上述悬浮液稳定性规律．利用表面活性剂的二步吸附和颗粒相互作用模型，并结合ＤＰＢ吸附等温线的研究结果，可以合理地解释ＣＡＢ－Ｏ－ＳＩＬ悬浮液稳定性的实验结果．     

铜（Ⅰ）—苯骈三氮唑络合吸附波的极谱研究与应用

本文在０．６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ缓冲溶液（ｐＨ＝９．８）中，Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）在滴汞电极上还原生成Ｃｕ（Ⅰ），可与苯骈三氮唑（ＢＴＡ）络合，产生一灵敏的络合吸附波，Ｅｐ＝－０．７３Ｖ（ｕｓ，ＳＣＥ）。苯骈三氮唑的浓度在０．４０－１０．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内与极谱波峰高呈线性关系，检测下限为０．４０ｍｇ／Ｌ，相对标准偏差为１．４％－３．２％；回收率为９７．５％－１０１．５％。     

红外光谱法研究螯合树脂对金属离子的选择性：I.氨基膦酸型…

本文用ＫＢｒ压片法测定了氨基膦酸脂ＮＰ－５００、ＳＬ－４６７，ＳＬ－４１１的Ｈ型、Ｎａ型以及分别吸附了Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｃｏ＾２＋离子后的荭外光谱图。谱图分析发现，在相同的吸附条件下，同一种树脂分别吸附了Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｃｏ＾２＋后，其吸附量愈大，图中Ｃ－Ｎ－Ｃ谱峰的位移植越大，则树脂对该金属离子的选择性愈高。结果表明，ＮＰ－５００，ＳＬ－４６７，ＳＬ－４１１树脂对过渡元素Ｃｕ＾２＋     

Residue valorization: Preparation of recyclable organic amine adsorbent using laterite residue

This study focuses on exploiting the main component of traditional nickel metallurgical waste for use as a valuable material that can be applied in the removal of organic amines from water systems. Silicon compounds from metallurgic waste were converted into dissolvable sodium silicate by roasting the waste with alkali. Silica with adsorption capacity was combined with magnetic NiFe cores by the carbonation decomposition of purified silicate solution. The composite magnetic adsorbent was characterized, and its adsorption mechanism for organic amines was investigated. The effects of the initial trimethylamine concentration, contact time and temperature on the adsorption efficiency of the composite adsorbent towards trimethylamine were investigated. It was found that the adsorption fit the Freundlich mode well. The adsorption kinetics can be described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity reached 55.8 μg/mg at 293 K. The use of metallurgical waste to prepare the magnetic composite adsorbent has three advantages, which include benefiting the environment by reducing the amount of solid waste and costs associated with constructing and maintaining storage facilities, generating valuable products in an economical manner and conveniently recycling used adsorbents to avoid secondary pollution.     

Facial Synthesis of Adsorbent from Hemicelluloses for Cr(VI) Adsorption

It is challenging work to develop a low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly Cr(VI) adsorbent for waste water treatment. In this paper, we used hemicelluloses from chemical fiber factory waste as the raw material, and prepared two kinds of carbon materials by the green hydrothermal method as adsorbent for Cr(VI). The results showed that hemicelluloses hydrothermally treated with citric acid (HTC) presented spherical shapes, and hemicelluloses hydrothermally treated with ammonia solution (HTC-NH₂) provided spongy structures. The adsorption capacity of the samples can be obtained by the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics could be described by the pseudo-second-order model at pH 1.0. The maximum adsorption capacity of HTC-NH₂ in the Langmuir model is 74.60 mg/g, much higher than that of HTC (61.25 mg/g). The green hydrothermal treatment of biomass with ammonia solution will provide a simple and feasible way to prepare adsorbent for Cr(VI) in waste water treatment.     

溶剂浮选法分离富集工业废水中痕量有机污染物的研究

采用溶剂浮选法对工业废水中痕量有机污染物进行分离富集，用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法对其进行鉴定。针对废水中几种主要有机污染物，对影响溶剂浮选的参数进行了优化。所述方法用于分析某石化工业废水中主要存在的39种痕量有机污染物，结果表明这是一种简便、可行的水质分析前处理方法。     

蔗渣纤维素黄原酸酯的制备及稳定性研究

以甘蔗渣为原材料,于20％(wt)的NaOH溶液中碱化24 h,在碱性条件下加入用量为0.5 mL/g的CS2,在30℃反应2.5 h,合成了蔗渣纤维素黄原酸酯(BCX)；并对其合成条件进行了优化,对其处理重金属离子的效果进行了评价.研究结果表明,BCX对重金属废水中的Ni2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、pb2+的去除率均在...     

GC/MS, HPLC and FAB mass spectrometric analysis of organic micropollutants in Barcelona's water supply

Water samples from Llobregat river entering two water work plants, Barcelona tap water and waste dumping samples taken along the river course were analyzed for trace organic contaminants by different procedures, liquid-liquid extraction, adsorption on granular activated carbon followed by GC/MS/DS. Ether insoluble organic fractions were analyzed and fractionated by HPLC with diode-array detection, followed by FAB and FAB-CID-MIKE characterisation. Results, after two years monitoring, proved that surfactants, plasticizers, ethyleneglycol derivatives, phosphates, hydrocarbons and other miscellaneous compounds can be considered as chronic pollutants of Llobregat river. Some of the identified compounds by GC/MS and FAB mass spectrometry have not been previously reported to occur in water.     

Electrochemical Detection of Phenol Removal by Using a Biosorbent Originated Factory Solid Waste

Biosorption is a preferable method for phenol (PNL) removal from water sources using a cheap and eco-friendly biomass. The combination of the biosorption technique with practical, affordable, sensitive, and selective monitoring tools gives a new perspective to environmental monitoring applications. Herein, as the first time, the monitoring of PNL biosorption performed using a factory waste was done by pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The monitoring of the biosorption process was completed with reproducible and reliable results in just 40s. The biosorption was achieved in different water samples and the presence of different phenolic compounds.     

Utilization of Waste Biomass (Kitchen Waste) Hydrolysis Residue as Adsorbent for Dye Removal: Kinetic,Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies

Kitchen waste hydrolysis residue (KWHR), which is produced in the bioproduction process from kitchen waste (KW), is usually wasted with potential threats to the environment. Herein, experiments were carried out to evaluate the potential of KWHR as adsorbent for dye (methylene blue, MB) removal from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR and SEM. Adsorption results showed that the operating variables had great effects on the removal efficiency of MB. Kinetic study indicated pseudo-second-order model was suitable to describe the adsorption process. Afterwards, the equilibrium data were well fitted by using Langmuir isotherm model, suggesting a monolayer adsorption. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity was calculated to be 110.13 mg/g, a level comparable to some other low-cost adsorbents. It was found that the adsorption process of MB onto KWHR was spontaneous and exothermic through the estimation of thermodynamic parameters. Thus, KWHR was of great potential to be an alternative adsorbent material to improve the utilization efficiency of bioresource (KW) and lower the cost of adsorbent for color treatment.     

Removal of nickel from water and synthetic nuclear power plant coolant water by ion exchange resins

A method for the removal of nickel from waste water by adsorption process on ion exchange resin was studied. The percentage removal of nickel depends upon the contact time, pH and dose of adsorbent. Adsorption of nickel on ion exchange resins obeys Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The applicability of Lagergren kinetic model has also been investigated. In order to understand the adsorption behavior of nickel, a number of batch experiments were conducted at various pH values. The results show that the adsorption is maximum in the pH range 2 to 8. The studies showed that the ion exchange resins IRN77 and SKN1 can be used as an efficient adsorbent material for the removal of Ni(II) from water and coolant water.     

Nonionic Surfactants from Recycled Poly(ethylene terephthalate) as Corrosion Inhibitors of Steel in 1 M HCl

Recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) can be modified to produce nonionic surfactants. Recycling of PET waste was carried out in presence of triethanolamine and manganese acetate as catalyst. The produced oligomers were reacted with stearic acid and polyethylene glycol, PEG, which have different molecular weights 400, 1,000, and 4,000. The inhibition of corrosion of steel in 1 molar hydrochloric acid solution in the presence of the prepared surfactants is studied by weight loss and electrochemical polarization measurements. The polarization curves indicate that these compounds act as mixed‐type inhibitors. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increase of inhibitor concentration to reach their critical micelle concentrations. The temperature effect on the corrosion behavior of steel in 1 M HCl with and without surfactants is studied in the temperature range from 308 to 343 K. The adsorption of inhibitors on the steel surface is found to increase with increasing the temperature. From the adsorption isotherm, some thermodynamic data for the adsorption process are calculated and discussed.     

Adsorption of aromatic compounds on porous covalent triazine-based framework

Covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) are an emerging class of polymers whose adsorption properties of organic chemicals are not well understood. The main objective of this work was to evaluate combined effects of the functional groups of aromatic solutes and the triazine structure of a synthesized CTF on adsorption in aqueous solutions. Adsorption of the hydroxyl-, amino-, nitro-, and sulfonate-substituted monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic compounds was generally stronger than their non-substituted, nonpolar counterparts (benzene and naphthalene). When compared with Amberlite XAD-4 resin, one of the most common and widely used polymeric adsorbents, the CTF showed much stronger adsorption toward the polar and/or ionic compounds. To explain the adsorption enhancement of CTF, several specific, non-hydrophobic mechanisms were proposed, including hydrogen bonding (hydroxyl- and amino-substituted compounds), electrostatic attraction (anionized compounds), and π-π electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) interaction (nitroaromatic compounds) with the triazine structure of CTF. The hypothesized mechanisms were further supported by the observed pH dependence of adsorption. Resulting from size exclusion, adsorption of large-size dissolved humic acids on the homogeneous, nanopored (1.2 nm in size) CTF was negligible and did not affect adsorption of aromatic solutes. Additional advantages of fast adsorption/desorption kinetics and complete adsorption reversibility made CTF a superior adsorbent for aromatic compounds.