Quantum Geometrical Phases and Mesoscopic Persistent Current

We critically examine the concepts of quantum geometrical phases which have been widely applied to calculate mesoscopic persistent currents in the current literature.We point out that the method used in these calculations is essentially in conflict with the basic concepts of quantum geometrical phases.We give an example calculation of mesoscopic ring Aharonov-Anandan,Aharonov-Casher phases and persistent current to show some of the misconceptions involved in the current literature.     

Period Halving of Persistent Currents in mesoscopic Mobius Ladders

We investigate the period halving of persistent currents (PCs) of non-interacting electrons in isolated mesoscopic Mobius ladders without disorder,pierced by Aharonov-Bohm flux.The mechanisms of the period halving effect depend on the parity of the number of electrons as well as on the interchain hopping.Although the data of PCs in mesoscopic systems are sample specific,some simple rules are found in the canonical ensemble average,for example,all the odd harmonics of the PCs disappear and the signals of even harmonics are non-negative.     

Spin-polarization-dependent transport in a quantum dot array coupled with an Aharonov-Bohm ring

In this paper the quantum transport in a dot-array coupled with an Aharonov–Bohm (AB) ring is investigated via single-band tight-binding Hamiltonian. It is shown that the output spin current is a periodic function of the magnetic flux in the quantum unit Φ₀. The resonance positions of the total transmission probability do not depend on the size of the AB ring but the electronic spectrum. Moreover, the persistent currents in the AB ring is also spin-polarization dependent and different from the isolated AB ring where the persistent current is independent of spin polarization.     

Persistent Spin and Charge Currents in Open Conducting Ring Subjected to Rashba Spin--Orbit Coupling

We investigate persistent charge and spin currents of a one-dimensional ring with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and connected asymmetrically to two external leads spanned with angle φo. Because of the asymmetry of the structure and the spin-reflection, the persistent charge and spin currents can be induced. The magnification of persistent currents can be obtained when tuning the energy of incident electron to the sharp zero and sharp resonance of transmission depending on the Aharonov-Casher （AC） phase due to the spin-orbit coupling and the angle spanned by two leads φo. The general dependence of the charge and spin persistent currents on these parameters is obtained. This suggests a possible method of controlling the magnitude and direction of persistent currents by tuning the AC phase and φo, without the electromagnetic flux though the ring.     

Magnetic Manipulation of Massless Dirac Fermions in Graphene Quantum Dot

We have theoretically analyzed the quasibound states in a Mraphene quantum dot （GO, D） with a magnetic flux -φ in the centre. It is shown that the two-fold time reversal degeneracy is broken and the quasibound states of GQD with positive~negative angular momentum shifted upwards/downwards with increasing the magnetic flux. The variation of the quasibound energy depends linearly on the magnetic flux, which is quite different from the parabolic relationship for SchrSdinger electrons. The GQD＇s quasibound states spectrum shows an obvious Aharonov-Bohm （AB） oscillations with the magnetic flux. It is also shown that the quasibound state with energy equal to the barrier height becomes a bound state completely confined in GQD.     

Effects of Induced Flux on Andreev Levels in a Quantum Point Contact Embedded in Superconducting Ring

We investigate the effects of flux induced by persistent current on the states of Andreev levels in a quantum point contact (QPC) embedded in a superconducting ring. The Andreev levels correspond to the bound states in the QPC created by multiple reflection at the boundaries. We self-consistently calculate the eigenstates and persistent current of such a system with different external fluxes threaded through the ring by using a tight-binding model with Bogoliubov-de Gennes potential. We show that the induced flux can significantly change the dependence of the Andreev levels and the persistent current on the external flux if the inductance of the system is large. By solving the time-dependent Schroedinger equation we obtain the dynamical behaviour of Andreev states in the presence of flux oscillations in the equivalent LC circuit.     

Transport of Spin-Polarized Current Through a Mesoscopic Ring with Two Leads Induced by Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher Phases

We study the transport of spin-polarized current induced by the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher phases in a mesoscopic ring with two leads in the presence of a cylindrically symmetric electric field and the magnetic flux at the centre of the same ring. An exact solution for the quantum transport is obtained. It is shown that the transport spin-polarized current and its polarizability can be controlled by the electric field and the magnetic flux as well.     

The persistent current in an Aharonov－Bohm ring with a side-coupled quantum dot

We have investigated the persistent current in a mesoscopic ring with a side-coupled quantum dot. The problems are probed by using the one-impurity Anderson Hamiltonian and are treated with the slave boson mean field theory. It is shown that the persistent current in this system has the spin fluctuations, and the charge transfers between the two subsystems are suppressed in the limit of Δ/T_K^0《1. The minimum value of the persistent current for ξ_K/L=5 of the odd parity system provides an opportunity to detect the Kondo screening cloud.     

Anomalous Kondo-Switching Effect of a Spin-Flip Quantum Dot Embedded in an Aharonov-Bohm Ring

We theoretically investigate the Kondo effect of a quantum dot embedded in a mesoscopic Aharonov-Bohm （AIR） ring in the presence of the spin flip processes by means of the one-impurity Anderson Hamiltonian. Based on the slave-boson mean-field theory, we find that in this system the persistent current （PC） sensitively depends on the parity and size of the AB ring and can be tuned by the spin-flip scattering （R）. In the small AB ring, the PC is suppressed due to the enhancing R weakening the Kondo resonance. On the contrary, in the large AB ring, with R increasing, the peak of PC firstly moves up to max-peak and then down. Especially, the PC phase shift of π appears suddenly with the proper value of R, implying the existence of the anomalous Kondo effect in this system. Thus this system may be a carldidate for quantum switch.     

Manipulation of Persistent Spin Helix States by Weak External Magnetic Fields

We study theoretically the effect of weak external magnetic fields on persistent spin helix states in semi- conductor two-dimensional electron gases with both Rashba and linear-in-momentum Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. We show that in the presence of weak external magnetic fields, some basic properties of a persistent spin helix state, including the dispersion relation between the decay time and the magnitude of the wavevector, the maximum decay time and the value of the characteristic magnitude of the wavevector at which the maximum decay time occurs, will all depend sensitively on the directions of applied external magnetic fields.     

The effect of k-cubic Dresselhaus spin–orbit coupling on the decay time of persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases

We study the theoretical effect of k-cubic （i.e, cubic-in-momentum） Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling on the decay time of persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases. We show that the decay time of persistent spin helix states may be suppressed substantially by k-cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling, and after taking the effect of k-cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction into account, the theoretical results obtained accord both qualitatively and quantitatively with other recent experimental results.     

Spectroscopy and coherent manipulation of single and coupled flux qubits

Measurements of three-junction flux qubits, both single flux qubits and coupled flux qubits, using a coupled direct current superconducting quantum interference device （dc-SQUID） for readout are reported. The measurement procedure is described in detail. We performed spectroscopy measurements and coherent manipulations of the qubit states on a single flux qubit, demonstrating quantum energy levels and Rabi oscillations, with Rabi oscillation decay time TRabi =- 78 ns and energy relaxation time T~ = 315 ns. We found that the value of TRabi depends strongly on the mutual inductance between the qubit and the magnetic coil. We also performed spectroscopy measurements on inductively coupled flux qubits.     

A brief review on μSR studies of unconventional Fe-and Cr-based superconductors

Muon spin relaxation/rotation(μSR) is a vital technique for probing the superconducting gap structure, pairing symmetry and time reversal symmetry breaking, enabling an understanding of the mechanisms behind the unconventional superconductivity of cuprates and Fe-based high-temperature superconductors, which remain a puzzle. Very recently double layered Fe-based superconductors having quasi-2 D crystal structures and Cr-based superconductors with a quasi-1D structure have drawn considerable attention. Here we present a brief review of the characteristics of a few selected Fe-and Cr-based superconducting materials and highlight some of the major outstanding problems, with an emphasis on the superconducting pairing symmetries of these materials. We focus on μSR studies of the newly discovered superconductors ACa_2Fe_4As_4F_2(A = K, Rb, and Cs), ThFeAsN, and A_2Cr_3As_3(A = K, Cs), which were used to determine the superconducting gap structures, the presence of spin fluctuations, and to search for time reversal symmetry breaking in the superconducting states. We also briefly discuss the results of μSR investigations of the superconductivity in hole and electron doped BaFe_2As_2.     

The Squeezing Effect in a Mesoscopic RLC Circuit

Using the path integral method we derive quantum wave function and quantum fluctuation of charge and current in the mesoscopic RLC circuit.We find that the quantum fluctuation of charge decreases with time,oppositely,the quantum fluctuation of current increases with time monotonously.Therefore there is a squeezing effect in the circuit.If some more charge devices are used in the mesoscopic-damped circuit,the quantum noise can be reduced.We also find that uncertainty relation of charge and current periodically varies with the period π/2 in the under-damped case.     

Quantum transport through two series Aharonov--Bohm interferometers with zero total magnetic flux

With the help of nonequilibrium Green's function technique, the electronic transport through series Aharonov--Bohm (AB) interferometers is investigated. We obtain the AB interference pattern of the transition probability characterized by the algebraic sum \phi and the difference \theta of two magnetic fluxes, and particularly a general rule of AB oscillation period depending on the ratio of integer quantum numbers of the fluxes. A parity effect is observed, showing the asymmetric AB oscillations with respect to the even and odd quantum numbers of the total flux in antiparallel AB interferometers. It is also shown that the AB flux can shift the Fano resonance peaks of the transmission spectrum.     

A time reversal damage imaging method for structure health monitoring using Lamb waves

This paper investigates the Lamb wave imaging method combining time reversal for health monitoring of a metal-lic plate structure.The temporal focusing effect of the time reversal Lamb waves is investigated theoretically.It demonstrates that the focusing effect is related to the frequency dependency of the time reversal operation.Numerical simulations are conducted to study the time reversal behaviour of Lamb wave modes under broadband and narrowband excitations.The results show that the reconstructed time reversed wave exhibits close similarity to the reversed nar-rowband tone burst signal validating the theoretical model.To enhance the similarity,the cycle number of the excited signal should be increased.Experiments combining finite element model are then conducted to study the imaging method in the presence of damage like hole in the plate structure.In this work,the time reversal technique is used for the recompression of Lamb wave signals.Damage imaging results with time reversal using broadband and narrowband excitations are compared to those without time reversal.It suggests that the narrowband excitation combined time reversal can locate and determine the size of structural damage more precisely,but the cycle number of the excited signal should be chosen reasonably.     

Transverse Propagation Characteristics and Coherent Effect of Gaussian Beams

As an important electromagnetic Held in experiment,Gaussian beams have non-vanishing longitudinal electric and magnetic components that generate significant energy fluxes on transverse directions.We focus on the transverse energy flux and derive the theoretical propagation properties.Unlike the longitudinal energy flux,the transverse energy flux has many unique physical behaviors,such as the odd symmetry on propagation,slower decay rate on resonant condition.By means of the characteristics of tr...     

Quantum Fluctuation of Mesoscopic Capacitance Coupled Circuit in a Thermal Vacuum State

The quantum fluctuations of mesoscopic capacitance-coupled circuit in thermal vacuum state are investigated by using the theory of thermal field dynamics on the basis of quantization of the mesoscopic circuit. It is shown that under a definite temperature, the fluctuations of electric charges and currents change with temperature. The higher the temperature, the more quantum noise the coupled circuit exhibits.     

Self—Organized Criticality Processes in HL—1M Tokamak Plasma

We study the dynamics of laminar time between successive bursts in anomalous particle flux measured at the HL-1M tokamak plasma edge.The results reveal that the flux fluctuations are self-similar in a narrow range of time scales and that their probability distribution function is not Gaussian.These properties are not consistent with those predicted by self-organized criticality(SOC)models as well as the running sand-pile SOC model developed by Hwa and Kardar.     

The Squeezing Effect in a Mesoscopic RLC Circuit

Using the path integral method we derive quantum wave function and quantum fluctuations of charge andcurrent in the mesoscopic RLC circuit. We find that the quantum fluctuation of charge decreases with time, oppositely,the quantum fluctuation of current increases with time monotonously. Therefore there is a squeezing effect in the circuit.If some more charge devices are used in the mesoscopic-damped circuit, the quantum noise can be reduced. We also findthat uncertainty relation of charge and current periodically varies with the period π/2 in the under-damped case.