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1.
5,20‐Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)‐[28]hexaphyrin was synthesized by acid catalyzed cross‐condensation of meso‐diaryl‐substituted tripyrrane and ethyl 2‐oxoacetate followed by subsequent oxidation. This hexaphyrin was found to be a stable 28π‐antiaromatic compound with a dumbbell‐like conformation. Upon oxidization with PbO2, this [28]hexaphyrin was converted into an aromatic [26]hexaphyrin with a rectangular shape bearing two ester groups at the edge side. The [28]hexaphyrin can incorporate two NiII or CuII metals by using the ester carbonyl groups and three pyrrolic nitrogen atoms to give bis‐NiII and bis‐CuII complexes with essentially the same dumbbell‐like structure. The antiaromatic properties of the [28]hexaphyrin and its metal complexes have been well characterized.  相似文献   

2.
An N‐confused phlorin isomer bearing a dipyrrin moiety at the α‐position of the confused pyrrole ring ( 1 ) was synthesized. PdII and BIII coordination at the peripheral prodigiosin‐like moiety of 1 afforded the corresponding complexes 2 and 3 . Reflux of 2 in triethylamine (TEA) converted the meso‐phenyl into the PdII‐coordinating phenoxy group to afford 4 . Under the same reaction conditions, TEA was linked to the α‐position of the dipyrrin unit in 3 as an N,N‐diethylaminovinyl group to afford 5 . Furthermore, peripheral coordination of BIII in 3 and 5 improved the planarity of the phlorin macrocycle and thus facilitated the coordination of AgIII at the inner cavity to afford 3‐Ag and 5‐Ag , respectively. These results provide an effective approach for developing unique porphyrinoids through peripheral coordination.  相似文献   

3.
The development of a highly efficient and practical protocol for the direct C?N coupling of H‐tetrazole and boronic acid was presented. A careful and patient optimization of a variety of reaction parameters revealed that this conventionally challenge reaction could indeed proceed efficiently in a very simple system, that is, just by stirring the tetrazoles and boronic acids under oxygen in the presence of different CuI or CuII salts with only 5 mol % loading in DMSO at 100 °C. Most significantly, the reaction could proceed very smoothly in a regiospecific manner to afford the 2,5‐disubstituted tetrazoles in high to excellent yields. A mechanistic study revealed that both tetrazole and DMSO are crucial for the generation of catalytically active copper species in the reaction process in addition to their role as reactant and solvent, respectively. It is demonstrated that in the reaction cycle, the CuI catalyst could be oxidized to CuII by oxygen to form a [CuT2D] complex (T=tetrazole anion; D=DMSO) through an oxidative copper amination reaction. The CuII complex thus formed was confirmed to be the real catalytically active copper species. Namely, the CuII complex disproportionates to aryl CuIII and CuI in the presence of boronic acid. Facile elimination of the CuIII species delivers the C?N‐coupled product. The results presented herein not only provide a reliable and efficient protocol for the synthesis of 2,5‐disubstituted tetrazoles, but most importantly, the mechanistic results would have broad implications for the de novo design and development of new methods for Cu‐catalyzed coupling reactions.  相似文献   

4.
[26]Hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1) bearing two 5‐formyl‐2‐pyrrolyl groups at the 5‐ and 20‐positions was prepared by cross‐condensation of 5,10‐bis(pentafluorophenyl)‐substituted tripyrrane with 2,5‐diformylpyrrole as an effective binuclear metal‐coordinating ligand, owing to the two hemiporphyrin‐like NNNN pockets. In fact, metalation of this hexaphyrin with ZnII, CuII, and PdII salts proceed smoothly at room temperature to give the corresponding bismetal complexes that displayed remarkably redshifted absorption spectra reaching deep into near infrared region. These redshifted absorption bands are ascribed, through electrochemical investigations and DFT calculations, to two structural motifs: the N‐metalopyrrole substructure that elevates the HOMO level due to the electron‐donating property and the two coordinated metal ions that serve as Lewis acids to lower the LUMO level.  相似文献   

5.
The synthesis and the structures of (i) the ligand N,N‐Diethyl‐N′‐3,5‐di(trifluoromethyl)benzoylthiourea HEt2dtfmbtu and (ii) the NiII and PdII complexes of HEt2dtfmbtu are reported. The ligand coordinates bidendate forming bis chelates. The NiII and the PdII complexes are isostructural. The also prepared CuII complex could not be characterized by X‐ray analysis. However, the preparation of diamagnetically diluted powders Cu/Ni(Et2dtfmbtu)2 and Cu/Pd(Et2dtfmbtu)2 suitable for EPR studies was successful. The EPR spectra of the Cu/Ni and Cu/Pd systems show noticeable differences for the symmetry of the CuS2O2 unit in both complexes: the Cu/Pd system is characterized by axially‐symmetric g< and A cu tensors; for the Cu/Ni system g and A Cu have rhombic symmetry. EPR studies on frozen solutions of the CuII complex show the presence of a CuII‐CuII dimer which is the first observed for CuII acylthioureato complexes up to now. The parameters of the fine structure tensor were used for the estimation of the CuII‐CuII distance.  相似文献   

6.
The four expanded p‐benziporphyrins A,C‐di‐p‐benzi[24]pentaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1), N‐fused A‐p‐benzi[24]pentaphyrin, A,D ‐di‐p‐benzi[28]hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1), and A,C‐di‐p‐benzi[28]hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1) were obtained in three‐component Lindsey‐type macrocyclizations. These compounds were explored as macrocyclic ligands and as potential aromaticity switches. A BODIPY‐like difluoroboron complex was obtained from the A,C‐di‐p‐benzi[24]pentaphyrin, whereas A,C‐di‐p‐benzi[28]hexaphyrin yielded a Möbius‐aromatic PdII complex containing fused pyrrole and phenylene subunits. Conformational behavior, tautomerism, and acid‐base chemistry of the new macrocycles were characterized by means of NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Free base N‐fused A‐p‐benzi[24]pentaphyrin showed temperature‐dependent Hückel–Möbius aromaticity switching, whereas the A,C‐di‐p‐benzi[28]hexaphyrin formed a Möbius‐aromatic dication.  相似文献   

7.
Metal Complexes of Naphthyl‐substituted Thiourea Derivatives The thiourea derivative N, N‐diethyl‐N′‐2‐naphthoylthiourea ( 1 ) and three N‐(dialkylaminothiocarbonyl)‐N′‐(1‐naphthyl)‐arylamidines ( 2 ‐ 4 ) have been synthesized and CuII‐, NiII‐ and PdII‐complexes of them have been prepared. According to the X‐ray structure analyses 1 with CuII and NiII under deprotonation forms neutral bis‐chelates of nearly square‐planar coordination with a cis arrangement of the O and S ligator atoms. Using their N and S atoms in 1, 3 position as ligators, 2 ‐ 4 in deprotonated form coordinate to CuII and PdII as neutral bis‐chelates, in the case of CuII with a distorted tetrahedral coordination. PdII is coordinated square planar and has, probably due to the spatial influence of the 1‐naphthyl groups, a trans arrangement of the N and S ligator atoms.  相似文献   

8.
The title compound, [Cu4Cl6O(C5H9N3)3(NH3)], is a neutral conformationally chiral cluster which crystallizes under the conditions described in this paper as a racemic conglomerate. It contains four CuII atoms in a tetrahedral coordination with a central O atom lying on a crystallographic threefold axis. Six chloride anions bridge the four CuII atoms. Three CuII atoms are bound by an N atom of a monodentate 1,4,6‐triazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct‐4‐ene (Htbo) ligand and the remaining CuII atom is bound by a terminal ammine ligand. The geometry at each copper center is trigonal bipyramidal, produced by the bound N atom of Htbo or ammonia, the O atom in the axial position, and three chloride ions in the equatorial plane. The chloride anions form an octahedron about the oxygen center. The copper–ammonia bond lies along the crystallographic threefold axis, along which the molecules are packed in a polar head‐to‐tail fashion.  相似文献   

9.
Synthesis, Structures, NMR and EPR Investigations of Binuclear Bis(N,N,N‴,N‴‐tetraisobutyl‐N′,N″‐isophthaloylbis(selenoureato)) Complexes of NiII and CuII The synthesis of binuclear CuII and NiII complexes of the quadridentate ligand N,N,N‴,N‴‐tetraisobutyl‐N′,N″‐isophthaloylbis(selenourea) and their crystal structures are reported. The complexes crystallize monoclinic, P21/c (Z = 2). In the EPR spectra of the binuclear CuII complex exchange‐coupled CuII‐CuII pairs were observed. In addition the signals of a mononuclear CuII species are observed what will be explained with the assumption of an equilibrium between the binuclear CuII‐complex (CuII‐CuII pairs) and oligomeric complexes with “isolated” CuII ions. Detailed 13C and 77Se NMR investigations on the ligand and the NiII complex allow an exact assignment of all signals of the heteroatoms.  相似文献   

10.
Ruthenium(II) π‐coordination onto [28]hexaphyrins(1.1.1.1.1.1) has been accomplished. Reactions of bis‐AuIII and mono‐AuIII complexes of hexakis(pentafluorophenyl) [28]hexaphyrin with [RuCl2(p‐cymene)]2 in the presence of NaOAc gave the corresponding π‐ruthenium complexes, in which the [(p‐cymene)Ru]II fragment sat on the deprotonated side pyrrole. A similar reaction of the bis‐PdII [26]hexaphyrin complex afforded a triple‐decker complex, in which the two [(p‐cymene)Ru]II fragments sat on both sides of the center of the [26]hexaphyrin framework.  相似文献   

11.
The four azole rings place structural restrictions on ascidiacyclamide (ASC). As a result, the structure of ASC exists in an equilibrium between two major forms (i.e. folded and square). [d ‐βVal3,7]Ascidiacyclamide (βASC) was synthesized by replacing two d ‐Val‐Thz (Val is valine and Thz is thiazole) blocks with d ‐β‐Valine (D‐βVal‐Thz). This modification expands the peptide ring; the original 24‐membered macrocycle of ASC becomes a 26‐membered ring. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra showed that, in solution, the structural equilibrium is maintained with βASC, but the folded form is dominant. A copper complex was prepared, namely [[d ‐βVal3,7]ascidiacyclamide(2?)]aqua‐μ‐carbonato‐dicopper(II) monohydrate, [Cu2(C38H54N8O6S2)(CO3)(H2O)]·H2O, to determine the effect of the change in ring size on the coordinated structure. The obtained bis‐CuII–βASC complex contains two water molecules and a carbonate anion. Two CuII ions are chelated by three N‐donor atoms of two Thz–Ile–Oxz (Ile is isoleucine and Oxz is oxazoline) units. An O atom of the carbonate anion bridges two CuII ions, forming two square pyramids. These features are similar to the previously reported structure of the CuII–ASC complex, but the two pyramids are enveloped inside the peptide and share one apex. In the CuII–ASC complex, the apex of each square pyramid is an O atom of a water molecule, and the two pyramids are oriented toward the outside of the peptide. The incorporated β‐amino acids of βASC make the space inside the peptide large enough to envelop the two square pyramids. The observed structural changes in the bis‐CuII–βASC complex arising from ring expansion are particularly interesting in the context of the previously reported structure of the CuII–ASC complex.  相似文献   

12.
In the title complex, poly[copper(II)‐di‐μ2‐thio­cyanato‐μ2‐1,4‐bis­(1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐ylmeth­yl)benzene], [Cu(NCS)2(C12H12N6)]n, the CuII atom lies on an inversion centre in a tetra­gonally distorted octa­hedral environment. Four N atoms from thio­cyanate and 1,4‐bis­(1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐ylmeth­yl)benzene (bbtz) ligands fill the equatorial positions, and S atoms from symmetry‐related thio­cyanate ligands fill the axial positions. The benzene ring of the bbtz ligand lies about an inversion centre. Single thio­cyanate bridges link the CuII atoms into two‐dimensional sheets containing an unprecedented 16‐membered [Cu4(μ‐NCS‐N:S)4] ring. The bbtz ligands further link the two‐dimensional sheets into a three‐dimensional network.  相似文献   

13.
The CuII ion in the title complex, [Cu(C5H10NO3)2] or [Cu(He‐ala)2] [He‐ala = N‐(2‐hydroxy­ethyl)‐β‐alaninate], resides at the inversion centre of a square bipyramid comprised of two facially arranged tridentate He‐ala ligands. Each He‐ala ligand binds to a CuII ion by forming one six‐membered β‐alaninate chelate ring in a twist conformation and one five‐membered ethanol­amine ring in an envelope conformation, with Cu—N = 2.017 (2) Å, Cu—OCOO = 1.968 (1) Å and Cu—OOH = 2.473 (2) Å. The [Cu(He‐ala)2] mol­ecules are involved in a network of O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to the (10) plane. The layers are connected into a three‐dimensional structure by van der Waals inter­actions, so that the mol­ecular centres form pseudo‐face‐centered close packing.  相似文献   

14.
In the title compound, [CuCl2(C9H12N2O)], the CuII atom is coordinated by two Cl anions and two N atoms of one O‐ethyl 3‐methyl­pyridine‐2‐carboximidic acid mol­ecule in a slightly distorted square‐planar geometry, with Cu—N distances of 2.0483 (17) and 1.9404 (18) Å, and Cu—Cl distances of 2.2805 (10) and 2.2275 (14) Å. In addition, each CuII atom is connected by one Cl anion and the CuII atom from a neighbouring mol­ecule, with Cu⋯Cl and Cu⋯Cu distances of 2.9098 (13) and 3.4022 (12) Å, respectively, and, therefore, a centrosymmetric dimer is formed. Adjacent mol­ecular dimers are connected by π–π stacking inter­actions between pyridine rings to form a zigzag mol­ecular chain. The mol­ecular chains are also enforced by N—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯Cl inter­actions.  相似文献   

15.
A thermally irreversible dithienylethene (DTE) photochrom can be turned into a thermally reversible one in presence of CuII triflate. A ring opening (DTEC closed→DTEO open) occurs through the formation of a copper‐containing fast transient intermediate. Stopped‐flow experiments monitored at 410 and 780 nm have allowed to show that the stoichiometry of this intermediate is DTE/Cu=1:1. At longer monitoring times (i.e., several seconds after mixing), the intermediate undergoes a slow decay while the residual DTEC closed form opens. A joint detailed kinetic and electrochemical analysis has unveiled a proton catalysis scenario in which electron transfer between DTEC and CuII, ligand exchange, protonation‐deprotonation equilibria of the cation radicals and ring opening are embedded into two main reaction cycles. At the beginning of the reaction, CuII is reduced into CuI and DTE is degraded without ring opening. Then, as the reaction progresses, the triflic acid released from the CuII reduction switches‐on a propagation cycle during which ring opens without any more CuII consumption. Cyclic voltammetry, spectro‐electrochemical measurements, delayed photocoloration experiments in presence of CuII and acid–base additions have confirmed the main features of the proton catalysis.  相似文献   

16.
In the title compound, [Cu(C6F5COO)2(C4H4N2)]n, (I), the asymmetric unit contains one CuII cation, two anionic pentafluorobenzoate ligands and one pyrazine ligand. Each CuII centre is five‐coordinated by three O atoms from three independent pentafluorobenzoate anions, as well as by two N atoms from two pyrazine ligands, giving rise to an approximately square‐pyramidal coordination geometry. Adjacent CuII cations are bridged by a pyrazine ligand and two pentafluorobenzoate anions to give a two‐dimensional layer. The layers are stacked to generate a three‐dimensional supramolecular architecture via strong intermolecular C—H...F—C interactions, as indicated by the F...H distance of 2.38 Å.  相似文献   

17.
The title compound, [Cu(C9H5N2O3)2(C2H6OS)2], consists of octahedrally coordinated CuII ions, with the 3‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydroquinoxaline‐2‐carboxylate ligands acting in a bidentate manner [Cu—O = 1.9116 (14) Å and Cu—N = 2.1191 (16) Å] and a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) molecule coordinated axially via the O atom [Cu—O = 2.336 (5) and 2.418 (7) Å for the major and minor disorder components, respectively]. The whole DMSO molecule exhibits positional disorder [0.62 (1):0.38 (1)]. The octahedron around the CuII atom, which lies on an inversion centre, is elongated in the axial direction, exhibiting a Jahn–Teller effect. The ligand exhibits tautomerization by H‐atom transfer from the hydroxyl group at position 3 to the N atom at position 4 of the quinoxaline ring of the ligand. The complex molecules are linked through an intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond [N...O = 2.838 (2) Å] formed between the quinoxaline NH group and a carboxylate O atom, and by a weak intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bond [3.392 (11) Å] formed between a carboxylate O atom and a methyl C atom of the DMSO ligand. There is a weak intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bond [3.065 (3) Å] formed between a benzene CH group and a carboxylate O atom.  相似文献   

18.
The study reports the synthesis of complexes Co(HL)Cl2 ( 1 ), Ni(HL)Cl2 ( 2 ), Cu(HL)Cl2 ( 3 ), and Zn(HL)3Cl2 ( 4 ) with the title ligand, 5‐(pyrazin‐2‐yl)‐1,2,4‐triazole‐5‐thione (HL), and their characterization by elemental analyses, ESI‐MS (m/z), FT‐IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, as well as EPR in the case of the CuII complex. The comparative analysis of IR spectra of the metal ion complexes with HL and HL alone indicated that the metal ions in 1 , 2 , and 3 are chelated by two nitrogen atoms, N(4) of pyrazine and N(5) of triazole in the thiol tautomeric form, whereas the ZnII ion in 4 is coordinated by the non‐protonated N(2) nitrogen atom of triazole in the thione form. pH potentiometry and UV/Vis spectroscopy were used to examine CoII, NiII, and ZnII complexes in 10/90 (v/v) DMSO/water solution, whereas the CuII complex was examined in 40/60 (v/v) DMSO/water solution. Monodeprotonation of the thione triazole in solution enables the formation of the L:M = 1:1 species with CoII, NiII and ZnII, the 2:1 species with CoII and ZnII, and the 3:1 species with ZnII. A distorted tetrahedral arrangement of the CuII complex was suggested on the basis of EPR and Vis/NIR spectra.  相似文献   

19.
Single crystals of the FeII metal‐organic framework (MOF) with 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylate (BTC) as a linker were solvothermally obtained under air‐free conditions. X‐ray diffraction analysis of the crystals demonstrated a structure for FeII‐MOF analogous to that of [Cu3(BTC)2] (HKUST‐1). Unlike HKUST‐1, however, the FeII‐MOF did not retain permanent porosity after exchange of guest molecules. The Mössbauer spectrum of the FeII‐MOF was recorded at 80 K in zero field yielding an apparent quadrupole splitting of ΔEQ = 2.43 mm · s–1, and an isomer shift of δ = 1.20 mm · s–1, consistent with high‐spin central iron(II) atoms. Air exposure of the FeII‐MOF was found to result in oxidation of the metal atoms to afford FeIII. These results demonstrate that FeII‐based MOFs can be prepared in similar fashion to the [Cu3(BTC)2], but that they lack permanent porosity when degassed.  相似文献   

20.
Synthesis, Structure and EPR Investigations of binuclear Bis(N,N,N?,N?‐tetraisobutyl‐N′,N″‐isophthaloylbis(thioureato)) Complexes of CuII, NiII, ZnII, CdII and PdII The synthesis of binuclear CuII‐, NiII‐, ZnII‐, CdII‐ and PdII‐complexes of the quadridentate ligand N,N,N?,N?‐tetraisobutyl‐N′,N″‐isophthaloylbis(thiourea) and the crystal structures of the CuII‐ and NiII‐complexes are reported. The CuII‐complex crystallizes in two polymorphic modifications: triclinic, (Z = 1) and monoclinic, P21/c (Z = 2). The NiII‐complex was found to be isostructural with the triclinic modification of the copper complex. The also prepared PdII‐, ZnII‐ and CdII‐complexes could not be characterized by X‐ray analysis. However, EPR studies of diamagnetically diluted CuII/PdII‐ and CuII/ZnII‐powders show axially‐symmetric g and A Cu tensors suggesting a nearly planar co‐ordination within the binuclear host complexes. Diamagnetically diluted CuII/CdII powder samples could not be prepared. In the EPR spectra of the pure binuclear CuII‐complex exchange‐coupled CuII‐CuII pairs were observed. According to the large CuII‐CuII distance of about 7,50Å a small fine structure parameter D = 26·10?4 cm?1 is observed; T‐dependent EPR measurements down to 5 K reveal small antiferromagnetic interactions for the CuII‐CuII dimer. Besides of the dimer in the EPR spectra the signals of a mononuclear CuII species are observed whose concentration is T‐dependent. This observation can be explained assuming an equilibrium between the binuclear CuII‐complex (CuII‐CuII pairs) and oligomeric complexes with “isolated” CuII ions.  相似文献   

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