Simultaneous approximation problems of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic numbers and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic knapsack cryptosystems - Alice in <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic numberland

In this paper we construct the multi-dimensional p-adic approximation lattices by using simultaneous approximation problems (SAP) of p-adic numbers and we estimate the l _∞ norm of the p-adic SAP solutions theoretically by applying Dirichlet’s principle and numerically by using the LLL algorithm. By using the SAP solutions as private keys, the security of which depends on NP-hardness of SAP or the shortest vector problems (SVP) of p-adic lattices, we propose a p-adic knapsack cryptosystem with commitment schemes, in which the sender Alice prepares ciphertexts and the verification keys in her p-adic numberland.     

Pseudodifferential <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic vector fields and pseudodifferentiation of a composite <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic function

We discuss transformation of p-adic pseudodifferential operators (in the one-dimensional and multidimensional cases) with respect to p-adic maps which correspond to automorphisms of the tree of balls in the corresponding p-adic spaces. In the dimension one we find a rule of transformation for pseudodifferential operators. In particular we find the formula of pseudodifferentiation of a composite function with respect to the Vladimirov p-adic fractional operator. We describe the frame of wavelets for the group of parabolic automorphisms of the tree T (O _p ) of balls in O _p . In many dimensions we introduce the group of mod p-affine transformations, the family of pseudodifferential operators corresponding to pseudodifferentiation along vector fields on the tree T (O _p ) and obtain a rule of transformation of the introduced pseudodifferential operators with respect to mod p-affine transformations.     

Conductors in <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic families

Let the function \(s_g\) map a positive integer to the sum of its digits in the base g. A number k is called n-flimsy in the base g if \(s_g(nk)<s_g(k)\). Clearly, given a base g, \(g\geqslant 2\), if n is a power of g, then there does not exist an n-flimsy number in the base g. We give a constructive proof of the existence of an n-flimsy number in the base g for all the other values of n (such an existence follows from the results of Schmidt and Steiner, but the explicit construction is a novelty). Our algorithm for construction of such a number, say k, is very flexible in the sense that, by easy modifications, we can impose further requirements on k—k ends with a given sequence of digits, k begins with a given sequence of digits, k is divisible by a given number (or belongs to a certain congruence class modulo a given number), etc.     

On Shalika models and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-functions

We use modular symbols to construct p-adic L-functions for cohomological cuspidal automorphic representations on GL(2n), which admit a Shalika model. Our construction differs from former ones in that it systematically makes use of the representation theory of p-adic groups.     

Upper triangular operators and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-functions

For a newform f for Γ₀(N) of even weight k supersingular at a prime p ≥ 5, by using infinite dimensional p-adic analysis, we prove that the p-adic L-function L _p (f,α; χ) has finite order of vanishing at any character of the form [(c)\tilde] _s ( x ) = x^s\tilde \chi _s \left( x \right) = x^s. In particular, under the natural embedding of ℤ _p in the group of ℂ* _p -valued continuous characters of ℤ* _p , the order of vanishing at any point is finite.     

Nonlocal dynamics of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic strings

We consider the construction of Lagrangians that might be suitable for describing the entire p-adic sector of an adelic open scalar string. These Lagrangians are constructed using the Lagrangian for p-adic strings with an arbitrary prime number p. They contain space-time nonlocality because of the d’Alembertian in the argument of the Riemann zeta function. We present a brief review and some new results.     

On eigenvalues of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic curvature

We study the eigenvalues of the p-adic curvature transformationson buildings. In particular, we determine the maximal eigenvalues ofthese transformations.     

Picard values of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic meromorphic functions

We investigate Picard-Hayman behavior of derivatives of meromorphic functions on an algebraically closed field K, complete with respect to a non-trivial ultrametric absolute value. We present an analogue of the well-known Hayman’s alternative theorem both in K and in any open disk. Here the main hypothesis is based on the behaviour of |f|(r) when r tends to +∞ on properties of special values and quasi-exceptional values.We apply this study to give some sufficient conditions on meromorphic functions so that they satisfy Hayman’s conjectures for n = 1and for n = 2. Given a meromorphic transcendental function f, at least one of the two functions f′f and f′f ² assumes all non-zero values infinitely often. Further, we establish that if the sequence of residues at simple poles of a meromorphic transcendental function on K admits no infinite stationary subsequence, then either f′ + af ² has infinitely many zeros that are not zeros of f for every a ∈ K* or both f′ + bf ³ and f′ + bf ⁴ have infinitely many zeros that are not zeros of f for all b ∈ K*. Most of results have a similar version for unbounded meromorphic functions inside an open disk.     

The classification of irreducible admissible mod <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> representations of a <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic GL<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Subscript>

Let F be a finite extension of ℚ _p . Using the mod p Satake transform, we define what it means for an irreducible admissible smooth representation of an F-split p-adic reductive group over  [`( \mathbbF)]<sub>p</sub>\overline{ \mathbb{F}}_{p} to be supersingular. We then give the classification of irreducible admissible smooth GL <sub>n</sub> (F)-representations over  [`( \mathbbF)]_p\overline{ \mathbb{F}}_{p} in terms of supersingular representations. As a consequence we deduce that supersingular is the same as supercuspidal. These results generalise the work of Barthel–Livné for n=2. For general split reductive groups we obtain similar results under stronger hypotheses.     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic order of some fibonomial coefficients whose entries are powers of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>

Let (F _n ) _n≥0 be the Fibonacci sequence. For 1 ≤ k ≤ m, the Fibonomial coefficient is defined as

$${\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} m \\ k \end{array}} \right]_F} = \frac{{{F_{m - k + 1}} \cdots {F_{m - 1}}{F_m}}}{{{F_1} \cdots {F_k}}}$$

. In 2013, Marques, Sellers and Trojovský proved that if p is a prime number such that p ≡ ±2 (mod 5), then \(p{\left| {\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{p^{a + 1}}} \\ {{p^a}} \end{array}} \right]} \right._F}\) for all integers a ≥ 1. In 2015, Marques and Trojovský worked on the p-adic order of \({\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{p^{a + 1}}} \\ {{p^a}} \end{array}} \right]_F}\) for all a ≥ 1 when p ≠ 5. In this paper, we shall provide the exact p-adic order of \({\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{p^{a + 1}}} \\ {{p^a}} \end{array}} \right]_F}\) for all integers a, b ≥ 1 and for all prime number p.

     

Multidimensional Hausdorff operator on <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic field

p-Adic analogs of Hausdorff operator are introduced. Sufficient conditions of its boundedness in p-adic Hardy and BMO spaces are given. The Titchmarsh-type theorem about commuting relations between Hausdorff operator, its conjugate and p-adic Fourier transform is established.     

Classification of three-dimensional solvable <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic Leibniz algebras

The present paper is devoted to the study of low dimensional Leibniz algebras over the field of p-adic numbers. The classification up to isomorphism of three-dimensional Lie algebras over the integer p-adic numbers is already known [8]. Here, we extend this classification to solvable Lie and non-Lie Leibniz algebras over the field of p-adic numbers.     

Ergodic polynomials on subsets of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic integers

We establish results concerning ergodicity on compact subsets of Z _p and study ergodicity of polynomials on subsets of Z₂ and Z₃.     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic sector of the adelic string

We study the construction of Lagrangians that can be considered the Lagrangians of the p-adic sector of an adelic open scalar string. Such Lagrangians are closely related to the Lagrangian for a single p-adic string and contain the Riemann zeta function with the d’Alembertian in its argument. In particular, we present a new Lagrangian obtained by an additive approach that combines all p-adic Lagrangians. This new Lagrangian is attractive because it is an analytic function of the d’Alembertian. Investigating the field theory with the Riemann zeta function is also interesting in itself.     

Construction of a set of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic distributions

Adapting some methods for real-valued Gibbs measures on Cayley trees to the p-adic case, we construct several p-adic distributions on the set ?_p of p-adic integers. In addition, we give conditions under which these p-adic distributions become p-adic measures (i.e., bounded distributions).     

Zeta functions of three-dimensional <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic Lie algebras

We give an explicit formula for the subalgebra zeta function of a general three-dimensional Lie algebra over the p-adic integers . To this end, we associate to such a Lie algebra a ternary quadratic form over . The formula for the zeta function is given in terms of Igusa’s local zeta function associated to this form. We acknowledge support from the Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach and the Nuffield Foundation.     

Two variable <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis> functions attached to eigenfamilies of positive slope

Consider a classical cusp eigenform f= _n=1 a _n (f)q ⁿ of weight k2 for ₀(N) with a Dirichlet character mod N, and let L _f (s,)= _n=1 (n)a _n (f)n ^-s denote the L-function of f twisted with an arbitrary Dirichlet character . For a prime number p5, consider a family of cusp eigenforms f _(k) of weight k , k {f _(k)= _n=1 a _n (f _(k))q ⁿ } containing f=f _(k), such that the Fourier coefficients a _n (f _(k)) are given by certain p-adic analytic functions k a _n (f _(k)). The purpose of this paper is to construct a two variable p-adic L function attached to Colemans family {f _(k)} of cusp eigenforms of a fixed positive slope =v _p ( _p )>0 where _p = _p (k ) is an eigenvalue (which depends on k ) of the Atkin operator U=U _p . Our p-adic L-function interpolates the special values L _f(k)(s,) at points (s,k ) with s=1,2,...,k -1. We give a construction using the Rankin-Selberg method and the theory of p-adic integration on a profinite group Y with values in an affinoid K-algebra A, where K is a fixed finite extension of Q _p . Our p-adic L-functions are p-adic Mellin transforms of certain A-valued measures. In their turn, such measures come from Eisenstein distributions with values in certain Banach A-modules M =M (N;A) of families of overconvergent forms over A. To Robert Alexander Rankin in memoriam     

Blow-up phenomena for <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic semilinear heat equations

The problem of existence of solutions to p-adic semilinear heat equations with particular nonlinear terms has already been studied in the literature but the occurrence of blow-up phenomena has not been considered yet. We initiate the study of finite time blow-up for solutions of this kind of p-adic semilinear equations, proving that this phenomenon always arises under appropriate assumptions in the case when the exponent of nonlinearity times the dimension is strictly less than the order of the operator.     

Multidimensional <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic wavelets for the deformed metric

The approach to p-adic wavelet theory from the point of view of representation theory is discussed. p-Adic wavelet frames can be constructed as orbits of some p-adic groups of transformations. These groups are automorphisms of the tree of balls in the p-adic space. In the present paper we consider deformations of the standard p-adic metric in many dimensions and construct some corresponding groups of transformations. We build several examples of p-adic wavelet bases. We show that the constructed wavelets are eigenvectors of some pseudodifferential operators.     

Simultaneous diophantine approximation in non-degenerate <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic manifolds

An S-arithmetic Khintchine-type theorem for products of non-degenerate analytic p-adic manifolds is proved for the convergence case. In the p-adic case the divergence part is also obtained.