新旧高中化学人教版教材的对比研究——以氯元素为例

对2版教材中氯元素知识点的编排与呈现方式进行了系统整理与比较,相同点是新旧教材对氯气的基本性质的内容编排基本一致,也都体现了宏观与符号表征的思维;不同点在于章节编排顺序,教材标题内容,氯气的物理性质,氯气的实验室制法,氯气与非金属单质反应的内容呈现,次氯酸的相关内容,氯气的用途,氯离子的检验以及对“卤素元素”的探讨。     

立体化“工作页式”活页教材的设计与开发*——以《药物检验技术》为例

本教材“以药物检验活动为导向,以药物检验技能为核心”重构学习内容,通过教材活页的灵活“拆装”重组实现教材应用“活页”化,将教学内容与岗位标准统一实现任务实施“工作页”化,把传统纸质教材与数字化资源结合实现资源“立体”化,同时将“以德树人、课程思政”有机融合到教材中,体现“重技尚艺崇德”,达到纸数融合、产教融合、理实融合、德技融合的目的,展示职教教材开发的新范式。     

支撑自主建构强化能力形成——韩国高中化学教材化学热力学内容编排的启示

化学热力学的相关知识对学生认识化学反应中的能量变化、理解化学反应方向与限度起着至关重要的作用,但一直是高中化学学习中的难点。教材的编排方式直接影响到学生的学习难度和教师的有效教学。韩国高中化学教材化学热力学知识编排运用多种直观呈现方式,降低学习内容的抽象性;依据学生认知特点层层递进呈现知识,从而降低学习难度;运用实验教学、渗透STS教育等方式培养学生科学探究能力和知识运用能力。这些特点都值得我国高中化学教材借鉴。     

国内外物理化学教材“界面与胶体化学”部分内容的比较研究

以物理化学教材中界面化学与胶体化学的内容编写为研究对象,详细比较了不同版本中英文教材中对该部分知识的概念表述、内容取舍、编排方式等,其中中文教材按照学科类别(如理科版、工科版、农林版等)和同一主编不同版本两种方式进行了比较,英文版物理化学教材比较了五个版本,其中对Atkins主编的教材进行了三个版次的分析。追溯、剖析了该部分内容编写方式的差异和演进变化,为相关学科的教材编写和课堂教学提供参考。     

基于宏微辨析核心素养分析高中《化学1(必修)》教材*

教材分析是连接教材和课程的桥梁,基于宏观辨识和微观探析核心素养,比较分析了2004年版和2019年版高中《化学1(必修)》教材的特点。通过运用“三序结合”原则,从静态视角对比教材栏目设置、内容组织形式、核心素养呈现方式、学生认知水平以及作业布置形式等5个维度要素在宏微辨析核心素养领域的建构。分析结果显示,2019年版《化学1(必修)》教材在以上要素方面均围绕宏微辨析核心素养,呈现不同水平阶梯型设置。建议在“宏微符”概念形成的过程中增设更为细致的过渡内容,以及更为详尽的与教材配套的辅助内容,便于教材的二次开发。     

香港麦美伦版与大陆课标版化学教材比较研究——以“氮及其化合物”内容为例

通过对香港麦美伦版和大陆高中课程标准人教版、鲁科版、苏教版4种教材“氮及其化合物”相关内容的比较,从教材的目标纬度、内容纬度、呈现方式纬度、实验纬度、习题纬度等方面分析了4种教材各自的编写特点,以期为两地的新课程教材改革提供借鉴和参考。     

基于立体化教材建设的高职生物药物分离技术课程改革与实践*

确定加强一体化设计、加强理论指导、发掘思政元素和全员共建资源的改革思路。建设由纸介教材和信息化教学资源组成的立体化教材,基于立体化教材建设SPOC,采用线上线下混合式教学模式,围绕课前导学、课中内化和课后强化等3个信息化教学环节,系统地构建培养高素质技能型人才的路径。同时重视教学反馈,持续更新立体化教材内容和改进教学方法,实现教学相长,为“三教”改革提供一定的借鉴。     

紧跟时代步伐建设高水平的物理化学教材

回顾了南开大学化学学院物理化学课程组紧跟时代步伐建设高水平物理化学教材的历程。不断将科研、教学研究、教学改革成果及思政建设融入教材。编著出版的物理化学教材获2009年国家級教学成果一等奖,2021年天津市高校课程思政优秀教材。继续发扬南开化学优良传统,将物理化学教材建设代代相传。     

试论初中化学教材中实验内容的处理艺术

教材的处理,指教师依据国家课程标准对现有教科书内容体系进行适度调整和加工,通过合理选用和开发新的课程资源,使教材更好地发挥应有作用,有效推进课程改革的一种创造性活动。教学设计中,教师可以采用推进式、发散性、趣味性、简约化等多种方式对教材中的实验内容进行科学化、艺术化的处理。     

国外化学教材建设的历史与现状

为了充分了解国外高等教育化学类教材建设情况，为我国化学教材建设提供借鉴依据，本文从化学外国教材中心的建设历史和建设内容出发，调研国外化学教材发展与现状，分析国外化学教材的建设情况、学科结构和教材技术特点等内容。揭示我国在进行国外化学教材建设过程中存在的问题，提出了推进国外教材建设的建议。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.