吉林大学高分子学科:惟实励新 笃行致远

吉林大学高分子学科创建于1958年,是吉林大学化学学科的重要分支。在64年的学科发展中,一代代吉大高分子人惟实励新、砥砺奋进,建设了具有理工融合特色的高分子专业,培养了大批高分子科学领域的优秀人才。回顾了吉大高分子学科的发展历程,重点介绍了吉大高分子学科在课程建设、人才培养、科学研究等方面的成就进展。在吉大化学70周年华诞之际,谨以此文致敬那些为吉大高分子学科发展做出贡献的校友、同仁和朋友们。     

吉林大学物理化学学科:笃学致远 润物无声

伴随建系而生的吉林大学物理化学学科是吉大化学学科的重要组成部分,在70年的发展中为整个化学学科的发展建设做出了重要贡献。吉大物化人一直坚持理论与实践并重的教育思想,培养了大批优秀人才。回顾了吉大物理化学学科的历史沿革,展现了吉林大学化学学院物理化学在课程和教材建设、科学研究和人才培养等方面所取得的成绩。在吉大化学70周年华诞之际,谨以此文向为吉大物化学科建设做出贡献的前辈致敬。     

吉林大学分析化学学科:薪火相传 服务社会

2022年是吉林大学化学学科创建70周年,分析化学作为吉林大学化学学科的重要分支学科始建于1952年。回顾了吉林大学分析化学学科的历史沿革和发展成就。一代代吉大分析化学人始终秉承“献身、创新、求实、协作”的科学精神,为国家培养了一大批优秀人才。谨以此文,敬献给为吉林大学分析化学学科发展做出贡献的校友和朋友们。     

前言

<正>物理无机化学是一门运用现代物理学的实验与理论方法研究无机化学问题的化学分支学科,包括理论无机化学、结构无机化学、无机化合物反应热力学和动力学以及反应机理等,主要研究无机化合物的反应、制备、结构性能以及有关规律.这一学科的起源可追溯至诺贝尔奖获得者J.H.van’t Hoff和S.Arrhenius(1903年),F.W.Ostwald(1900年)和配位化学创始者A.Werna(1901年)等的早期工作.物理化学的早期发展多以无机化合物为研究对象.无机化学早期也常被喻为狭义的物理化学.20世纪30年代前后,随着基础化学实践深入到原子、分子层次,在量子力学基础上分别建立了酸碱理论、价键理论、分子轨道理论、配位场理论.在近代物理技术的促进下,各种光谱、波谱、能谱和质谱等分析方法对于无机化学的发展起了巨大的促进作用,同时也推动了无机化学与其他化学学科的交叉融合,扩展了无机化学的研究领域,并最终形成了物理无机化学     

无机化学教材建设的传承、发展与创新

回顾了吉林大学无机化学学科教材建设的历史,从恢复高考招生制度后我国的第一部无机化学教材的编写,到该书第2版、第3版的修订,到配套的无机化学实验教材及无机化学习题集、无机化学习题解答的编写,处处凝结着无机化学教师们智慧的结晶,形成了厚重的历史积淀。随着新世纪的到来,顺应新时代要求、新兴的编者队伍在教学实践中成长壮大,编写出全新的无机化学教材。经过几代教师的努力,无机化学教材不断发展和完善,形成了多层次、系统性、立体化、高质量的精品无机化学教材体系,可满足不同层次、不同专业、不同教学计划的需求,在全国高校无机化学教学活动中发挥了重要作用。     

一本值得推荐的中级无机化学教材——《无机化学新兴领域导论》评介

无机化学历来是各类高等院校主修化学、生物学、医药学、农业科学、环境科学及地学等各类系科学生必读的一门基础课程,它是化学学科中最经典的分支学科之一。但是近四十年来,由于学科之间的相互交叉渗透,在无机化学和有机化学、生物化学、材料化学等毗邻学科之间,陆续产生了一些新的边缘学科,如生物无机化学、有机金属化学、原子簇化学和无机材料化学等学科,形成了一个又一个的新兴领域。实验测试手段的不断更新,现代物理方法、计算机及各种波谱技术     

首届国家教委高等学校优秀化学教材获奖名单(1976——1985)

一等奖书主编者出版社书主编者出版%t物理化学傅献彩陈瑞华定量化学分析简明教程普通化学分析化学彭崇慧等浙江大学墓础无机化学尹敬执申伴文华东化工成都科大北大高教J荡教教教高高物理化学实验有机化学实验复旦等兰州大学复旦大学高教高教有机化学无机化学挥魁宏大连工学院高教无机化学分析化学武大、吉大等 武大等高教l蕊教物理化学仪器分析天津大学朱l!月华高教l汽教二等奖高教物理化学简明教程无机化学高分子化学物质结构无机化学印永嘉李大珍!」‘,全若林尚安等潘道皑等北1)111大泛李高教有机化·’;介江苏科技 科学 高教 高教 物理…     

持续推进人才培养基地建设实现化学创新人才高质量培养

吉林大学化学学科自建立伊始,以创新型化学及相关交叉学科人才为根本目标,历经1993年开始的国家理科基础科学研究和教学人才培养基地建设、2009年开始的“基础学科拔尖学生培养试验计划”实施、2020年的“基础学科拔尖学生培养计划2.0基地”建设与基础学科招生改革试点(强基计划)的实施,通过近30年化学基地的持续建设,形成了具有吉大特色的以“厚基础、强能力、会创新”的化学创新人才培养模式。围绕基地持续建设过程中如何针对学科发展以及学生知识结构的变化,不断推进拔尖班、强基班的教学管理模式与课程体系建设,打造高水平师资队伍、加大优质课程建设、探索国家化培养模式等进行介绍。     

中山大学无机化学与材料研究所简介

中山大学无机化学与材料研究所组建于２００１年，隶属于中山大学化学与化学工程学院，其前身无机化学学科早在１９２４年孙中山先生创立中山大学时就是化学系的一部分。中山大学化学学科具有一级学科博士学位授予权，设有博士后流动站；中山大学无机化学学科是广东省重点学科，目前在科学研究和研究生培养方面在国内高校中有一定影响。研究所对基础研究和应用研究并重，立足于培养既掌握坚实基础理论知识、又有解决实际问题能力的人才。目前主要学术方向有：稀土与无机功能材料和纳米材料、功能金属配合物与晶体工程、过渡金属生物无机化学…     

全国第三届无机化学会议在南京召开(1985.10)

当前,无机化学进入了现代化的复兴时期,与其它学科渗透形成了许多新兴分支学科:物理无机化学、生物无机化学、有机金属化学、无机固体化学、宇宙化学等等。为了适应这一新形势和贯彻改革的精神,本届会议一改过去论文报告和展讲的形式,特邀请了物理化学、有机化学方面的学者就当前国内外无机化学发展的各个方面,作方向性、评     

充满生机和科学机遇的磷化学研究所

简要地综述了第十五届国际磷化学会议的报告内容，介绍了目前磷化学的主要 研究领域，包括不对称合成、配合化学，生物碱化学，药物化学，农业化学等相关 领域的研究动态及新进展。     

Novel arylpyridine‐based 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles: Synthesis,antibacterial, and anti‐inflammatory evaluation

In view of developing novel bioactive compounds, a series of 2‐(5‐[2‐methyl‐6‐arylpyridin‐3‐yl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐ylthio)‐1‐arylethanones (6a–n) were designed and synthesized in good yield. Novel compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. All synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bascillus subtilis, Eschericia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Compounds 6a , 6b , 6c , 6h , and 6i displayed the highest antibacterial activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 6.25–12.5 μg/mL in comparison with the standard Ciprofloxacin. The results of anti‐inflammatory activity of carrageenan‐induced footpad edema assay indicated that tested compounds exhibited remarkable anti‐inflammatory activity with percentage of inhibition of 63.9–70.1% (potency 96.8–106.20% of indomethacin activity) after 3 hr. Particularly, 6c – e and 6j – l were found to be excellent inhibitors of inflammation, with potential higher than that of the standard, Indomethacin.     

Exploring recent developments on 1,2,4-triazole: Synthesis and biological applications

Triazoles are nitrogen-bearing heterocycles. In the last few decades, researchers have focused on fused heterocycles, as they have better pharmacological effect compared to triazoles alone. Among the two isomers of triazole, this article aims to explore the work carried out on 1,2,4-triazole and N-bridged heterocycles derived from 1,2,4-triazole in last 18 years, highlight different synthetic pathways, and present a brief summary of the different biological activities possessed by 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The information collected in this article is expected to help researchers to discover novel therapeutic agents for better applications in the field of pharmaceutical science.     

Biologically inspired 3Fe4S cluster as structural mimics of FeMoco M-cluster

A 3Fe4S cluster related to M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase is reported. [K(THF)₅][Fe₃(μ-bdt)₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] ( 1 ) is synthesized from photo-assisted structural rearrangement of [K(THF)₂][(μ,κ²-bdt)Fe₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] under visible light irradiation. The molecular structure of 1 consists of a Fe₃ core bearing one dithiolate bridge and the second dithiolate group capping onto the metallic plane. The structural motif of 1 is analogous to that of Mo-participated 3Fe4S unit in M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase, with the similar Fe-Fe and Fe-S bond distances. Upon protonation in 193 K, a Fe-hydride species ( 1H ) is generated and characterized to possess the bridging hydride group (δ = −12.57 ppm) by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculation. In CH₃CN solution, complex 1 exhibits a reversible reduction and oxidation process at $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{red}}$ = −1.94 V and $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{ox}}$ = −0.18 V, respectively, at 273 K. The reduction behavior of 1 in CH₂Cl₂ solution at 243 K displays a slight modification in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid, revealing a moderate anodic potential shift (~50 mV). The current amplitude of the reduction wave is linearly increased with the increasement of acid added, indicative of the catalytic event.     

Novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives embedded with benzimidazole moiety as potent antioxidants

Fourteen novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives bearing benzimidazole moiety ( 7a-n ) have been synthesized using the one-pot nitro reductive cyclization method. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), ¹³C NMR, fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), mass spectrum, and elemental analyses. All the title compounds were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity. The free radical scavenging activity of the compounds was examined using DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide radical scavenging methods. The results demonstrated that compound 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-6-4-tolyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine ( 7c ) was potent in scavenging both DPPH and nitric oxide radical with IC₅₀ values of 13.57 and 18.55 μg/ml when compared to the standard with IC₅₀ values of 23.75 and 23.14 μg/ml, respectively, which was due to the presence of electron-donating groups. The activity was found to decline when electron-donating groups were replaced by electron-withdrawing groups. Moderate scavenging activity was observed for the superoxide radical. Structure activity relationship and physiochemical properties were studied for all the derivatives.     

Dual zinc catalysts for L‐lactide polymerization and reaction of CO2 with cyclohexene oxide

A series of zinc complexes, [ L ^X ZnEt] ( 1–5 ) and [ L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) , associated with NNO‐tridentate Schiff base ligands (2‐(((2‐((cyclohexyl[methyl]amino)methyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenolate (CAP) derivatives), were synthesized, and their activity toward ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of L‐lactide (LA) and the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide were also investigated. All of [ L ^X ZnEt] revealed excellent catalytic activity to ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of LA in the presence of benzyl alcohol. Among them, [ L ^H ZnEt] (1) showed the highest activity with 82% conversation within 45 s. In contrast, [L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) were inactive in ROP of L‐lactide. In addition, all of these Zn complexes demonstrated moderate activity in the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide in the presence of Bu₄NCl.     

环戊二烯类有机金属含硫族化学的新进展

本文系统地综述了环戊二烯类有机过渡金属含硫族(S, Se, Te) 化学领域的研究现状和进展。参考文献136 篇。     

化学学科的新视角及其在化学教育中的反映

传统化学以研究变化,关注变化前后的结果而著称。化学与其他学科,特别是生命科学的相互渗透使得化学的动态特征更加突出,化学学科格局也因之发生了变化。因此,化学需要新认识。     

Meeting the sustainable development goals in a tropical climate

This article reflects on the Federation of Asian Chemical Societies (FACS) Citation Award Lecture delivered in the Industrial Technology Research Institute Symposium on CO₂ Utilization and Green Technology during the 18th Asian Chemical Congress held in Taipei, December 12, 2019. Malaysia produces sizable amounts of palm oil and palm kernel oil, with palm fronds and tree trunks as the main waste. At the Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, the biomass was decomposed to produce fine chemicals, used as substrate for mushroom growth, and converted to bio-coke for heat energy. A notable difference has been found regarding the emission of greenhouse gases from a natural peat forest and those from the oil palm plantation converted from peatlands, where in the palm plantation, water table is lowered and aerobic processes occurs, resulting in more CO₂ being released compared to CH₄. The introduction of fertilizers to the plantation resulted in more N₂O being released. The team has also pioneered a project to plant temperate vegetables. Cooling pipes (16–18°C with circulating water cooled by chiller) were embedded within each thermal conditioning soil plot. Lettuce and radish, the experimental plants, showed good growth in the thermal conditioning soil due to nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which were destroyed at a higher temperature.     

The Chemistry of Protactinium

Protactinium exhibits an ambivalent chemical behavior. In non-aqueous solutions and in the solid state, both quadrivalent and quinquevalent protactinium has properties which characterize it as a typical actinide element. On the other hand, investigations in aqueous solution show quinquevalent protactinium to be a homologue of niobium and tantalum. It exhibits – except in hydrofluoric acid solutions – a marked tendency to undergo irreversible hydrolysis and condensation reactions, which leads to the situation that tracer amounts (ca. 10^?12 mole/l) and macroscopic amounts (10^?3–10^?6 mole/l) of protactinium often behave differently. Reduction with strong reducing agents gives aqueous solutions of Pa(IV), the properties of which again correspond in general to those of Th(IV) and show no relation to Nb(IV). Our knowledge of the chemical behavior of this rare radioelement has been advanced, in particular, by the production in 1958–1960 of 100 g of pure protactinium – the largest amount so far – from residues of the British production of uranium.