共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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乙酸乙酯的水解实验是现行高中有机化学教学内容中的重要实验,教材中提出通过观察酯层消失的时间差异来判断水解速率的差别,在实际操作过程中实验效果并不理想。借助手持技术分别探究了乙酸乙酯在中性、酸性、碱性、不同温度条件下的水解速率情况,并借助相关知识理论分析了乙酸乙酯在酸性和碱性条件下水解速率的差异,旨在帮助教师和学生深度理解乙酸乙酯发生水解的条件及规律。 相似文献
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借助手持技术,利用电压传感器和pH传感器测定不同酸碱性环境下金属铁发生电化学腐蚀的模拟原电池电压变化情况,探究金属铁发生析氢腐蚀和吸氧腐蚀对应的pH范围,帮助学生深入理解铁的电化学腐蚀原理,感受化学定量实验的魅力。 相似文献
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借助手持技术通过滴定的方法探究了碳酸氢钠与氯化钙溶液的反应原理,根据相关文献知识和实验对比研究,结合相关实验数据从定量和定性的角度深度分析了碳酸氢钠溶液与氯化钙溶液反应生成沉淀和产生气体的可能性。 相似文献
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为探析学生对手持技术数字化实验的态度,基于技术接受模型TAM3和《教师对手持技术实验的态度》量表,初步编制手持技术数字化实验学生态度量表。以4所中学的91名高一学生为调查对象,结果显示:(1)量表信效度良好;(2)学生对手持技术数字化实验整体持积极态度,尤其是产出品质和行为意向;(3)不同学校、不同教学时长的学生在技术焦虑维度存在显著性差异;(4)聚类分析法将学生分成“S1低易用组” “S2高意向组”和“S3高焦虑组”,3组学生在技术焦虑、感知易用性和行为意向维度相互存在显著性差异。 相似文献
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针对微型化学实验中实验产物量少的特点,将手持技术的氧气传感器作为检测器应用于"二氧化锰催化过氧化氢分解制取氧气"的微型化学实验之中,是进一步减少微型化学实验中化学试剂用量的新途径和新方法。通过计算机对数字化实验结果的曲线展示,将实验现象转化成直观的数字与图像,使实验结果更加精准,学生能在实验中同步观察实验进程,使学生对实验现象的主观感知和定量理解更加深入,探究也更加准确。 相似文献
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掺加Nd和K改性对CoO催化分解NO活性的影响 《燃料化学学报》2019,47(9):1120-1128
用水热法和共沉淀法分别制备了Nd-Co3O4催化剂,催化分解N2O。其中,水热法制备的Nd-Co3O4催化活性较高。在不同组成的Nd-Co3O4中,优化出了较高活性的0.01Nd-Co3O4催化剂,在其表面浸渍K2CO3溶液制备K改性催化剂(K/Nd-Co3O4)。用X射线衍射(XRD)、N2物理吸附、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子谱(XPS)、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、O2程序升温脱附(O2-TPD)等技术表征催化剂结构。结果表明,Nd-Co3O4和K改性催化剂均为尖晶石结构;K改性弱化了催化剂表面Co-O键,有利于表面氧的脱除,提高了催化剂活性。有氧有水气氛350 ℃连续反应40 h,K/Nd-Co3O4催化剂上的N2O分解率超过90%,稳定性较好。 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe3+掺杂的Fe-K2La2Ti3O10光催化剂, 并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射(DRS)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术对其进行了表征和分析, 考察了不同掺杂量对K2La2Ti3O10的性质及光催化分解水制氢活性的影响. 结果表明, Fe-K2La2Ti3O10在400-650 nm范围内显示强吸收, 光谱响应扩展到可见光区(λ>400 nm), 掺杂Fe3+后, K2La2Ti3O10的可见光区的光催化制氢活性显著提高, 掺杂量为nFe/nTi=0.04时活性最佳, 当催化剂用量为0.1 g, 反应液为CH3OH(30 mL)+H2O(90 mL)时, 产氢量达到1.92 μmol·h-1, 为未掺杂时的4倍. 相似文献
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Ming Zhang Fengqi Zhao Yanjing Yang Hui Li Jiankan Zhang Wenzhe Ma Hongxu Gao Na Li 《物理化学学报》2020,36(6):1904027-0
Energy components used in solid rocket propellants are beneficial for improving the energy performance, and their thermal decomposition characteristics significantly affect the combustion properties of the propellants. As a kind of energetic material with both high energy and low sensitivity (impact and friction), 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-diolate (TKX-50) can effectively improve the energy and safety characteristics of solid propellants. Burning catalyst is another important component of solid propellants, which can significantly improve the burning rate of the propellant and reduce the pressure exponent. Among various burning catalysts, nanoscale transition metal oxides can promote the thermal decomposition of the energetic component, thus enhancing the combustion properties of the solid propellant. However, the catalytic effects of nanoscale transition metal oxides with different morphologies on the thermal decomposition of TKX-50 have rarely been studied. Based on the excellent catalytic activity of Fe2O3 for TKX-50 thermal decomposition, nano-Fe2O3 particles with spherical and tubular microstructures were used for TKX-50 thermal decomposition. The Fe2O3 nanoparticles were successfully fabricated via the solvothermal method and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The XRD, FT-IR, and XPS results confirmed the successful fabrication of spherical and tubular Fe2O3 samples. The SEM and TEM images showed that the spherical Fe2O3 samples are composed of agglomerated Fe2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 110 nm. In addition, the average diameter and length of hollow tubular Fe2O3 nanoparticles are 120 nm and 200 nm, respectively. The catalytic activities of spherical and tubular Fe2O3 for TKX-50 decomposition were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods. The DSC and TG-DTG curves showed that both tubular and spherical Fe2O3 could effectively promote TKX-50 thermal decomposition. The first thermal decomposition peak temperature (TFDP) of TKX-50 was reduced by 36.5 K and 26.3 K in the presence of tubular and spherical Fe2O3, respectively, at 10 K·min−1. The activation energy (Ea) of TKX-50, determined by the iso-conversional method, was significantly reduced in the presence of both tubular and spherical Fe2O3. The results indicated that the microstructure of the catalyst has a significant effect on its catalytic performance for TKX-50 thermal decomposition, and that tubular Fe2O3 with hollow microstructure possesses better catalytic activity than spherical Fe2O3. The excellent catalytic activity of tubular Fe2O3 can be attributed to the hollow microstructure, which has more active sites for TKX-50 thermal decomposition. 相似文献
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It was found that tert-BuNH_2 is an efficient catalyst for epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones with 30% H_2O_2under mild conditions.For most of the cyclic unsaturated ketones used,moderate to excellent yields (45%—93%)were obtained within 24 h period. 相似文献
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为提高TiO_2纳米管阵列(TiO_2-NTs)的可见光活性,通过阳极氧化和热分解法制备了Fe_2O_3纳米粒子修饰的TiO_2纳米管阵列(Fe_2O_3/TiO_2-NTs)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外-可见光漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)等对产物进行了相关表征,同时测试了产物的光电性能及其光催化降解甲基橙的性能。结果显示,Fe_2O_3/TiO_2-NTs的光电流强度和光催化降解率分别是是TiO_2-NTs的19倍和8.7倍。 相似文献
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研究了无溶剂条件下Sb2O3催化二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸苯酯(MDPC)热分解制备二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI),考察了Sb2O3的制备条件与反应条件对MDPC热分解反应性能的影响.结果表明,立方相Sb2O3于400℃焙烧3 h,催化性能最好;适宜的反应条件为立方相Sb2O3用量为原料总重的1.0%,于220℃、0.67 kPa,反应12 min,此时MDPC转化率达到99.3%,MDI选择性84.4%. 相似文献
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采用NaBH_4还原法将纳米金属Cu负载在Y_2O_3上.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和测定氢氧根在Y_2O_3和Cu上的吸附等手段对样品进行了表征.结果表明,Y_2O_3表面存在一层薄的Y(OH)3,能优先吸附OH-使其在Y_2O_3表面"富集";金属Cu以纳米粒子形式负载在Y_2O_3上.在碱性甲醛溶液中考察了Y_2O_3负载Cu(Cu/Y_2O_3)的催化性能.结果表明,在低碱度条件下,相对于未负载纳米Cu的Y_2O_3,Cu/Y_2O_3具有较高的产氢活性.当氢氧化钠浓度为0.050 mol/L时,在氮气气氛下Cu/Y_2O_3产氢量约为未负载纳米Cu的7.8倍;而在空气气氛下约为4.3倍.在2种气氛下,Cu/Y_2O_3产氢的最佳氢氧化钠浓度均为0.25 mol/L.这可归结为Y_2O_3表面对OH-的"富集"效应,使其表面产生更多的活性物种CH2(OH)O-(甲二醇负离子).相对于未负载纳米Cu的Y_2O_3,Y_2O_3负载Cu提高了催化剂的稳定性,其原因是Y_2O_3负载阻止了Cu粒子在反应过程的生长. 相似文献