环氧树脂基近红外吸收涂层的近红外光谱、力学及耐盐水性能研究

以环氧树脂为粘合剂,Sm₂O₃为功能颜料,硅烷偶联剂和石墨烯为改性剂,制备得到了一种同时具有突出力学性能和耐盐水性能的近红外低反射率涂层。系统研究了Sm₂O₃添加量、硅烷偶联剂种类、硅烷偶联剂添加量和石墨烯添加量对涂层性能的影响。结果表明：Sm₂O₃添加量的增加可明显降低涂层对1.06μm近红外光的反射率,当Sm₂O₃添加量为50%,涂层对1.06μm近红外光的反射率可低至31.2%。此时,涂层的附着力和耐冲击强度分别可达到1级和50 kg·cm。用硅烷偶联剂改性涂层,偶联剂上的强极性基团分别可与涂层中的树脂基体和颜料形成共价键结合,从而可发挥桥连作用,进而可明显改善涂层的柔韧性,其中KH560的改性效果最佳。当KH560添加量为5%,涂层的柔韧性可从改性前的9 mm显著改善为改性后的4 mm。石墨烯具有特殊的共平面结构和超长共轭结构特征,使其对入射光的吸收可延伸到近红外区域。石墨烯特殊的片层结构使其具有很高的耐...     

In2O3/SnO2薄膜的制备及光谱反射性能研究

开展了在伪装网基布上镀In₂O₃/SnO₂薄膜的性能研究,系统分析了薄膜厚度对其光谱反射性能的影响;总结了薄膜厚度对In₂O₃/SnO₂薄膜表面形貌、光谱反射辐射性能的影响规律,为In₂O₃/SnO₂薄膜的红外伪装应用奠定了基础理论和实验依据. 关键词： 2O₃/SnO₂薄膜')" href="#">In₂O₃/SnO₂薄膜 红外反射特性 红外发射率 可见光—近红外透过率     

Bi2O3-B2O3-BaO玻璃的制备及其近红外发光性能的研究

采用高温熔融法制备了xBi₂O₃-50B₂O₃-(50-x)BaO玻璃, 测定了样品玻璃的近红外光区的发射谱、荧光寿命以及Raman光谱. 在808 nm波长光的激发下, 50Bi₂O₃-50B₂O₃二元玻璃中未观察到近红外发光; 随体系中BaO的加入, 当x为40, 45以及49时, 玻璃样品中观察到了近红外宽带发光现象; BaO含量进一步增加, 当x=10–30时, 近红外发光现象消失; 而当玻璃中Bi浓度很低时, 在0.5Bi₂O₃-50B₂O₃-50BaO及1Bi₂O₃-50B₂O₃-50BaO玻璃中发现了近红外发光现象, 且存在多个发光峰. 对铋离子近红外发光机理进行了初步的探讨.     

SHS等离子喷涂制备FeAl2O4-Al2O3-Fe纳米复合涂层的研究

利用SHS等离子喷涂技术，将经过机械团聚法制备的Fe₂O₃-Al复合粉体送入等离子焰流，沉积出厚度约为400 μm的复合涂层.利用XRD，SEM 和TEM等检测手段对涂层的成分和组织进行了分析，测定了涂层的显微硬度、断裂韧性以及耐磨性.结果表明涂层为具有纳米结构的FeAl₂O₄-Al₂O₃-Fe纳米复合组织；涂层的显微硬度为HV_100g870；断裂韧性是普通Al₂O₃涂层的2倍；无润滑磨损的耐磨性是普通Al₂O₃涂层的2.5倍. 关键词： SHS等离子喷涂 纳米涂层 断裂韧性     

单甲基原位改性SiO2疏水减反膜的制备与性能研究

 在碱性条件下通过TEOS和MTES的共水解缩聚反应制备了单甲基原位改性的SiO₂溶胶，并使用提拉法在K9玻璃基片上镀制了疏水减反膜。通过透射电镜（TEM）考察了镀膜溶胶的微结构，分别使用红外光谱（FTIR）分析了薄膜的组分，用原子力显微镜（AFM）观察了薄膜的表面形貌和起伏状况，用紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）考察了薄膜的减反射性能，用接触角仪测量了薄膜对水的接触角。并使用“R-on-1”的方式测量了薄膜在Nd:YAG激光（1 064 nm，1 ns）作用下的损伤阈值。结果表明，通过共水解缩聚反应可以把甲基引入镀膜溶胶簇团中，改善了溶胶簇团的网络结构，使薄膜得到相当好的疏水性能和更好的抗激光损伤性能，同时薄膜能保持较好的减反射性能。     

掺铋离子BaO-B2O3玻璃的制备及其近红外发光性能的研究

采用高温熔融法制备了掺Bi离子的BaO-B₂O₃玻璃, 测定了样品玻璃的近红外以及可见光区的激发、 发射谱、 荧光衰减曲线以及Raman光谱. 在808 nm波长光的激发下, 在掺Bi离子的BaO-B₂O₃玻璃中发现了近红外发光现象, 且存在多个发光峰, 讨论了玻璃网络结构对Bi离子发光的影响, 对其发光机理进行了初步的探讨.     

铋离子掺杂RO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃近红外超宽带发光性质

研究了碱土金属氧化物对Bi离子掺杂RO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ (R=Ca, Sr, Ba)玻璃近红外超宽带发光性质的影响. 结果表明: 玻璃样品在不同抽运源激发下都可检测到较强的近红外超宽带发光. 在808 nm激光激发下, 随着碱土金属离子半径的增加, Bi离子在1 300 nm附近的近红外发光强度显著增加, 荧光半高宽逐渐增加, 其荧光寿命最长可超过600 μms; 而在690 nm激光激发下, 随着碱土金属离子半径的增加, Bi离子在1 100 nm附近的近红外发光呈减弱趋势, 荧光半高宽逐渐增大, 半高宽最大可超过400 nm. 近红外发光可能源于两种不同形式铋的发光中心. 针对上述结果探讨了该玻璃体系中Bi离子近红外发光的机理.     

Cr3+掺杂LiScSi2O6近红外荧光粉的荧光性能及pc-LED器件研究

红外荧光粉是制备基于蓝光芯片宽带近红外光源的关键。采用高温固相法制备了LiScSi₂O₆:Cr³⁺近红外荧光粉样品并制备了相应的pc-LED器件,详细研究了样品的光致发光特性及pc-LED的性能。荧光粉在460nm蓝光激发下产生中心波长为850nm,半高宽约为156nm的宽带近红外光谱。在温度为160℃时,发光峰的强度下降为室温下的75.38%。把粉体涂覆在InGaN蓝光芯片(P_max=5W)表面制备的近红外pc-LED,得到最大近红外光输出功率为436.7mW@300mA,最大电光转化效率为18.3%@1mA。采用pc-LED作为红外光源,隐藏在油墨下的文字信息清晰可见,表明该红外荧光粉可用于制备基于蓝光芯片的宽带红外光源,且在夜视和信息防伪领域有良好的应用前景。     

溶胶凝胶法制备抗激光损伤SiO2疏水减反射膜

 通过溶胶-凝胶法，在碱性条件下水解缩聚正硅酸乙酯获得含有SiO₂颗粒的溶胶；以甲基三乙氧基硅烷在酸性条件下水解缩聚获得双链聚合物溶液，作为疏水基团的引入剂。用两者的混合物在玻璃片上旋转镀膜。利用光子相干光谱法、透射电子显微镜、小角X射线散射等方法研究了溶胶微结构，利用紫外-可见光谱仪和接触角测定仪测量薄膜的透射率和疏水性。单面反射率最低降至0.01%，对水接触角最高为118°。利用Nd:YAG激光（1 064nm）测量了薄膜的激光损伤阈值，随混合溶胶中双链聚合物含量的增加损伤阈值减小，但均高于20J/cm²（1ns脉冲）。由于薄膜既保持了纳米氧化硅薄膜的多孔性，又在颗粒及孔表面以甲基修饰，水对薄膜的浸润能力大大降低，因此薄膜的时间稳定性大大增强，同时也保证了较高的损伤阈值和透射率。     

溶胶凝胶法制备抗激光损伤SiO2疏水减反射膜

通过溶胶-凝胶法,在碱性条件下水解缩聚正硅酸乙酯获得含有SiO2颗粒的溶胶;以甲基三乙氧基硅烷在酸性条件下水解缩聚获得双链聚合物溶液,作为疏水基团的引入剂。用两者的混合物在玻璃片上旋转镀膜。利用光子相干光谱法、透射电子显微镜、小角X射线散射等方法研究了溶胶微结构,利用紫外-可见光谱仪和接触角测定仪测量薄膜的透射率和疏水性。单面反射率最低降至0.01%,对水接触角最高为118°。利用Nd:YAG激光（1 064nm）测量了薄膜的激光损伤阈值,随混合溶胶中双链聚合物含量的增加损伤阈值减小,但均高于20J/cm2（1ns脉冲）。由于薄膜既保持了纳米氧化硅薄膜的多孔性,又在颗粒及孔表面以甲基修饰,水对薄膜的浸润能力大大降低,因此薄膜的时间稳定性大大增强,同时也保证了较高的损伤阈值和透射率。     

In situ formation of Al2O3-SiO2-SnO2 composite ceramic coating by microarc oxidation on Al-20%Sn alloy

In situ formation of Al₂O₃-SiO₂-SnO₂ composite ceramic coating on Al-20%Sn alloy was successfully fabricated in aqueous Na₂SiO₃ electrolyte by microarc oxidation technology. The compositions, structure, mechanical and tribological properties of the composite coating were detailed studied by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, hardness tester and ball-on-disc friction tester. It is found that the species originating from the Al-20%Sn alloy substrate and the electrolyte solution both participate in reaction and contribute to the composition of the coating, which results in the generated coating firmly adherent to the substrate. The composite ceramic coating can greatly improve the microhardness and tribological property of Al-20%Sn alloy.     

Structural and magnetic studies of Fe2O3/SiO2 granular nanocomposites

Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ nanocomposites were synthesized by mechanical alloying, using Fe and SiO₂ powders as precursors. After 340 h milling, the sample essentially consists of hematite and amorphous silica. TEM images show hematite particles embedded in and surrounded by an amorphous silica matrix. A broad size distribution—5–50 nm—of hematite particles is found, and other group of very small—2–3 nm—unidentified particles are observed. Room temperature Mössbauer spectra show a paramagnetic doublet, which may correspond to a non-crystalline phase in the sample (probably the small unidentified particles), and a sextet corresponding to hematite. Magnetic properties were investigated by measuring hysteresis curves at different temperatures (5–300 K) and by zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) magnetization curves (10 mT). The hysteresis loops were well fitted by a ferromagnetic contribution. No evidence of Morin transition is found down to 5 K.     

Effect of α-Al2O3 on the properties of cold sprayed Al/α-Al2O3 composite coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Composite coatings using pure Al powder blended with α-Al₂O₃ as feedstock were deposited on AZ91D magnesium alloy substrates by cold spray (CS). The content of α-Al₂O₃ in the feedstock was 25 wt.% and 50 wt.%, respectively. The effects of α-Al₂O₃ on the porosity, microhardness, adhesion and tensile strength of the coatings were studied. Electrochemical tests were carried out in neutral 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution to evaluate the effect of α-Al₂O₃ on the corrosion behavior of the coatings. The results showed that the composite coatings possessed lower porosity, higher adhesion strength and tensile strength than cold sprayed pure Al coating. The corrosion current densities of the composite coatings were similar to that of the pure Al coating and much higher than that of bare AZ91D magnesium alloy.     

Preparation and characterization of nickel nano-Al2O3 composite coatings by sediment co-deposition

Ni-Al₂O₃ composite coatings were prepared by using sediment co-deposition (SCD) technique and conventional electroplating (CEP) technique from Watt's type electrolyte without any additives. The microstructure, hardness, and wear resistance of resulting composites were investigated. The results show that the incorporation of nano-Al₂O₃ particles changes the surface morphology of nickel matrix. The preferential orientation is modified from (2 0 0) plane to (1 1 1) plane. The microhardness of Ni-Al₂O₃ composite coatings in the SCD technique are higher than that of the CEP technique and pure Ni coating and increase with the increasing of the nano-Al₂O₃ particles concentration in plating solution. The wear rate of the Ni-Al₂O₃ composite coating fabricated via SCD technique with 10 g/l nano-Al₂O₃ particles in plating bath is approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of pure Ni coating. Wear resistance for SCD obtained composite coatings is superior to that obtained by the CEP technique. The wear mechanism of pure Ni and nickel nano-Al₂O₃ composite coatings are adhesive wear and abrasive wear, respectively.     

Tb~(3+)和Yb~(3+)掺杂Y_2O_3发光粉体的制备和近红外量子剪裁研究

采用共沉淀法制备了Y2O3∶Tb3+和Y2O3∶Tb3+,Yb3+两种样品。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和荧光光谱仪分析和测试了样品的形貌、微结构和室温下的荧光光谱,得到了不同掺杂浓度、退火温度、溶液pH值下Y2O3∶Tb3+的最优工艺制备条件:Tb3+浓度1.5%、退火温度1 400℃、溶液偏碱性环境下,样品在300nm光激发下于543nm处有最大绿光发射。详细分析了Tb3+能级结构和跃迁属性与实验光谱的对应关系,阐述了工艺条件的影响机理和主要影响样品发光的荧光猝灭效应。制备的Y2O3∶Tb3+,Yb3+粉体,敏化离子Tb3+与激活离子Yb3+间存在能量传递过程,使样品在近红外区有可观的发光,从能级角度对两离子间的合作下转换发光过程进行了描述,同样分析了该体系下的荧光猝灭过程。实验证明近红外量子剪裁可有效提高掺杂离子的发光效率,在硅太阳能电池等领域有广阔的应用前景。     

Effect of rare earth (Pr2O3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3, Eu2O3, Gd2O3 and Er2O3 ) on the acoustic properties of glass belonging to bismuth-borate system

Bismuth-borate glasses doped with some rare earth ions were studied with respect to the density, molar volume and the elastic moduli, Poisson’s ratio, Debye temperature, microhardness, softening temperature, acoustic impedance, diffusion constant and latent heat of melting. Ultrasonic velocities were measured by the pulse echo overlap technique at a frequency of 10 MHz and at room temperature. From these velocities and density values, various elastic moduli were calculated. The correlation of elastic stiffness, the cross link density, and the fractal bond connectivity of these glasses are discussed. The derived experimental values of shear modulus, bulk modulus, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio for our glasses are compared with the theoretically calculated values in terms of the bond compression model and Makishima-Mackenize theory.     

In2O3晶体电子结构和光吸收机理研究

为了得到准确的In₂O₃晶体电子结构, 本文分别采用GGA, GGA+U, HSE06的方法计算了电子结构, 并进行了G₀W₀修正, 通过比较计算结果, 得到HSE06+G₀W₀方法计算得到的禁带宽带最接近实验结果. 在此基础上使用Hedin的G₀W₀近似方法和Bethe-Salpeter方程计算得到了In₂O₃晶体的光学性质, 计算结果与实验结果吻合很好, 在此基础上通过对准粒子能带结构、光学跃迁矩阵和光学吸收谱的分析, 给出了In₂O₃晶体的光学跃迁机理.     

Role of WO3 in structural and optical properties of WO3-Al2O3-PbO-B2O3 glasses

Glass samples of composition xAl₂O₃-20PbO-(80−x)B₂O₃ and xWO₃-xAl₂O₃-20PbO-(80−2x)B₂O₃ with x varying from 0% to 10% mole fraction are prepared by melt quench technique. The optical band gap decreases (from 3.21 to 2.37 eV) more for WO₃-Al₂O₃-PbO-B₂O₃ glasses with an addition of WO₃ content. The FTIR spectral studies have pointed out the conversion of structural units of BO₃ to BO₄ and WO₄ to WO₆ in these glasses. The increase in density from 4.51 to 5.80 g cm⁻³ for WO₃-Al₂O₃-PbO-B₂O₃ glasses is observed with an increase in WO₃ content. This is observed that the atomic structure changes more with the incorporation of WO₃. This is due to the formation of WO₆, WO₄ and BO₄ units.     

Dielectric properties and temperature stability of BaTiO3 co-doped La2O3 and Tm2O3

The influence of La₂O₃ and Tm₂O₃ co-doping on the dielectric properties and the temperature stability of BaTiO₃ was investigated. BaTiO₃ ceramics were prepared with the compositional formula of (Ba_1−xLa_x)(Ti_1-x/4−yTm_y)O₃. La₂O₃ and Tm₂O₃ co-doping in BaTiO₃ mainly had effects on an increase in the dielectric constant and the temperature stability, respectively. The increase of La₂O₃ concentration and the decrease of Tm₂O₃ concentration in BaTiO₃ resulted in a decrease of lattice parameter and tetragonality because La³⁺ ion substituting for Ba site is smaller than Ba²⁺ ion and Tm³⁺ ion substituting for Ti site is larger than Ti⁴⁺ ion. With the increase of La₂O₃ and the decrease of Tm₂O₃, the dielectric constant of BaTiO₃ was enhanced in spite of the reduction of tetragonality. P-E hysteresis measurements revealed that this phenomenon was based on the improvement of remanent polarization with the increase of La₂O₃ concentration. The introduction of excess Tm₂O₃ in BaTiO₃ suppressed the grain growth and BaTiO₃ ceramics showed higher temperature stability due to the stable tetragonal structure and the small grain size with the increase of Tm₂O₃ concentration.     

2-2型磁电复合薄膜CoFe2O4/Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3静磁耦合

运用溶胶-凝胶法在Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si基片上旋涂制备了2-2型CoFe₂O₄/Pb(Zr_0.53Ti_0.47)O₃磁电复合薄膜．制备的磁电薄膜结构为基片/PZT/CFO/PZT*/CFO/PZT,通过改变中间层PZT*溶胶的浓度,改变磁性层间距以及静磁耦合的大小．SEM结果表明,复合薄膜结构致密,呈现出界面清晰平整的多层结构．制备的复合薄膜具有较好的铁电与铁磁性能．实验还研究了静磁耦合对薄膜磁电性能的影响,结果表明,随着复合薄膜磁性层间距的减小,静磁耦合效应的增加,磁电电压系数有逐渐增大的趋势.