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为在教学中切实落实化学学科核心素养,本研究从“学科”角度切入,针对教学内容探究教师如何进行学科理解。以乙醛课题为载体通过扎根理论分析专家团队基于学科理解的教学内容研讨过程,发现学科理解的对象主要是化学概念,在不同层级的概念理解中融汇化学学科思想方法。以核心概念羰基的理解过程为例,经历以下4个步骤:(1)比较烃类,确定乙醛的特殊性在于羰基;(2)基于乙醛特质挖掘本原性问题:如何基于结构认识羰基的性质;(3)运用比较分类逻辑方法抽提羰基的认识视角:极性多重键;(4)利用原子的杂化方式、电负性认识羰基结构特征,宏微结合发展认识思路。 相似文献
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将大概念作为一项重要的化学课程内容,是《义务教育化学课程标准(2022年版)》的重大变化之一。对大概念内涵从抽象知识到上位概念再到学科观念的发展过程进行了梳理,认为主题大概念对发展学生核心素养更具有独特价值;基于学科理解理论阐释了大概念的idea功能,认为大概念是对解决学科本原性问题的一系列idea的概括;从大概念素养发展功能的定位,基于大概念idea功能的教学内容的组织与呈现,以及探究式、建构式教学方式的运用等3个方面,探讨了大概念教学的重要实施策略。 相似文献
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2018年新一轮基础教育课程改革方案颁布实施,其主旨要义是学科核心素养。学科核心素养在课堂“落地”必须提升教师的学科理解能力。缘起:学科融合是未来国际基础教育发展的大趋势,学科知识是学科教学知识发展的前提,新一轮教育改革重视学科知识学习的过程体验,学科理解能力是衡量教师教学能力的核心项之一,学科知识理解影响教师的教和学生的学。意义:精准把握学科核心素养内涵,深化对学科知识内涵的认识、理解,深化教师核心素养内涵的认识,为素养为本的课堂教学提供基本保障。策略:教学理念:与时俱进,站在课改前沿;学科教师:由点带面,实现整体提升;科学概念:划分结构,赋予学科功能;理解方法:凝练本原,抽提认识视角。 相似文献
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文章基于化学学科理解的视角以“认识碳酸钠的溶解性”为例,基于研究碳酸钠在不同溶剂中的溶解性情况、碳酸钠溶于水的吸放热情况、碳酸钠的溶解性随温度的变化情况以及比较碳酸钠和氢氧化钠的溶解性与应用等本原性问题进行学科理解的复习,帮助学生对“溶液”核心概念进行结构化思维,以达到提升核心素养的目的。 相似文献
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基于学科理解的学习任务是精细化教学研究的切入点,是核心素养的落脚点.基于分析学习任务的内容、方法、情境要素,结合原电池教学案例,提出以下设计策略:对教学内容本原性、结构化地理解;分析学生认知基础和学习困难,确定学习任务着力点;任务以本原问题体现,显化认识视角;注重学习任务的教学逻辑;活动指向学生的素养发展;创造真实适切... 相似文献
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A Unique Blend of 2-Fluorenyl-2-anthracene and 2-Anthryl-2-anthracence Showing White Emission and High Charge Mobility
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Mengyun Chen Yang Zhao Lijia Yan Shuai Yang Yanan Zhu Imran Murtaza Dr. Gufeng He Prof. Dr. Hong Meng Prof. Dr. Wei Huang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2017,56(3):722-727
White-light-emitting materials with high mobility are necessary for organic white-light-emitting transistors, which can be used for self-driven OLED displays or OLED lighting. In this study, we combined two materials with similar structures—2-fluorenyl-2-anthracene (FlAnt) with blue emission and 2-anthryl-2-anthracence (2A) with greenish-yellow emission—to fabricate OLED devices, which showed unusual solid-state white-light emission with the CIE coordinates (0.33, 0.34) at 10 V. The similar crystal structures ensured that the OTFTs based on mixed FlAnt and 2A showed high mobility of 1.56 cm2 V−1 s−1. This simple method provides new insight into the design of high-performance white-emitting transistor materials and structures. 相似文献
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Weiping Wu Wei Xu Wenping Hu Yunqi Liu Daoben Zhu 《Frontiers of Chemistry in China》2006,1(4):357-363
In the past years, organic semiconductors have been extensively investigated as electronic materials for organic field-effect
transistors (OFETs). In this review, we briefly summarize the current status of organic field-effect transistors including
materials design, device physics, molecular electronics and the applications of carbon nanotubes in molecular electronics.
Future prospects and investigations required to improve the OFET performance are also involved.
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Translated from Huaxue Tongbao (Chemistry), 2006, 69(6) (in Chinese) 相似文献
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The magnetic coupling between the unpaired spin of nitroxyl group (>N--O) and itsneighbor sp~2 carbon atom has been studied in detail by UHF/6--31G and MP4/6-31G methods.and a number of conjugate nitroxyl diradicals have also been studied by ab initio UHFmethod. A simple topological rule about the ferromagnetic coupling between two nitroxylgroups has been revealed by our calculation. Based on this rule as well as ab initio cal-culation, some nitroxyl radical models of organic ferromagnets (OFM) have been proposed,and the possible way of synthesis has also been suggested. Moreover, the ab initio UHF-crystal orbital (UHF--CO) method has been used to characterize the electronic band struc-ture of one of the models. The ab initio UHF--CO results show that this model is a verypromising candidate of OFM, 相似文献
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近年来,作为一类具有永久空腔结构的三维有机分子,有机分子笼引起了科研工作者的广泛关注,在超分子化学中(主要是主客体相互作用)扮演着重要角色。早期研究中通常采用不可逆法制备有机分子笼,往往存在反应步骤多、分离提纯复杂、合成难度大等问题。为了有效解决上述问题,研究人员将动态共价化学引入到有机分子笼的合成中,从而简单、高效地制备出一系列不同的有机分子笼。关于有机分子笼的应用研究也在不断拓展中。研究发现,有机分子笼不仅在分子识别、分子反应器等方面存在广阔的应用前景,而且其可以通过自组装形成多孔材料,在气体吸附、分离等领域展现了巨大的应用潜能。本文中,我们综述了有机分子笼在合成方法(主要基于动态共价化学反应)及应用研究方面的最新进展。 相似文献
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polarization energy of the localized charge in organic solids consists of electronic polarization energy, permanent electrostatic interactions, and inter/intra molecular relaxation energies. The effective electronic polarization energies for an electron/hole carrier were successfully estimated by AMOEBA polarizable force field in naphthalene molecular crystals. Both electronic polarization energy and permanent electrostatic interaction were in agreement with the preview experimental values. In addition, the influence of the multipoles from different distributed mutipole analysis (DMA) fitting options on the electrostatic interactions are discussed in this paper. We found that the multipoles obtained from Gauss-Hermite quadrature without diffuse function or grid-based quadrature with 0.325 Å H atomic radius will give reasonable electronic polarization energies and permanent interactions for electron and hole carriers. 相似文献