基于条纹级次编码与调制的结构光相位展开算法

利用相位级次的编码和调制方法将相位级次信息叠加到相移图像中,提出了一种直接利用相移图像进行相位解包裹的方法。在投影端,提出了一种邻接不重复德布鲁因序列,并用该序列对相位级次进行编码,然后将该周期级次编码序列调制、叠加到多步相移图像中。相应地,在解码阶段,从拍摄到的相移图像中同时解调、分解出包裹相位和周期级次编码序列,通过序列的匹配还原真实周期级次信息,并最终准确地解包裹出绝对相位。以四步相移法为例,本文方法相比传统的时间相位解包裹算法,投影图片从10张(64个相位周期)缩减到了4张,提高了测量效率。     

一种变频相移干涉测量的相位提取算法

相位提取的精度直接影响相移干涉测量的精度。在变频相移干涉测量中,相移量由干涉腔长和波长变化量决定,必须对测试系统进行相位标定,但常因相位标定不精确而引入相移误差,影响相位提取的精度。运用一种基于迭代的相位求解算法,该算法无需对测试系统进行相位标定,可以在被测相位和相移量均未知的情况下,通过交替迭代法求解出被测相位。通过仿真比较了传统四步相移和基于迭代的相位求解算法的相位提取精度,结果表明,基于迭代的相位求解算法的相位提取精度优于传统四步相移算法的精度。     

相移干涉显微术测量表面微观形貌

在微分干涉相衬显微镜中加入偏振相移装置,实现了对干涉光强的调制,达到了相移的目的,构造了具有纳米级分辨率的相移干涉显微测量系统。编制了一套测试软件及多组数据处理软件,将测量系统的各组成部分用软件进行了连接。分析并解决了测量过程中的技术难题,对纳米表面微观形貌进行了高精度实时自动测量。该测量系统能够准确地重构出纳米表面微观形貌,并给出了定量测量数据。     

用于三维测量的快速相位解包裹算法

减少条纹投影轮廓术的条纹图数量一直是本领域的研究热点。传统的时间相位解包裹算法,一般需要额外的条纹信息来确定条纹级次,导致条纹图数量过多。提出一种用于三维测量的快速相位解包裹算法,只需要N步标准相移正弦条纹图,就可以完成绝对相位的计算。首先,利用标准相移算法计算包裹相位和消除背景的掩膜;然后,直接利用包裹相位和掩膜,根据连通域标记算法计算条纹级次,进而求得绝对相位。该方法最少只需3幅条纹图,就可以完成三维测量,数据处理速度快。计算机仿真和实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

数字全息显微术中三种相位展开算法的比较研究

为了解决数字全息显微术相位重建中的欠采样问题,引用一种基于横向剪切干涉术的改进型最小二乘法相位展开算法,并与基于离散余弦变换的原始最小二乘法算法以及质量图导向路径算法进行比较。采用欠采样高斯函数进行计算机模拟,并进行了实验验证,结果表明了横向剪切干涉术方法的有效性。上述改进型最小二乘法相位展开算法在解决包裹相位图中的欠采样问题更有效,从而能够更精准地重建物体的相位信息。     

基于可靠性的相位去包裹算法

提出了一种新的基于可靠性的相位去包裹算法。采用了队列算法及去包裹可靠性的判别标准。与传统方法相比,能够自动避开噪声区域,解决了相位去包裹中的阴影遮挡以及空洞等问题,克服了传统去包裹方法中的误差传播效应,能准确快速地对全场进行相位去包裹。设计了一套基于此算法的三维形面测量系统。     

基于分支设置的质量导引相位展开算法

二维相位展开方法是近年来较为活跃、引起关注的一个研究课题,它在许多测量应用中有着重要的作用。尽管掩膜阻断算法在多个领域都有成功应用实例,该算法存在着固有的缺陷。为了克服掩膜阻断算法的缺陷,综合分支阻断方法和质量导引方法的优点,提出一种基于分支设置的质量导引相位展开新算法。它先以一个初始质量图来引导分支的设置,然后把分支对应的相位质量设置为最低,从而产生一个新的质量图,最后按新质量图来引导相位展开,并使用几个包裹相位图来验证此方法的有效性。计算机模拟相位图和实际相位图的相位展开结果表明,在存在复杂轮廓不连续和高噪声的情况下,该算法优于模板阻断算法,能得到较好的相位展开结果。     

一种针对含噪声相位的完全相位解包裹算法撤回

干涉测量中,环境和成像系统热噪声以及不均匀的被测表面反射率均会使测量相位分布不一致,以留数点的形式出现在相位包裹图中。在此情况下,获得完整真实、高精度的被测表面相位解包裹结果就成为亟需解决的难题。不同于传统方法利用枝切连接留数点,隔离噪声干扰区域;或以丢失细节信息为代价,采用最小范数类方法的解包裹方案,首次将和谐均值这一数论概念应用在相位解包裹中。方法利用其具有剔除粗大误差的特殊性质,类比环绕留数点的四邻域相位点为待计算和谐均值数据,直接检测噪声干扰点,得到全局相位解包裹结果。最后利用强噪声干扰下,复杂表面的计算机模拟实验,通过定量定性分析,对其结果精度,运算效率,简单易执行的优点进行了有效验证。     

基于宽光谱干涉系统的拼接主镜共相位检测技术

针对拼接式大口径望远镜主镜,提出一种基于迈克尔逊干涉原理基础上的宽带光谱（白光）干涉检测方法,对拼接子镜间相位误差进行实时检测,进而对失调子镜进行相应校正,以实现拼接子镜的共面排布。子镜间相位误差通过干涉图形间的不匹配性进行提取。应用双中心波长组合白光源来提高白光中心条纹的可见度,通过理论仿真,对不同中心波长组合的白光中心条纹可见度进行比较,结果表明：该双中心波长组合白光源系统的应用,可以提高白光干涉中心条纹的信号分辨能力,借以提高检测精度,使得该白光干涉检测系统对拼接子镜间的相位失调误差进行高精度提取。     

基于宽光谱干涉系统的拼接主镜共相位检测技术

 针对拼接式大口径望远镜主镜,提出一种基于迈克尔逊干涉原理基础上的宽带光谱（白光）干涉检测方法,对拼接子镜间相位误差进行实时检测,进而对失调子镜进行相应校正,以实现拼接子镜的共面排布。子镜间相位误差通过干涉图形间的不匹配性进行提取。应用双中心波长组合白光源来提高白光中心条纹的可见度,通过理论仿真,对不同中心波长组合的白光中心条纹可见度进行比较,结果表明：该双中心波长组合白光源系统的应用,可以提高白光干涉中心条纹的信号分辨能力,借以提高检测精度,使得该白光干涉检测系统对拼接子镜间的相位失调误差进行高精度提取。     

Three-dimensional profile measurement of the blade based on surface structured light

As the blade must have precise size and accurate shape, three-dimensional profile measurement of the blade is very important. In this paper, three-dimensional profile measurement method of the blade based on surface structured light is proposed. A new phase unwrapping method is also proposed. This encoding method combined coding fringe pattern with the four-step phase-shifting method, the coding information is embedded into the phase, which can be used to determine fringe order for absolute phase retrieval. The encoding method is simple and easy to implement, so the phase unwrapping of the blade can be quickly perform. The experimental and simulation results show that the method can achieve a high precision, high speed and low cost three-dimensional profile measurement of the blade.     

Measurement of sub-surface delaminations in carbon fibre composites using high-speed phase-shifted speckle interferometry and temporal phase unwrapping

A high-speed phase-shifted speckle interferometer has been developed recently for studying dynamic events. Speckle interferograms are continuously recorded by a CCD camera operating at 1 kHz with temporal phase shifting carried out by a Pockels cell running at the same frequency. Temporal phase unwrapping through sequences of more than 1000 frames allows the determination of time-varying absolute displacement maps. This paper presents the application of this speckle interferometry system to the detection and measurement of sub-surface delamination defects in carbon fibre specimens. The influence of re-referencing the temporal phase unwrapping algorithm after different time intervals is analysed to reduce the random phase errors produced by speckle decorrelation and vibration. The performance of several phase-shifting algorithms to minimize the influence of the vibration noise caused by the vacuum pump used to load the specimen is also investigated.     

Adaptive filter for unwrapping noisy phase image in phase-stepping interferometry

An adaptive filter for preprocessing wrapped phase image with high noise content has been developed. The window size of this median filter is adjustable according to its location in the noisy phase image. This size-adjustable median filter has not only high noise-rejection ability, but also both good phase-jump identification and image-detail preservation properties. Phase unwrapping can then be done to recover the real phase image without the hampering influence of noise, especially the noise near the phase jumps. Both numerical simulation and experimental results used to examine the effectiveness of this adaptive filter are presented.     

Phase retrieval in two-wavelength DSSI using a combined filtering method

Phase retrieval in two-wavelength DSSI (digital speckle shearing interferometry) using a combined filtering method is proposed for small deformation derivative measurement. A simultaneous two-wavelength illumination and 3-CCD camera are employed in the experimental setup. The proposed method, which uses a two-wavelength technique does not require the conventional spatial phase unwrapping and has the advantage of good noise suppression for phase retrieval. Experimental results obtained show that using the proposed combined filtering method sensitivity similar to the single wavelength technique can be achieved.     

3-D shape measurement based on complementary Gray-code light

A combination of phase-shift with Gray-code light projection into a three-dimensional (3-D) measurement system has been exploited to digitalize 3-D shape information of a tested object, even with a discontinuous surface. Unfortunately, the phase unwrapping will fall into an error, when an improper value of Gray coding is caused by mistake at the partial boundary of two adjacent binary words. To this end, a new complementary Gray-code method is proposed in this paper as well as the corresponding phase-unwrapping method. This problem of phase unwrapping could be cleverly solved by projecting an additional Gray-code pattern to extend this code and using the different and complementary boundary locations of the traditional and additional codes. The results of computer simulation and experiment confirm that this proposed method based on complementary Gray-code can reliably reconstruct the nature phase distribution of the tested object with only one extra fringe pattern.     

基于多频外差原理的相位解包裹方法

根据多频外差原理推导了三频光栅条纹解包裹的过程,获取了光栅条纹的绝对相位值.同时,为了减小误差,提高测量精度,提出了一种相位修正的方法,比较了相位修正前后的相位图,表明该方法能够非常有效地去除相位误差.通过将修正后的绝对相位值作为匹配的一个特征量,利用机器视觉中双目立体视觉的方法求取物体的三维特征.实验证实了该方法的可行性,并得到良好的测量结果.     

A simple phase unwrapping approach based on filtering by windowed Fourier transform

Phase unwrapping is an interesting yet challenging problem in optical interferometry. In this paper, we limit our interest to unwrapping noisy phase maps as it is a common but difficult task. Our aim is to propose a simple solution to phase unwrapping. We first remove the noise by a novel windowed Fourier transform approach and then use sequential line scanning method for phase unwrapping. This simple approach is verified to be very effective.     

Phase unwrapping algorithms, respectively, based on path-following and discrete cosine transform

This paper describes a path-following phase unwrapping algorithm and a phase unwrapping algorithm based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) which accelerates the computation and suppresses the propagation of noise. Through analysis of fringe pattern with serious noises simulated in mathematic model, we make a contrast between path-following algorithm and DCT algorithm. The advantages and disadvantages of analytical fringe pattern are also given through comparison of two algorithms. Three-dimensional experimental results have been given to prove the validity of these algorithms. Despite DCT phase unwrapping technique robustness and speed in some cases, it cannot be unwrapping inconsistencies phase. The path-following algorithm can be used in automation analysis of fringe patterns with little influence of noise.     

时间序列散斑干涉场中相位函数的计算

散斑干涉或电子散斑干涉计量应用于连续运动或变形物体时,就会产生一个时变的散斑干涉场,通过摄像系统连续地采集这一时变散斑场,可获得一系列时间序列散斑干涉图,通过对序列散斑图上各点在时间轴上光强值的变化进行分析,提出了一种基于时间序列的分析方法,用以提取干涉场的相位值,进而获得物体全场变形信息。