( )-12-乙基-1,4,7,10-四氧杂-13-氮杂环十五烷与镧系硝酸盐、硫氰酸盐配合物的合成表征和CD谱

合成了共１５个未见文献报道的三价镧系离子与手性氮杂冠醚（＋）－１２－乙基－１，４，７，１０－四氧杂－１３－氮杂环十五烷（以下以Ｌ（＋）表示）的配合物Ｌｎ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｌ（＋）·Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ）；Ｌｎ（ＳＣＮ）３·Ｌ（＋）·Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｓｍ、Ｅｕ、Ｇｄ－Ｅｒ、Ｙｂ）。对所合成配合物进行了元素分析、电导、红外、可见吸收光谱、比旋光度和圆二色谱（ＣＤ谱）的测试，并对配合物的有关物理化学性质进行了讨论。     

Ln(Ⅲ)-Co(Ⅱ)与双水杨醛缩乙二胺Schiff碱异核配合物的合成与波谱性质

合成了双水杨醛缩乙二胺Ｓｃｈｉｆ碱（ＳＡＬＥＮ）与钴的配合物Ｃｏ（ＳＡＬＥＮ）（ＮＯ３）２·３Ｈ２Ｏ及镧系－钴的异核配合物ＬｎＣｏ（ＳＡＬＥＮ）２（ＮＯ３）５·２Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ，Ｙ）．以紫外、红外光谱，特别是１ＨＮＭＲ及ＥＰＲ波谱等方法研究了它们在组成、结构和配位等方面的异同．文中讨论了配合物ＥＰＲ谱在不同溶剂中峰宽的相对关系、配合物晶体场强度及Ｇｄ３＋周围局部对称性等问题．     

Ln（Ⅲ）—Co（Ⅱ）与以水杨醛缩乙二胺Schiff碱异核配合物的合成与波谱性质

合成了双水杨醛缩乙二胺Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱（ＳＡＬＥＮ）与钴的配合物Ｃｏ（ＳＡＬＥＮ）（ＮＯ３）２．３Ｈ２Ｏ及镧系－钴的异核配合物ＬｎＣｏ（ＳＡＬＥＮ）２（ＮＯ３）５．２Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ，Ｙ）以紫外红外光谱，特别是ＨＮＭＲ是ＥＰＲ波谱等方法研究了它们在组成、结构和配位等方面的异同，中讨论了配合物ＥＰＲ谱在不同溶剂中峰宽的相对关系，配合物在晶体场强度及Ｇｄ＾３＋周围局部对称性等     

稀土与H2salen配合物的合成与波谱性质

合成了稀土Ｎ，Ｎ－亚乙基双（水杨醛缩亚胺）（Ｈ２ｓａｌｅｎ）双核配合物，通过元素分析、热分析、紫外、红外、远红外光谱、磁化率及１Ｈ、１３ＣＮＭＲ谱与Ｔ１的测定，确定了他们与前人合成的配合物有所不同，其化学组成为［Ｌｎ２（Ｈ２ｓａｌｅｎ）３（ＮＯ３）４］（ＮＯ３）２·３Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｅｒ，Ｙｂ及Ｙ），并对它们的配位作用、波谱及可能应用进行了探讨．     

镧系四元混配化合物[Ln（BA）2（NO3）（phen）]2的合成,晶？…

在酸性介质,含水溶剂中合成了四元混配化合物「Ｌｎ（ＢＡ）２（ＮＯ３）（ｐｈｅｎ）」（ＢＡ＝苯甲酸根;Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ,Ｃｅ,Ｐｒ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｄｙ,Ｇｄ,Ｔｂ,Ｅｒ）,用元素分析、ＩＲ、ＤＴＡ＿ＴＧ等方法对配合物进行了珠征,研究服配合物的顺磁性能和荧光性能,镨配合物的单晶衍射结果表明,配合物属三斜晶系,双核,Ｐｒ＾３＋的配位数为９,４个ＢＡ呈二种配位方式,丰富了四元配合物的结构表现形式。     

稀土溴化物与甘氨酸配合物标准摩尔生成焓的测定

采用量热法在２９８１５±０１０Ｋ测量了ＲＥＢｒ３·３Ｇｌｙ·３Ｈ２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｓｍ、Ｅｕ、Ｇｄ、Ｔｂ、Ｄｙ、Ｙ；Ｇｌｙ为甘氨酸）和甘氨酸在水中的积分溶解热，及ＲＥＢｒ３·ｎＨ２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ时，ｎ＝７；ＲＥ＝Ｎｄ、Ｓｍ、Ｅｕ、Ｇｄ、Ｔｂ、Ｄｙ、Ｙ时，ｎ＝６）在甘氨酸水溶液中的积分溶解热。用本研究设计的热化学循环求得上述１０种ＲＥＢｒ３·３Ｇｌｙ·３Ｈ２Ｏ配合物的标准摩尔生成焓，并计算出它们的晶格能。     

3－乙酰乙酰基－4－羟基香豆素希土配合物的合成和性质

本文报道了希土与３－乙酰乙酰基－４－羟基香豆素（Ｈ２ａａｃ）配合物的合成．其化学组成为Ｌｎ（Ｈａａｃ）３·ｎＨ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ为Ｌａ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｅｕ、Ｇｄ．Ｄｙ、Ｅｒ，ｎ为１或２）．基于Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、ＩＲ的结果，提出了希土离子与配位体４位羟基氧与邻近羰基双齿配位结构．对Ｎｄ（３＋）及Ｅｒ（３＋）配合物的超灵敏吸收带的形状和吸收强度等也作了讨论．     

稀土（Ⅲ）（4＇－溴－5＇－硝基苯并－15－冠－5）配合物的制备与表征

在乙腈和丙酮介质中合成了６种轻稀土硝酸盐与４＇－溴－５＇－硝基苯并－１５－冠－５（Ｌ）的固体配合物，经元素分析确定其组成为ＲＥ（ＮＯ＿３）＿３·Ｌ（ＲＥ＝－Ｌａ～Ｎｄ），Ｓｍ（ＮＯ＿３）＿３·Ｌ·Ｈ＿２Ｏ和Ｅｕ（ＮＯ＿３）＿３·Ｌ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ·４Ｈ＿２Ｏ，并进行了ＩＲ、ＵＶ、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ、摩尔电导及Ｘ－射线粉末衍射物相分析等表征，探讨了冠醚苯基上引入双取代基（－Ｂｒ，－ＮＯ＿２）后对稀土离子配位作用的影响．     

电分析化学在杂多酸（盐）研究中的应用──稀土钨砷、钨镓及钨钛杂多配合物氧化还原性质的研究

应用电化学方法,系统研究ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构稀土取代衍生物Ｌｎ（ＭＷ＿（１１）＿２（Ｍ＝Ａｓ,Ｔｉ,Ｇａ,Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ,Ｃｅ,Ｐｒ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｇｄ,Ｄｙ）在溶液中的氧化还原性质,得其氧化顺序,提出还原机理。     

稀土—邻菲罗啉—氟尿嘧啶三元配合物的合成及表征

合成了七种稀土硝酸盐－邻菲罗啉－氟尿嘧啶的三元固体配合物。分子进行了元素分析，摩尔电导率的测定和红外光谱，热重，差热分析的研究，确证配合物的化学式「Ｌｎ（ｐｈｅｎ）２（Ｆｕ）（ＮＯ３）」（ＮＯ３）２（Ｌｎ＝Ｙ，Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｎｏ）。此外，对Ｌａ的三元配合物进行了＾１２Ｃ核磁共振谱的测定，并通过体外癌细胞瘤株抑制率的试验，表明配合物有明显的抗肿瘤效果。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

Investigation of Kinetics of Solid-Phase Synthesis of Lithium Orthosilicate

The kinetics of the interaction between lithium carbonate and silica with various degrees of dispersion was investigated by TG and DTA methods. It was found that the utilization of pyrogenic silica with a specific surface area of about 300 m²g^-1 instead of aerosil with one of 175 m²g^-1 leads to an increase of the reaction rate between lithium carbonate and silica, which depends on the formation and growth of lithium orthosilicate crystals in the first stage, and is conditioned by the diffusion of lithium and oxygen ions through the lithium orthosilicate layer formed at temperatures above 800 K. This supposition is supported by the kinetic analysis results obtained with the use of the different models. The optimal regime of heating is recommended. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小环化合物中饱和碳质子化学位移的计算

小环化合物由于其张力、构型、构象和各向异性效应等原因,环碳上质子化学位移缺乏规律性,难以预测,对此作者曾提出一种近似算法。本文根据303种小环化合物中饱和碳质子的化学位移实验数据,将适于计算这类质子化学位移的公式表述为:     

解决能源问题的新途径--光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。