基质固相分散萃取-分散液相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定土壤中的邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了基质固相分散萃取-分散液相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法测定土壤中5种邻苯二甲酸酯的分析方法。优化了前处理条件,最佳条件为:0.2g样品与0.4g弗罗里硅土研磨8min,混合物以10mL丙酮-乙酸乙酯(1:1,V:V)洗脱,用氮气吹干并用乙腈定容至0.4mL,加入30μL四氯化碳和5mL超纯水形成乳化,离心破乳后吸取1μL沉积相进GC-MS分析。DMP在25~500μg/kg,DEP在10~500μg/kg,DBP、BBP和DNOP在5~500μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数在0.9983~0.9997,检出限为0.32~2.90μg/kg,平均加标回收率为85.5%~104%,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于8.2%。方法满足实际土壤中微量邻苯二甲酸酯分析的要求。     

凝胶渗透色谱-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定烟草中3种抑芽剂残留

建立了用凝胶渗透色谱净化-液相色谱-串联质谱分析烟草中3种抑芽剂残留的方法。卷烟中的待测抑芽剂组分用V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(环己烷)=1∶1超声提取后通过凝胶渗透色谱净化;凝胶色谱柱为Biobeads S-X3玻璃柱(50 g,400 mm×25 mm),流动相为V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(环己烷)=1∶1溶液,流速5 mL/min;收集第10~25 min流出的液体用液相色谱色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱仪测定。在0.5~100 ng/mL的质量浓度范围内,各种抑芽剂标准溶液的线性相关系数均大于0.99。在样品中添加3种抑芽剂(添加水平为5,20,100μg/kg)的混合标准溶液,平均回收率在86.2%~108.4%之间,3种抑芽剂的RSD在1.1%~7.5%之间;方法的检测限在0.01~0.06μg/kg之间。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定牛肉和牛肝中5种β2-受体激动剂

建立了牛肉和牛肝中克仑特罗(clenbuterol)、莱克多巴胺(ractompamine)、沙丁胺醇(salbutamol)、西马特罗(cimaterol)和特布他林(terbutaline)的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时快速检测方法。样品经酶解,固相萃取技术（SPE）净化,多反应监测模式（MRM）下进行定性和定量分析。标准工作溶液在0.2~10μg/kg浓度范围内,5种受体激动剂线性关系良好,相关系数R2^{均大于0.99。方法的检出限为0.2μg/kg,定量限为0.5μg/kg。在0.5、1、2μg/kg的添加浓度下,回收率在78.2%~114.2%之间,相对标准偏差在2.0~16.0%之间。方法具有快速、经济、准确等特点,适合于牛肉和牛肝中β2-受体激动剂的快速定量、定性检测。}     

UPLC-MS/MS测定葡萄籽提取物中78种农药残留

建立了超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)检测葡萄籽提取物中78种农药残留物的分析方法。样品用乙腈振荡提取,经乙二胺-N-丙基甲硅烷(PSA)和石墨化炭(GCB)固相萃取柱串联净化,乙腈-甲苯(V/V3:1)洗脱,洗脱液浓缩至约0.5 mL后,于45℃下氮气吹干,1.0 mL乙腈定容,UPLC-MS/MS测定,外标法定量。葡萄籽提取物中,78种农药在0.001～0.2μg/mL范围内线性关系均良好;所有农药的方法定量限(LOQ)均低于17.0μg/kg;在5,25,50μg/kg的添加水平下,葡萄籽提取物中78种农药的平均回收率处于72.6%～113.5%之间,相对标准偏差不大于11%。方法适用于葡萄籽提取物中78种农药残留的快速筛查测定。     

阳离子交换在线固相萃取/液相色谱-串联质谱法检测牛奶中14种磺胺药物残留

建立了阳离子交换模式在线固相萃取-液相色谱串联质谱法检测牛奶中14种磺胺药物方法。取5 g样品用15 mL乙腈提取和除蛋白,提取液于50℃氮气吹干后,用1.00 mL 0.2％甲酸溶解,溶解液通过双三元液相色谱用阳离子在线固相萃取柱在线富集净化,2％氨水甲醇/0.2％甲酸(50：50,V/V)洗脱。然后转移至C18色谱柱上进行分离,再用串联四级杆质谱检测。结果表明,14种磺胺类药物在0.1~10μg/kg含量范围内线性良好(r≥0.999);方法的检出限为0.05μg/kg,定量限为0.1μg/kg;方法回收率在60％~90％范围内,批内和批间相对标准偏差都小于10％。本方法较传统固相萃取柱净化法更简捷、经济和稳定。     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法分析麦类中麦角克列斯汀碱

提出了一种采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法(HPLC-FLD)测定麦类样品中麦角克列斯汀碱的方法。麦类样品经V(乙腈)∶V(0.1 mol/L乙酸铵缓冲溶液)=1∶4提取,以C18小柱净化,C18色谱柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm)分离,V(水)∶V(乙腈)=3∶2作流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,以HPLC-FLD定量测定。标准工作溶液浓度在1.0~50.0μg/L范围内,与峰面积成良好的线性关系,线性相关系数0.9999,样品在10.0、50.0、250.0μg/kg添加水平的回收率为76%~85%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.6%~8.8%(n=8),方法检测限为5.0μg/kg(S/N10)。     

固相萃取-加压毛细管电色谱法测定水体中8种农药残留

采用固相萃取-反相加压毛细管电色谱-紫外检测技术,建立了水体中乐果、敌敌畏、克百威、甲萘威、莠去津、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷、百菌清8种农药残留的同时检测方法。在最佳条件下,8种目标农药的线性范围分别为:3.4~100μg/mL、8.1~120μg/mL、1.2~50μg/mL、0.2~50μg/mL、0.1~50μg/mL、3.7~100μg/mL、11.2~150μg/mL、2.1~100μg/mL,相关系数为0.9961~0.9997;检出限(S/N=3)在0.03~3.7μg/mL之间,加标回收率在71.0%~114.1%范围,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.1%~9.8%。该方法简单、可靠、适用于水中多种农药残留的同时分析测定。     

柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法测定蔬菜中甲醛含量

建立了蔬菜中甲醛含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。样品用水提取、2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生及二氯甲烷萃取、浓缩后,采用Waters Sunfire C18色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,流动相为乙腈-水(1∶1,V/V),在355nm波长处紫外检测。甲醛在0.1~2.0μg/mL浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数0.9989,方法检出限为1.0 mg/kg,在2~10mg/kg添加浓度范围内,甲醛平均回收率为78.1%~114.2%,相对标准偏差在0.8%~9.5%之间。     

QuEChERS/气相色谱质谱法同时测定膨化食品中多环芳烃类物质

建立了同时测定膨化食品中12种多环芳烃(PAHs)的Qu EChERS/气相色谱三重四极杆质谱(GC-MS/MS)的方法。称取2 g(精确至0.01 g)样品,加入10 mL正己烷提取15 min,采用500 mg乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷化硅胶(PAS)和500 mg C18粉末进行净化,净化后进行GC-MS/MS分析测定。实验结果表明,12种多环芳烃在气相色谱中的分离度良好,在1~1000 ng/mL的浓度范围内线性关系良好。加标回收率测定范围为49%~130%,RSD在1.0%~10%(n=7)之间。检出限在0.20~0.66μg/kg之间,定量限在0.66~2.20μg/kg之间。该方法数据可靠、操作简单快捷、灵敏度高,适合大批量样品中PAHs的测定。     

动物肝脏中九种多溴联苯醚残留量的GC—NCI／MS分析

建立了动物肝脏中9种PBDEs残留量的气相色谱-负化学离子源/质谱(GC-NCI/MS)的分析方法。动物肝脏样品经V(正己烷)∶V(丙酮)=1∶1超声辅助提取,中性与酸性硅胶层析柱净化和V(正已烷)∶V(CH2Cl2)=1∶1洗脱和浓缩后,以PCB-103为内标物,采用GC-NCI/MS的选择离子监测方式(SIM)对其中的9种PBDEs残留量进行了定性与定量分析。当动物肝脏空白样品的加标质量浓度为5.0、20.0μg/kg(PBDE-183为6.0、24.0μg/kg)时,9种PBDEs的平均加标回收率为75.1%~88.2%,相对标准偏差为3.3%~7.9%,方法检出限均小于0.07μg/kg;线性范围除PBDE-183为0.12~600.0μg/kg外,其余8种PBDEs为0.1~500.0μg/kg,相关系数都大于0.9993。所建立的分析方法已用于5种动物肝脏的8个样品中9种PBDEs残留量的分析。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.