新型PbO2电极在测定COD中的初步应用

以新型PbO2电极作为工作电极组成三电极工作系统,以恒电位伏安法的原理测定电流值,并通过增大电位气泡更新法对电极再生,来阻止电极表面被污染,保证了测量的重现性,通过对葡萄糖标准溶液与邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液COD值的测定,表明此法有好的运用价值。     

半导体复合TiO2纳米光催化剂

对近年来利用半导体复合TiO2纳米光催化剂进行了介绍。总结了复合TiO2纳米光催化剂的制备、复合物的种类、光催化机理以及影响半导体复合TiO2光催化性能的因素。     

Photocurrent of TiO2 Photoelectrode Enhanced by Nafion Modification

Introduction Since Gratzel‘s group^[1-5] first fabricated the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) by using mesoporous TiO2 electrodes in 1991, as a possible alternative to P-N junction inorganic silicon cells, DSSCs have attracted more and more attention[6-11] The photo-to-electricity conversion of DSSCs is achieved by means of ultrafast electronin jection into the conduction band of TiO2 from an photoexcited dye, subsequent dye regeneration and hole transportation to the counter electrode.     

COD速测仪测定工业废水中CODCr

采用标准回流法和仪器法（用ＣＯＤ速测仪）对工业废水化学需氧量进行对照测定，结果发现，用ＣＯＤ速测仪测定工业废水，简便、快速、精密度好、准确度高。     

纳米TiO2光催化剂改性研究进展

TiO2光催化活性高,化学稳定性好,绿色环保及价廉等特点,在污水处理、有机污染物降解、催化制氢、抗菌抗癌及自清洁等方面有巨大的应用前景。然而TiO2半导体禁带宽,光谱范围小,光量子效率低等问题限制了其光催化性能。文章综述了TiO2光催化剂优化改性的研究进展,系统分析了TiO2半导体的结构特征与作用机理,以及TiO2光催化过程的影响因素,着重介绍了TiO2光催化剂多元优化改性方法的优势及不足,最后对未来发展新型TiO2基光催化剂提出了建议。     

表面氟化TiO2空心光催化剂制备及其应用

Recently, extensive studies have been carried out to synthesize spherical microassemblies with hollow interiors and specific surface functionalizations, which usually exhibit fascinating enhanced or emerging properties and have promising applications in catalysis, photocatalysis, energy conversion and storage, biomedical applications, etc. With particular emphasis on the results obtained mainly by the authors' research group, this review provides a brief summary of the recent progress on the fabrication and potential photocatalytic applications of fluorinated TiO₂ porous hollow microspheres(F-TiO₂ PHMs). The synthesis strategies for F-TiO₂ PHMs include a simplified two-step templating method and template-free method based on the fluoride-mediated self-transformation(FMST) mechanism. Compared to the two-step templating method, the template formation, coating, and removal steps for the FMST method are programmatically proceeded in "black-box"-like one-pot reactions without additional manual steps. The four underlying steps involved in the fabrication of F-TiO₂ PHMs through the FMST pathway, nucleation, self-assembly, surface recrystallization, and self-transformation, are presented. By controlling these four steps in the FMST pathway, F-TiO₂ PHMs can be successfully fabricated with a high yield by a simple one-pot hydrothermal treatment. The multi-level microstructural characteristics(including the interior cavity and hierarchical porosity) and compositions of hollow TiO₂ microspheres as well as the primary building blocks can be well tailored. The unique superstructures of the F-TiO₂ PHM photocatalysts provide advantages for photocatalytic applications by improving the light harvesting, mass transfer, and membrane antifouling. In addition, the in situ-introduced surface fluorine species during the formation of F-TiO₂ PHMs provide significant surface fluorination effects, which are not only favorable for the adsorption and activation of reactant molecules, but also beneficial for surface trapping and interfacial transfer of photo-excited electrons and holes. Moreover, the porous hollow superstructures exhibit considerably better compatibility and tolerance to guest modifications, and thus the photocatalytic performances of F-TiO₂ PHMs can be increased by synergetic host and guest modifications, such as ion doping, group functionalization, and nanoparticle loading. The light-harvesting range and intensity can be increased, the charge recombination can be reduced, mass transfer and adsorption can be promoted, and the surface reactivity can be tuned by introducing specific surface functionalities or nanoparticular cocatalysts. Consequently, the entire photocatalytic process can be systematically modulated to optimize the overall photocatalytic performance. The as-prepared F-TiO₂ PHMs typically integrate the merits of interior cavity, hierarchical porosity, and surface fluorination and are open to synergetic host-guest modifications, which provides abundant compositional/structural parameters and specific physicochemical properties for systematically modulating the interconnected photocatalytic processes and promising potential photocatalytic applications.     

XH-9004型COD快速测定仪在环境分析中的应用

化学需氧量(COD),是指在一定条件下,用强氧化剂处理水样时所消耗氧化剂的量,以氧的质量浓度ms／L来表示。COD反映了水样中受还原性物质污染的程度。目前,COD已经作为水体监测的重要指标之一,水体的COD值是各个监测点的必测项目。     

HACH替代试剂测定低COD浓度水样的实验研究

为节省测试费用,选择HACH的替代试剂对水样进行消解,而后用反应管在HACH分光光度计上比色测定,产生的误差较大.对消解样品改用滴定的分析方法,实验结果与传统回流法一致,两者的相对误差在5%之内,另外用该方法对4组标准水样进行测定,相对偏差均小于10%,准确度也0.04%～3.35%的范围内.该替代方法具有试剂用量少、成本低、操作简便等优点,适合在室内进行批量测试.     

TiO2光催化剂的可见光敏化研究

报道了共溶液掺杂法对二氧化钛光谱特性进行了可见光敏化的研究结果。实验结果表明：钡掺杂的二氧化钛光催化剂在可见照射下,对初始浓度为５０μｌ／Ｌ硫化氢,小时转化率高达９６．９％,ＸＰＳ结果证明了二氧化钛晶格中有钒离子存在。粉末电导结果进一步揭示了钒掺反杂二氧化钛中呈现两种导电机制和光谱响应红移的内在原因。     

STUDY ON APPLICATION OF POTASSIUM TITANATE WHISKER MATERIALS IN PREPARATION OF PHOTOCATALYST

The K2Ti4O9 whiskers were chosen for the catalyst carrier, TiO2/potassium titanate photocatalyst was prepared by Sol-gel method The product was characterated by X-ray diffraction and SEM. EDS shows that, the main peck included Ti, O, and K in potassium titanate whisker. The main peak of K disappeared and the peaks of Ti, O stayed after whisker was covered It directed that the surface of sample was covered by TiO2. XRD shows that diffraction peak appeared, which was corresponded to the peak of anatase TiO2. In the reaction device of photochemistry, using middle-pressure mercury lamp as illumination, rhodamine B as simulant pollutant, the photocatalytic performance of TiO2/potassium titanate was studied. Under the same conditions, the lower pH, the larger illuminance, the higher temperature, the greater aeration quantum and the lower initial concentration of rhodamine B, the higher decoloration rate was got. Under our experiment conditions： pH 6, the illuminance of 250W, the temperature of 313K, and the aeration quantum of 2.0L/min. When the concentration of rhodamine B was 8mg/L The photocatalyst of TiO2/potassium titanate was 0.01g/L. The decoloration rate of TiO2/potassium titanate dealt with the rhodamine B reach over 95% in 160min, and compare with TiO2, the decoloration rate of rhodamine B was improved 0.50-1.91 multiple. TiO2/potassium titanate can be used to treatment of dye wastewater.     

传感器技术在环境检测中的应用研究进展

传感器在环境检测方面可以分为气体传感器和液体传感器,其中气体传感器的主要检测对象为氮氧化合物、含硫氧化物;液体传感器则以重金属离子、农药、多环芳香烃类、生物来源类为检测对象.综述了近年来传感器技术在环境检测方面的应用研究进展.     

掺杂TiO2光催化膜材料的制备及其灭菌机理

采用sol-gel技术制备了掺杂TiO2膜,考察了制备条件对溶胶稳定性的影响,并从TiO2光催化反应的角度分析了膜功能材料的灭菌机理.结果表明,溶胶化过程中温度对掺杂胶体形成速度及胶体粒径分布影响很大,40℃时制备周期短,胶体稳定.TiO2膜材料的灭菌本质在于其光照激活后产生的自由基OH·和O-2·直接攻击细菌的细胞,致使细菌蛋白质变异或脂类分解,从而杀灭细菌并使之分解.TiO2膜功能材料的灭菌效果与TiO2晶相组成直接相关,其灭菌率随膜层中锐钛矿含量的增加而提高.     

电化学检测在流动注射分析中的应用

评述了近几年来电化学检测在流动注射分析中的应用，展望了流动注射电化学分析法的发展动向。     

固定在氧扩散膜表面的TiO2光催化膜

本文提出用氧扩散膜作TiO₂光催化膜的载体,介绍了氧扩散膜的制备及TiO₂在氧扩散膜表面的固定方法,TiO₂光催化膜的表面形态与微结构,不同条件下光催化分解草酸的速度.研究结果表明,以氧扩散膜作载体的TiO₂光催化薄膜表现出了较高的光催化活性.文中详细分析了氧扩散膜的作用.     

纤维素磁性微球在病原微生物检测中的应用研究

采用反向悬浮包埋技术和高速匀浆法制备了不同粒径的纤维素磁性微球,扫描电镜和铁离子分析结果表明,最佳粒径为5.82μm。后采用自行构建并表达的融合蛋白CBD-ProA和沙门氏菌多价抗体对最佳粒径的纤维素磁性微球进行活化,获得免疫磁性微球,其抗体偶联量为186.8mg/mL。最后采用致敏的免疫磁性微球分别对污染沙门氏菌的饮用水、牛奶和花生酱等样品进行免疫磁性捕获及分子鉴定,其检测限均可达10cfu/100mL。本研究开发的免疫磁性捕获技术,具有微球活化速度快、工艺简单、使用便捷等优势,同时,建立的免疫磁性捕获-PCR的方法与国标法相比,检测时间缩短48h,在食品安全、环境检测等方面具有实用价值。     

毛细管电泳电化学检测在生物分子分析中的进展

对近年来毛细管电泳电化学检测在生物分子（氨基酸、蛋白质、脱氧核糖核酸和糖等）分析中的应用进展作出综述,展望了电化学检测在毛细管电泳中的应用前景（引用文献55篇）。     

固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2对萘齐聚反应的催化作用

报道了使用固体超强酸催化剂ＳＯ２４／ＴｉＯ２对萘进行的齐聚反应。考察了不同制备条件如焙烧温度、硫酸浓度与催化活性之间的关系，同时研究了反应因素对收率的影响。实验表明，当硫酸浓度为０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、焙烧温度在４５０～５００℃之间，催化剂的反应活性最高；延长反应时间、提高反应温度将有利于齐聚反应的进行；改变催化剂剂量也会影响齐聚反应。此外采用质谱分析方法对萘齐聚产物进行了分析，结果表明萘在ＳＯ２４／ＴｉＯ２的作用下生成的齐聚产物以二聚体为主，其分子量分布主要集中在二聚体到四聚体之间。     

负载型Pt-TiO2光催化剂的研究

TiO2粉末悬浮体系是一种研究比较早的光催化反应体系[1,2].由于它存在易凝聚和难回收等缺点,给实际应用带来了一定的困难.克服这一障碍的有效途径是制备负载型TiO2[3].所以,这些年来人们对负载型TiO2光催化体系颇有兴趣.从目前的文献报道来看,制备负载型TiO2的方法主要是溶胶法[4].采用溶胶法可在导体或非导体的基体上获得结合牢固、尺寸分布均匀的薄膜,但是膜的催化活性有待于提高.