一种求解二维辐射流体力学方程组的显隐式格式（英文）

构造一种求解二维辐射流体力学方程组的有限体积方法。相较于Euler方程组,辐射流体力学方程组的数值格式设计更为困难。不仅辐射压力与辐射能量的强非线性增加了数值计算的难度,而且求解强激波问题也是一大难点。与此同时,物质量以声速传播,辐射量以光速传播也增加了该系统求解的难度。为了克服这些难点,我们使用MUSCL-Hancock方法求解模型的双曲部分,利用TR/BDF2的变换格式求解其扩散部分。给出了灰非平衡扩散模型关于时间的渐近分析。最后,通过数值实验展现该格式的表现。     

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在三维三温辐射流体力学方程组求解过程中,为解决复杂的等离子体流场和难度大的三维网格计算,提出了用物理量迁移法求解方程组,并对三温能量方程采用了一种改进的显示算法。由此获得了较好的数值结果。     

强爆炸火球数值模拟中的算子分裂方法

采用算子分裂方法将辐射流体力学方程组分裂为对流项和刚性源项,设计一种高效求解刚性源项方程组的数值方法.数值实验表明:该方法对时间步长不敏感,计算精度能够满足工程计算要求.在不对方程组做任何近似的情况下,数值给出了较长时间内火球冲击波阵面压力峰值及阵面位置的变化,结果与实际强爆炸中的经验公式吻合较好.     

强爆炸早期火球现象的一维数值研究

采用一维球对称辐射流体力学方程组,构建直接求解辐射输运方程的一种数值方法,得到强爆炸早期火球发展过程中火球阵面、弹壳冲击波的形成发展过程.计算结果与Brode结果进行对比,二者一致,证明数值方法的合理性.数值模拟爆炸源区不同当量、不同密度以及不同爆炸高度等条件下强爆炸早期火球发展过程中火球阵面、弹壳冲击波的形成发展过程,对计算结果进行比较分析.     

隐-显积分因子间断Galerkin方法求解二维辐射扩散方程

提出一种求解二维非平衡辐射扩散方程的数值方法.空间离散上采用加权间断Galerkin有限元方法,其中数值流量的构造采用一种新的加权平均;时间离散上采用隐-显积分因子方法,将扩散系数线性化,然后用积分因子方法求解间断Galerkin方法离散后的非线性常微分方程组.数值试验中在非结构网格上求解了多介质的辐射扩散方程.结果表明:对于强非线性和强耦合的非线性扩散方程组,该方法是一种非常有效的数值算法.     

电磁内爆X射线数值计算

 叙述一维辐射磁流体力学方程组（三温）的数值模拟,用于电磁内爆X射线计算。动量方程、三温方程组采用分裂法求解,以克服强耦合非线性可能引起的数值不稳定性。采用隐式差分格式避免小时间步长限制。隐式格式采用Newton-Raphson法迭代求解。使用了分层网格、加权平均,迭代初值公式,自动调整时间步长,奇点处理等特殊处理方法。最后给出Pegasus l装置一个实验模型的计算结果,获得15 J的X射线能量,峰值功率为16 GW。     

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从Lagrange观点出发,采用分裂格式法求解一维辐射流体力学方程组中的三温方程,用于紧凑等离子体环与靶碰撞产生的X射线辐射的数值模拟研究。提出了求解电子、离子、辐射场三温相脱离的能量方程的隐式差分格式,介绍了能量交换项与压力做功及热传导项分开计算的分裂格式方法,数值模拟得到了其对温度变化的影响。     

球坐标下二维激光驱动内爆的数值模拟

概述了球坐标下二维内爆动力学研究的物理问题和使用的计算方法.讨论了用隐式完全守恒差分格式求解流体力学方程组,用变分原理求解热传导方程等特点.给出了数值模拟的算例,以考查激光不对称性对直接驱动内爆过程的影响.     

FOI-PERFECT程序对电磁驱动高能量密度系统的三维弛豫磁流体力学模拟

提出一个完整的弛豫磁流体力学模型用于电磁驱动高能量密度系统的数值模拟, 它由弛豫电磁波动、弛豫热输运、P1/3近似辐射输运以及流体力学构成。电磁部分在真空区退化为电磁传播, 在等离子体物质区退化为磁扩散近似, 并且相速和群速是有上界的。这意味着弛豫磁流体力学能退化到传统的电阻性磁流体力学, 并且能用显式方法数值求解, 便于大规模高效并行化。基于此弛豫磁流体力学模型开发了三维辐射磁流体力学程序FOI-PERFECT, 指出了所采用的关键数值技术, 并给出了一些应用例子。     

混合Krylov子空间算法及其应用

给出了一种适合二维三温辐射流体力学能量方程的大型稀疏线性代数方程组的混合迭代算法.计算结果显示,该算法解二维三温辐射流体力学能量方程的大型稀疏线性代数方程组比原有算法快4倍左右;原有算法不收敛时,该算法收敛;各物理量也符合得很好.     

Excitation of orotron oscillations at the doubled frequency of a surface wave

We study theoretically an electron frequency self-multiplier in which a surface mode of a periodic system is self-excited at a low frequency for a comparatively low current. The electron bunches, which appear as a result of this, excite the volume mode of an open resonator at the doubled frequency (coherent Smith-Purcell radiation). The open-resonator scheme allows one to obtain the higher power and coherence degree of radiation compared with the presently popular frequency multiplication scheme with an open periodic system (diffraction grating). The weakly relativistic and relativistic variants of the multipliers with a two-mirror open resonator designed for obtaining a high-power coherent radiation in the short-wavelength part of the millimeter and submillimeter ranges are studied numerically. The developed approach can also be used for designing high-power frequency multipliers on the basis of an array of nonlinear solid-state elements.     

Transient,combined conduction and radiation in an absorbing,emitting, and isotropically scattering solid sphere

Transient, combined conduction and radiation is solved in an absorbing, emitting, and isotropically scattering solid sphere with a black boundary initially at a uniform temperature and for times t > 0 subjected to a constant temperature at the spherical surface. The collocation method is used to solve the radiation part of this problem and the implicit finite difference scheme is used to solve the conduction part. The effects of the conduction-to-radiation parameter, the single scattering albedo, the optical thickness of the medium on the temperature distribution and the heat flux in the medium are examined.     

Role of weak transitions in multiphoton excitation of molecules by IR laser radiation

Simultaneous excitation of a considerable part of molecules from many rotational levels of the ground state to higher vibrational states by IR laser radiation can be explained by considering weak transitions in a rotational band structure as it is shown at the example of SF₆ molecule. Very accurate compensation of anharmonicity in relatively wide spectral interval at comparatively low intensity of laser radiation can be explained on this basis. The considered scheme can be applied to the molecules of various symmetry with arbitrary anharmonicity.     

A second order self-consistent IMEX method for radiation hydrodynamics

We present a second order self-consistent implicit/explicit (methods that use the combination of implicit and explicit discretizations are often referred to as IMEX (implicit/explicit) methods ,  and ) time integration technique for solving radiation hydrodynamics problems. The operators of the radiation hydrodynamics are splitted as such that the hydrodynamics equations are solved explicitly making use of the capability of well-understood explicit schemes. On the other hand, the radiation diffusion part is solved implicitly. The idea of the self-consistent IMEX method is to hybridize the implicit and explicit time discretizations in a nonlinearly consistent way to achieve second order time convergent calculations. In our self-consistent IMEX method, we solve the hydrodynamics equations inside the implicit block as part of the nonlinear function evaluation making use of the Jacobian-free Newton Krylov (JFNK) method ,  and . This is done to avoid order reductions in time convergence due to the operator splitting. We present results from several test calculations in order to validate the numerical order of our scheme. For each test, we have established second order time convergence.     

X-ray spectrum determination from the angular dispersion of radiation in a diamond prism

The X-ray spectrum of hard polychromatic radiation with energies of up to 40 keV was obtained from the angular dispersion of the radiation beam in a diamond prism. In contrast to the classical optical scheme, the beam to be analyzed is passed through the entrance face of the prism without refraction and is directed onto the exit face at a glancing angle ～(2δ)^1/2, where δ is the real part of the decrement of the refractive index for the short-wavelength edge of the spectrum. The spectrum distortions caused by the intersection of the reciprocal lattice points by the Ewald sphere at a fixed number of wavelengths λ are minimized by the use of the angular divergence of the beam of ～10′ in the plane perpendicular to the refraction plane. In the energy range of 8–9 keV, an energy resolution of less than 100 eV was obtained, which exceeds the corresponding parameter for cooled semiconductor detectors. The measuring scheme suggested makes it possible to solve the problem of the analysis of spectra of directional X-ray beams when studying fast nonstationary generation processes.     

一、二维弹塑性流体动力学数值计算的高精度新自由面格式

提出了适用于X射线或电子束辐照、爆炸和高速碰撞等问题的一、二维弹塑性流体动力学数值模拟计算的一种新自由面格式。对于X射线及电子束辐照材料与结构的热-力学效应的数值计算结果表明,该新自由面格式明显优于目前一直沿用的Richtmyer格式。从理论上证明了该新自由面格式具有三阶精度,而Richtmyer格式为一阶精度。     

辐射流体力学的分子动理学自适应加密方法(英文)

通过构造新的平衡分布函数和结合分区自适应网格加密方法,对不带扩散项的平衡辐射流体力学方程,构造二阶的分子动理学BGK-AMR格式.一方面在关心的计算区域中局部加密计算网格,提高计算精度的同时大大节省了计算网格数量和计算时间;另一方面,不同于已有的参数强耦合平衡分布函数,新构造的平衡分布函数中各参数不相互依赖,简化了辐射流体力学分子动理学格式的计算.一维和二维的数值算例显示了格式的性能.     

Ensemble of ultra-high intensity attosecond pulses from laser-plasma interaction

The efficient generation of intense X-rays and γ-radiation is studied. The scheme is based on the relativistic mirror concept, i.e., a flying thin plasma slab interacts with a counterpropagating laser pulse, reflecting part of it in the form of an intense ultra-short electromagnetic pulse having an up-shifted frequency. In the proposed scheme a series of relativistic mirrors is generated in the interaction of the intense laser with a thin foil target as the pulse tears off and accelerates thin electron layers. A counterpropagating pulse is reflected by these flying layers in the form of an ensemble of ultra-short pulses resulting in a significant energy gain of the reflected radiation due to the momentum transfer from flying layers.     

Heat transfer characteristics of a porous radiant burner under the influence of a 2-D radiation field

This paper deals with the heat transfer analysis of a 2-D rectangular porous radiant burner. Combustion in the porous medium is modelled as a spatially dependent heat generation zone. The gas and the solid phases are considered in non-local thermal equilibrium, and separate energy equations are used for the two phases. The solid phase is assumed to be absorbing, emitting and scattering, while the gas phase is considered transparent to radiation. The radiative part of the energy equation is solved using the collapsed dimension method. The alternating direction implicit scheme is used to solve the transient 2-D energy equations. Effects of various parameters on the performance of the burner are studied.     

Calibration of the X-Ray spectroheliograph Mg XII for the 0.84 nm spectral line for the TESIS experiment

The spectroheliograph for monochromatic imaging of the solar corona at the 0.84 nm resonance line of a Mg XII ion is a part of the TESIS instrumentation onboard the CORONAS-PHOTON satellite. The main optical elements of the spectroheliograph are the focusing crystalline mirror and imaging detector based on a CCD array. The optical scheme of the spectroheliograph, procedure, and results of calibrations of the optical elements within the working spectral range are presented. Diffraction efficiency and the rocking curve of the crystalline mirror, sensitivity, and radiation hardness of the detector were measured. It was found that the diffraction efficiency is 10%, the width of the rocking curve is ～3′, the detector sensitivity is 31 ADC units per photon, and the radiation hardness is better than 10⁷ rad within the working spectral range.