Are vortex numbers preserved?

We study noncommutative vortex solutions that minimize the action functional of the Abelian Higgs model in 2-dimensional noncommutative Euclidean space. We first consider vortex solutions which are deformed from solutions defined on commutative Euclidean space to the noncommutative one. We construct solutions whose vortex numbers are unchanged under the noncommutative deformation. Another class of noncommutative vortex solutions via a Fock space representation is also studied.     

A monopole-like classical solution to a purely fermionic model of even dimensions

We present a static solution to the classical field equations of a purely spinorial model with SO(2n) internal symmetry in 2n dimensions. The model contains composite vector fields which have solutions of the Wu-Yang monopole type.     

Noncommutative deformation of instantons

We study instanton solutions on noncommutative Euclidean 4-space which are deformations of instanton solutions on commutative Euclidean 4-space. We show that the instanton numbers of these noncommutative instanton solutions coincide with the commutative solutions and conjecture that the instanton number in R⁴${\mathbb{R}}^4$ is preserved for general noncommutative deformations. We also study noncommutative deformation of instanton solutions on a T⁴$T^4$ with twisted boundary conditions.     

The gravitational anomalies in de Sitter space

All solutions to the consistency equations are determined which have to be satisfied by anomalies in gravitational theories with a de Sitter-invariant groundstate. They turn out to be identical with the solutions for a Poincaré-invariant groundstate.     

Constructive Renormalization for Interacting Fermions

In the framework of quantum field theory, constructive renormalization techniques allow to explicitly construct the solutions for the Schwinger correlation functions and derive their analyticity properties. We will introduce the ideas of the technique for a toy model of weakly interacting fermions.     

Sp(2) renormalization

The renormalization of general gauge theories on flat and curved space–time backgrounds is considered within the Sp(2)-covariant quantization method. We assume the existence of a gauge-invariant and diffeomorphism invariant regularization. Using the Sp(2)-covariant formalism one can show that the theory possesses gauge-invariant and diffeomorphism invariant renormalizability to all orders in the loop expansion and the extended BRST-symmetry after renormalization is preserved. The advantage of the Sp(2) method compared to the standard Batalin–Vilkovisky approach is that, in reducible theories, the structure of ghosts and ghosts for ghosts and auxiliary fields is described in terms of irreducible representations of the Sp(2) group. This makes the presentation of solutions to the master equations in more simple and systematic way because they are Sp(2)-scalars.     

Positive particle frequencies in some time-periodic universes

We consider the Klein-Gordon equation in FRW-like universes which are periodic in a suitable scale of time. In a remarkable sector of solutions, the Floquet theory of differential equations allows for generalizing the notion of particle frequency. In this sense, the sesquilinear form associated with Gordon's current is positive definite when restricted to the sub-sector of positive frequencies.     

Self-dual Vortices in a Maxwell–Chern–Simons Model with Non-minimal Coupling

We study self-dual vortex solutions in a Maxwell – Chern – Simons model with anomalous magnetic moment. We establish the existence of multivortex solutions and obtain the quantized energy and the magnetic flux. We also prove the uniqueness of solutions when there is only one vortex point.      

Yang—Mills instantons over Riemann surfaces

Exact solutions to the self-dual Yang—Mills equations over Riemann surfaces of arbitrary genus are constructed. They are characterized by the conformal class of the Riemann surface. They correspond to U(1) instantonic solutions for an Abelian-Higgs system. A functional action of a genus g Riemann surface is constructed, with minimal points being the two-dimensional self-dual connections. The exact solutions may be interpreted as connecting initial and final nontrivial vacuum states of a conformal theory, in the sense of Segal, with a Feynman functor constructed from the functional integral of the action.     

Harmonics on hyperspheres,separation of variables and the bethe ansatz

A class of integrable evolution systems in the spacetimeR ²ⁿ⁺¹ (n 2) based on the generalized self-dual Yang-Mills equations are constructed. It is proved that the Darboux matrix method is applicable to these systems and a lot of explicit solutions are obtained. Starting with the trivial solutions, single soliton solutions and multi-soliton solutions are constructed. They are almost localized and the interaction between solitons is almost elastic.Supported by Chinese national basic research project Nonlinear Science and Japanese Inoue Scientific Foundation.     

Bound-state solutions of the Maxwell-Dirac and the Klein-Gordon-Dirac systems

In this Letter we present a result concerning the existence of stationary solutions for the classical Maxwell-Dirac equations in the Lorentz gauge. We believe that such a result can be of interest for a field quantization approach in QED. This result is obtained by using variational arguments. By a similar method, we also find an infinity of distinct solutions for the Klein-Gordon-Dirac system, arising in the so-called Yukawa model.Supported by contract MM-31 with Bulgarian Ministry of Culture, Science and Education and A. Von Humboldt Foundation.Partially supported by NSF grant DMS-9114456.     

Particle creation in asymptotically Minkowskian spacetimes

Exact solutions of Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations are obtained for two classes of Robertson–Walker (RW) spacetimes with asymptotically Minkowskian regions. One class is Minkowskian in the remote past and future. In this class in$in$ and out$out$ vacua are well defined, because the scale factor reduces to a constant at the asymptotic regions. Another class is asymptotically flat only in the far past. Using the obtained exact solutions we calculate the density of scalar and Dirac particles created through the Bogolubov transformations technique. For Dirac field it is shown that the rates of creation of particles and antiparticles are equal.     

On the classical lump of Yang-Mills fields

It is shown that for pure Yang-Mills fields there is no lump phenomena if the total energy is infinite and diverges mildly in a certain sense. This improves the well-known classical result on the absence of a lump for the finite total energy case. Some exact lump solutions are obtained showing that the energy condition cannot be removed. The results are valid for more general fields.This work was supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation, the Chinese Fund of Doctor Programs, and the University of Paris VI, and University of Bourgogne.     

Self-dual Yang-Mills fields in d=7,8, octonions and ward equations

The Yang-Mills theories in d=7 and d=8 with the arbitrary gauge group G are considered. Generalized self-duality-type relations for gauge fields are reduced to systems of nonlinear differential equations on functions of one variable (Ward equations). Ward equations may be reduced to equations which follow from Yang-Baxter equations. This permits us to obtain new classes of explicit solutions of the Yang-Mills equations in d=7 and d=8.     

Absence of species doubling in finite-element quantum electrodynamics

In this Letter, it will be demonstrated explicitly that the finite-element formulation of quantum electrodynamics is free from fermion doubling. We do this by (1) examining the lattice fermion propagator and using it to compute the one-loop vacuum polarization on the lattice, and (2) by an explict computation of vector and axial-vector current anomalies for an arbitrary rectangular lattice in the Schwinger model. There it is shown that requiring that the vector current be conserved necessitates the use of a square lattice, in which case the axial-vector current is anomalous.     

Quantization of a Hamiltonian system with an infinite number of degrees of freedom

We propose a method of quantization of a discrete Hamiltonian system with an infinite number of degrees of freedom. Our approach is analogous to the usual finite-dimensional quantum mechanics. We construct an infinite-dimensional Schrödinger equation. We show that it is possible to pass from the finite-dimensional quantum mechanics to our construction in the limit when the number of particles tends to infinity. Rigorous mathematical methods are used.     

Classical Yang-Mills-Dirac equations: Qualitative analysis of some solutions with a noncompact symmetry group

We consider classical Yang-Mills and Yang-Mills-Dirac equations on Minkowski space, with gauge group SU(2), and look for solutions invariant (up to a gauge transformation) under SO(3)×SO₀(1, 1) and SO₀(2, 1)×SO(2), respectively. In each case, we analyze the qualitative features of the solutions, in particular the asymptotic behavior as the solution approaches its singularities. The method is based on standard theorems from the theory of nonlinear ordinary differential equations.     

Self-dual Yang-Mills fields in eight dimensions

Strongly self-dual Yang-Mills fields in even-dimensional spaces are characterised by a set of constraints on the eigenvalues of the Yang-Mills fieldsF . We derive a topological bound on R⁸, , wherep1 is the first Pontryagin class of the SO(n) Yang-Mills bundle, andk is a constant. Strongly self-dual Yang-Mills fields realise the lower bound.     

Sigma-models having supermanifolds as target spaces

We study a topological sigma-model (A-model) in the case when the target space is an (m ₀|m ₁)-dimensional supermanifold. We prove under certain conditions that such a model is equivalent to an A-model having an (m ₀–m ₁)-dimensional manifold as a target space. We use this result to prove that in the case when the target space of A-model is a complete intersection in a toric manifold, this A-model is equivalent to an A-model having a toric supermanifold as a target space.Research supported in part by NSF grant No. DMS-9201366.