虚光场对光场与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体相互作用系统中光场压缩性质的影响

在压缩真空态光场和二能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体相互作用系统中, 应用全量子理论, 采用非旋波近似, 研究了光场的压缩特性以及原子本征频率、原子-光场的耦合系数、光场初始压缩因子以及虚光场对系统光场压缩特性的影响. 研究表明, 光场的两个正交分量均被周期性压缩, 其压缩深度与光场初始压缩因子有关, 光场与原子的耦合系数决定了光场的量子崩塌-回复频率,虚光场效应使得光场的压缩深度增强.     

Rapid magnetization reversal in magnetic small particles induced by non-static bias field

Magnetization reversal processes by a switching field in single-domain nano-sized magnetic particles in the presence of a small transverse non-static bias field are studied. Applying an oscillating bias field instead of a static field, the reversal time becomes much shorter when the switching field is slightly stronger than the effective anisotropy field. A pulsed bias field of a suitably chosen duration in the nanosecond scale is found to induce a rapid switching, even when the switching field is smaller than the anisotropy field. The dependence of the reversal time on the frequency of an oscillating bias field and the duration of a pulsed bias field are studied. The present work thus complement the earlier studies on switching in the presence of a static bias field.     

稀释晶场对spin-1和spin-1/2混合自旋纳米管中 Blume-Capel模型磁化强度的研究

利用有效场理论研究了纳米管上稀释晶场中混合自旋Blume-Capel模型格点的磁化强度,得到了系统格点的磁化强度与稀释晶场取值概率、外磁场和晶场的关系.结果表明:取值概率、外磁场、交换相互作用和晶场强度等诸多因素相互竞争,使系统表现出比恒定晶场作用的Blume-Capel模型更为丰富的磁学特性;外磁场能够增大系统格点的磁化强度,导致系统的二级相变消失;负晶场的作用使系统发生一级相变;稀释晶场会抑制系统的磁化强度,导致其基态饱和值小于1.     

利用轴向磁化的永磁环制造轴向梯度磁场

首先叙述了由单个轴向磁化环所产生的磁场,并就两个永磁环所产生的纵向磁场进行了分析.对于两个沿同一方向磁化的永磁体环,沿磁环中心线将会产生一个强度较为均匀的轴向磁场.如果两者的磁化方向相反,则在两磁铁间的区域将产生一个纵向的梯度磁场,其磁场强度介于-B₀到+B₀之间.设计制造了一个高梯度的轴向磁场,其磁场梯度为47.2Tm,测量结果与计算结果非常一致.文中还讨论了产生变梯度磁场的方法.由于永磁环所产生的磁场和螺线管的磁场较为相似,磁铁外部空间将有较大的漏场,最后还讨论了屏蔽漏场的问题.     

Influence of Partial Coherent Light on the Transmission Spectrum and Goos-Hänchen Shift in Rydberg Atomic Medium

A cold atomic medium(Rydberg medium) with cascade configuration under the blockade mechanism is considered. A partial coherent light(PCL) beam is incident on the medium, which makes an angle θ with z-axis. We study the influence of PCL field on the transmission spectrum and find high transmission of probe field for PCL field.Conversely, it is investigated that the transparency of probe field decrease for coherent light field. The transmission of probe field is also studied via beam width of PCL field and investigated high transmission of probe field for small beam width and vice versa. Interestingly, the Goos-H?nchen shift(GHS) in the transmitted light(TL) is studied for PCL field. Large negative and positive GHS in the TL are investigated for PCL field and small beam width of PCL field.     

Radiative corrections in a vector-tensor model

In a recently proposed model in which a vector non-Abelian gauge field interacts with an antisymmetric tensor field, it has been shown that the tensor field possesses no physical degrees of freedom. This formal demonstration is tested by computing the one-loop contributions of the tensor field to the self-energy of the vector field. It is shown that despite the large number of Feynman diagrams in which the tensor field contributes, the sum of these diagrams vanishes, confirming that it is not physical. Furthermore, if the tensor field were to couple with a spinor field, it is shown at one-loop order that the spinor self-energy is not renormalizable, and hence this coupling must be excluded. In principle though, this tensor field does couple to the gravitational field.     

Investigation of electric fields inside and outside a magnetised cold plasma sphere

Based on the scales transformation of electromagnetic theory,the analytical expressions of electric fields inside and outside a magnetised cold plasma sphere are presented by reforming the spherical electromagnetic parameter.The obtained results are in good agreement with that in the literature.The angle between the direction of inside field and that of outside field is derived.In S wave band,calculations for the effects induced by parameters of the inner field are established.Simulations show that the angle between incident field and the outside magnetic field influences the inner field remarkably.The inner field will increase as the electron density increases.The inner field varies with frequency nonlinearly.There is an angle between the inner field and the incident field,it changes nonlinearly with the frequency.     

非自由声场中目标声场还原与重建的等效源方法

为消除在非自由声场中重建声场时干扰声源对重建效果的影响,提出一种采用单个测量面上的声压和质点振速作为输入、等效源法作为分离和重建算法的非自由声场中目标声场还原与重建方法。该方法首先利用单面声压-质点振速测量和基于等效源法的声场分离技术将测量的混合声场分离为来自目标声源的向外传播的声场和来自干扰声源的向内传播的声场,然后利用向内传播的声场和目标声源的边界条件计算出干扰声在目标声源表面产生的散射声场,并将其从向外传播的声场中去除,还原出目标声源在自由声场条件下的辐射声场,最后利用还原的声场实现目标声场重建。通过数值仿真和实验检验了该方法的有效性和必要性。仿真和实验的结果表明,该方法可以在非自由声场的测量条件下,有效地去除干扰声的影响,实现目标声场的准确重建。      

基于物理光学法的建筑物内高功率微波耦合场分布计算

利用物理光学法计算了高功率微波在建筑物内的耦合场分布。根据建筑物墙壁和窗户的透射率可以得到墙壁内侧的透射场,将它代入到矢量衍射公式中直接计算出在整个建筑物内的透射场;根据建筑物地面的反射率得到地板表面的反射场,将它代入到矢量衍射公式中可计算出整个建筑物内的反射场;对透射场与反射场进行矢量相加,得到叠加场。将本文方法得到的场分布情况和时域有限差分法得到的场分布进行比较,二者结果一致。物理光学法的优点在于其物理图像清晰,计算量小,计算速度快,适合应用在大型建筑物内部耦合场分布计算上。     

感生电场与动生电场的等效性探究

本文认为在感生电场的情况下,磁场的强弱变化可以引起磁场自身的横向运动,使得线圈中电子相对于磁场发生运动,从而等效为一个动生电场,受到洛伦兹力的作用.借助磁感线模拟磁场的运动方式,得到圆形回路中任意一点与磁场相对运动速度的表达式,进而推得该＂等效动生电场＂中的洛伦兹力.以螺线管为例,验证该方法可以解释感生电场所满足的规律.将感生电场与动生电场的产生原因统一为导体中电子与磁场的相对运动,相应电动势的非静电力统一为洛伦兹力.     

采用分布式球形阵列的球谐波域声场分离方法

为从测得的混合声场信号中提取出需要的目标声场,提出一种基于分布式球形传声器阵列的声场分离方法。该方法依据声场的球谐波分解,利用阵列各传声器采集到的声场声压信号,获得目标声场与干扰声场的球谐波展开系数,进而估计目标声场。该方法利用声场以不同中心展开的球谐波系数之间的变换关系,直接建立传声器测量声压信号与整体坐标系下声场展开系数的方程,与传统的分布式球形阵列声场分离方法,即先求解局部坐标系下声场展开系数,再变换为整体展开系数的方法,进行比较。分别通过数值仿真和实验说明了提出方法的有效性。结果表明:该方法能够从混合声场中较准确地估计出目标声场,并且在干扰声场能量增大时,保持了较小的声场估计误差,相比于传统方法误差增加更少。     

Regular Electric Field in Electromagnetic Coupled to a Scalar Field

In the framework of an electromagnetic field coupled nonminimally with a scalar field in flat spacetime, the existence of a non-singular electric field is proved for a point electric charge or electric monopole. In analogy with the Maxwell-dilaton system introduced by Gibbons and Wells, first, a Maxwell-anti-dilaton system is constructed where the radial electric field of a static electric monopole is coupled to an anti-dilaton. The field equations are solved analytically for the electric and dilaton fields and observe the nonsingular electric field. Also, the self-energy of the electric monopole is found to be finite. Furthermore, the formalism to a Maxwell-scalar field is generalized where a mechanism is introduced upon which the coupled regular-electric field and scalar field is obtained. The formalism shows that for a given regular electric field there are two supersymmetric coupling functions corresponding to a scalar and a phantom field.     

平面横电磁波模的初值问题

经典理论所描述的电场和磁场处处同相的平面电磁波模并不存在.Maxwell方程组的解依赖于 电磁场的初始值或边界条件,根据不同的初始条件解得的平面电磁波模是不同的.结果表明 ,平面电磁波是横波,在不同的位置,由变化的电场激发的磁场或由变化的磁场激发的电场 振幅不同,电场与磁场的相位差也不同. 关键词： Maxwell方程组 最优微分方程 初始条件 平面电磁波     

四能级原子系统中电磁感应吸收的相位控制

在以三个电偶极跃迁构成简并N型四能级系统中,利用密度矩阵方程计算了介质对探测场的吸收,研究了激光场拉比相位对吸收的影响.结果表明:介质对探测场的吸收和放大取决于控制场和信号场的拉比相位,且吸收和放大随控制场、信号场的拉比相位改变而作周期性变化,周期为2π;而探测场的拉比相位变化对吸收没有影响.同时,控制场、信号场拉比相位对吸收的影响是相同的,而且拉比相位主要影响原子相干,对原子布居影响不大.     

高速飞行器磁控阻力特性

采用低磁雷诺数磁流体数学模型,对外加磁场下的高超声速半球体流场进行数值模拟.选取三种简单理想磁场(轴向、径向、周向均布磁场),分析了不同磁场类型对流场结构、气动阻力与洛伦兹阻力的影响及作用机理.研究发现,轴向磁场径向"挤压"效应使得激波外形凸出,且壁面静压存在"饱和现象";径向磁场存在轴向"外推"效应,较大的磁场强度会导致肩部形成高温区;周向磁场下感应电场的存在导致增阻效果很差.进而对比了两种相同驻点磁感应强度特殊分布磁场(偶极子磁场、螺线管磁场)下的流场,发现了不同于理想磁场的径向"扩张"效应.按增阻效果从大到小依次为径向磁场、螺线管磁场、轴向磁场、偶极子磁场、周向磁场.     

Dependence of space charge field and gain coefficient on the applied electric field in photorefractive materials

Intensity dependent space charge field and gain coefficient in the photorefractive medium due to the two interfering beams have been calculated by solving the material rate equations in presence of externally applied dc electric field. The gain coefficient has been studied with respect to variations in the input intensity, modulation depth, concentration ratio and normalized diffusion field in the absence and presence of the externally applied dc electric field. Space charge field has also been computed by varying the intensity ratio in the presence and absence of the externally applied dc electric field. It has been found that the rate of change of the space charge field with the normalized dc field decreases with the increasing intensity ratio for different values of the normalized diffusion field. It has also been found that the externally applied dc electric field has appreciable effect only when it is larger than the diffusion field.     

静电场和稳恒电流磁场诸定律的统一性浅探

从点电荷的场强公式出发，根据狭义相对论中场强张量的变换，推导出了静电场和稳恒电流磁场的诸定律，使学生对电场和磁场的统一性有了更为深刻的认识．     

Fluctuation polarimetry

We examine the relationship between the strength of the intensity fluctuations and the polarimetric properties of a random electromagnetic field composed of a Gaussian, random field, and nonrandom field, and we present a method for determining the state of polarization of the Gaussian random field. The approach relies on incoherently mixing a Gaussian random field with a controllable reference field and measuring the intensity fluctuations of their superposition. We demonstrate that by controlling the reference field, the full polarimetric information about the Gaussian random field can be uniquely determined.     

重力场和强磁场中费米气体的热力学性质

基于半经典近似,研究重力场和强磁场共存下费米气体的热力学性质,通过理论解析和数值模拟分析强磁场背景下重力场对系统热力学性质的影响.研究表明:与单纯强磁场相比,重力场的引入使能量及化学势都降低.随温度的上升,重力场对化学势的影响逐渐放大;对热容的影响有极大值.重力场使系统的热容随磁场的振荡几乎不变、使化学势的振荡中心下移.     

Kerr效应对非线性Jaynes-Cummings模型场熵和缠结的影响

Phoenix和Knight提出的量子熵理论,用量子熵作为缠结程度的量度,研究了附加克尔介质依赖强度耦合Jaynes-Cummings模型场熵演化的动力学特性和原子-场的缠结特性,详细地讨论了克尔效应及初始相干光场的强弱对场熵演化特性和原子-场缠结特性的影响,并与原子反转特性相比较.结果表明:在初始相干光场较弱时(n=10),克尔介质的非线性相互作用破坏了场熵演化的周期性,原子-场不再周期消缠结.但在初始相干光场较强时(n=50),克尔介质非线性相互作用只是使场熵演化的周期性减弱,场熵的演化仍近似地有周期性,原子-场仍周期消缠结,克尔效应越强,周期越小.当克尔介质与光场强耦合相互作用时(χ/g=5),原子-场持续消缠结.