二维随机体系中长寿命模的研究

用时域有限差分法求解Maxwell方程,数值研究了TM模在二维随机散射体系中传输,通过傅里叶变换得到不同几何参量和光学参量的散射体系内长寿命模的频谱。计算得出宽带脉冲源激励随机散射体系后,存在于随机体系中的长寿命模频谱以分立频率窗口的形式存在。建立了用以解释长寿命模以分立频率窗口存在的物理模型,该模型与数值研究结果吻合较好,论证了存在于随机散射体系中长寿命模的形成机制与传统光学谐振腔内冷腔模形成机制的相似性。     

多纵模受激布里渊散射阈值

针对自由运转激光, 通过在多纵模受激布里渊散射理论中引进不同纵模的随机初始相位，推 导出抽运光模间隔不受任何限制的宽带多纵模SBS耦合波方程，讨论了宽带SBS阈值与抽运光 线宽、模数、模间隔、布里渊线宽及有效相互作用长度之间的关系. 理论与已有实验结果符 合得很好. 关键词： 受激布里渊散射 多纵模 阈值     

受激热瑞利散射诱导的小尺度不稳定性

从光受激散射的思想出发,建立了激光大气传输两模散射耦合波方程,这组方程在散射光频移(声波频率)ω=0的条件下,化为Karr文献[1]中相应的方程。利用编制的4D程序,通过数值模拟,得到了强激光大气传输受激热瑞利散射诱导的小尺度不稳定性的基本图象,此结果与文献[1]中横向空间无限的结果有类似之处。     

受激喇曼散射的高斯-厄米模展开方法

运用高斯-厄米模展开受激喇曼散射波动方程,在忽略泵浦倒空情况下,求得了解析解,并用于阈值条件和波前再现讨论。     

Compton散射对磁化等离子体光子晶体缺陷模密温特性的影响

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型和有限时域差分法,对Compton散射对磁化等离子体光子晶体缺陷模密温特性的影响进行了理论分析和数值模拟。结果表明,与Compton散射前的情况相比,Compton散射使低温低频处光子禁带中存在缺陷模的明显度降低,缺陷模频率增大,缺陷模和透射率峰值减小;使高温高频处缺陷模和透射率峰值、缺陷模频率显著增大,禁带宽减小,缺陷模位置向高频方向移动。随着电子密度的增大,散射减小了禁带增大效应和缺陷模减小效应,增强了缺陷模频率增大效应;随着电子密度的降低,散射增强了禁带变窄效应、缺陷模峰值增大效应和缺陷模频率减小效应。利用Compton散射,可实现对缺陷模密温特性的有效控制。     

同轴波导内金属支撑杆的散射特性研究

 对同轴波导内传输TEM模时金属支撑杆的散射特性进行了研究。通过将同轴波导等效为窄边是磁壁的矩形波导,建立了金属支撑杆的散射场计算模型,用积分方程法得到了散射场的计算公式,其计算结果与有限元方法仿真结果吻合良好。分析计算和实验表明：当同轴波导传输TEM模时,n根角向均匀分布的支撑杆在同轴波导内激励起一系列TE(mn)1模式;当n大于同轴波导截面平均周长与波长之比时,金属杆所激励的高阶模截止,输出和反射模式仅为TEM模,其反射系数随支撑杆根数或支撑杆半径的增加而增大,随频率的升高而减小。     

多模光纤受激布里渊散射非相干组束的机理及理论模型

 基于布里渊散射耦合强度方程,分析了多模光纤受激布里渊散射非相干组束的机理,建立了其非相干组束的理论模型,并依据模型进行了理论计算。结果表明：在较长的多模光纤中,受激布里渊散射产生的Stokes光以LP­­₀₁模传输;其非相干组束过程是混合光分解成线偏振光的逆过程;计算的组束功率与T.H.Russel等人的实验结果相一致。最后,分析了组束光强的分布,表明了组束光强对模场尺寸的依赖关系,证明提高组束光强的有效措施是减小组束光的模场半径。     

物理光学 光的吸收、透射与散射

O436．2 2005053253 计算轴对称粒子光散射问题的简化T矩阵方法=Simpli- fied T-matrix method of calculating light scattering by axi- symmetric particle[刊,中]／苏宁(西安电子科技大学技术 物理学院．陕西,西安(710071)),安毓英…∥激光杂志．- 2005,26(2)．-54-56 首先给出了光散射计算中的T矩阵方法的推导过程, 分析了轴对称粒子T矩阵的特点-方位模m的独立性,并 由此特点对原始的T矩阵进行了简化和变形,去除了其中 的零元素并将其分成关于方位模m的小矩阵。然后运用 基于方位模m的独立方程求得散射场系数。最后以球形 粒子为例得到散射场的仿真结果与用微元法有很好的吻 合。图2参7(杨妹清)     

用缀饰原子法研究强激光场驱动下的共振荧光

本文用缀饰原子方法研究了单模激光场驱动下的两能级原子系统的共振荧光.通过在主方程中唯象地引入激光模的激发项补偿散射过程,使该模式中光子数减少.得到了主方程的定态解.并由此得到了共振荧光谱的强度分布及谱线形状.     

基于五模材料的圆柱声隐身斗篷坐标变换设计

五模超材料具有与流体相似的物理性质,为各向异性流体的物理实现提供了途径,因此Norris提出了将其用于声隐声斗篷设计的思路.本文对Norris五模超材料声隐声斗篷设计中提出的坐标变换方程进行研究,利用有限元方法对不同坐标变换下声隐声斗篷的平均可视度进行数值计算,分析了五模超材料斗篷的隐身性能影响因素及规律.结果表明,通过选取不同的坐标变换方程改变其物性参数分布,能够调节斗篷中的声波传播路径,对声隐声斗篷的声散射特性产生明显影响.因此,选择合适的坐标变换方程能够有效改善隐身性能.     

外部加环肋有限长圆柱壳体声散射

为了深入理解双层加肋圆柱壳体的声散射机理,专门研究了两层壳体之间环肋的声散射。仅考虑模型的刚性散射,采用Kirchhoff近似推导了单个环肋的反向散射声场的解析解,并推广到等间距的环肋散射,结合圆柱壳刚性散射得到外部加周期性环肋的圆柱壳体的散射声场近似解。同时,利用图形声学方法(GRACO)对模型的目标强度进行数值计算。理论与实验的结果表明,刚性散射在反向散射声场中起主要作用,周期性环肋引起的Bragg散射对散射声场有重要贡献,同时遮挡效应在实际情况下有较大作用。      

Effects of Breaking Waves on Composite Backscattering from Ship-Ocean Scene

The existence of the sea surface is bound to affect the electromagnetic(EM) scattering from marine targets. When dealing with the composite scattering from targets over a sea surface by applying high-frequency EM theories,the total scattering field can be decomposed into three parts in low sea states, namely, the direct scattering from the sea surface, the direct scattering from targets and the coupling scattering between the sea surface and targets. With regard to high sea states, breaking waves make the direct scattering from the sea surface and the coupling scattering more complicated. To solve this issue, a scattering model is proposed to analyze the composite scattering from a ship over a rough sea surface under high sea states. To consider the effect of breaking waves,a three dimensional geometric model is adopted together with Ufimtsev's theory of edge waves for the scattering from a breaker. In addition, the coupling scattering between targets and breaking waves is taken into account by considering all possible scattering paths. The simulated results indicate that the influence of breaking waves on the scattering field from the sea surface and on the coupling field is non-negligible, and the numerical results also show the effectiveness of the proposed scattering model.     

Acoustic scattering from a thermally driven buoyant plume revisited

Far-field weak scattering theory is applied to the case of high-frequency broad-bandwidth acoustic scattering from a thermally generated buoyant plume in a controlled laboratory environment. To first order, the dominant scattering mechanism is thermally driven sound-speed variations that are related to temperature deviations from ambient. As a result, the received complex acoustic scattering is a measure of the one-component three-dimensional Fourier transform of the temperature difference field measured at the Bragg wave number. The Bragg wave number vector is the difference between the scattered and incident wave vectors. Solving for its magnitude yields the Bragg scattering condition; this is the Fourier component of the plume variability that produces scattering. Results are presented for multistatic scattering from unstable and turbulent plumes using a parallel scattering geometry. The data justify application of the far-field weak scattering theory to the present case of a thermal plume. As a consequence, quantitative results on medium variability can be inferred using high-frequency broad-bandwidth acoustic scattering. Particular attention is given to the role of anisotropy of the variability of the scattering field in determining the validity of far-field Bragg scattering.     

高能X光照相CCD成像系统的模糊效应

 指出了景深、可见光衍射、辐射输运是CCD图像接收系统模糊效应的3个影响因素。用MCNP方法研究了转换屏内的辐射输运,给出了不同入射光子能谱和转换屏厚度下转换屏内能量沉积随半径的变化关系。结果表明:能量沉积随转换屏厚度的增加而线性增加;辐射输运引起的模糊与光子能谱有关,但硬化谱引起的模糊随转换屏厚度的变化小于非硬化谱;转换屏内的辐射输运是CCD图像接收系统模糊效应的主要影响因素;辐射输运引起的模糊和高斯模糊是不同的。     

Spectral power determinations of compressibility and density variations in model media and calf liver using ultrasound

A model of scattering is used to relate average differential scattering cross section and power spectra of scattering medium variations. The model expresses the average differential scattering cross section as a sum of the power spectrum of medium compressibility variations, the power spectrum of density variations weighted by the square of the cosine of the scattering angle, and the cross-power spectrum of compressibility and density variations weighted by twice the cosine of the scattering angle. Known values of the average differential scattering cross section at a minimum of three different scattering angles and temporal frequencies corresponding to the same spatial frequency are used to calculate each of the three power spectra. Since noise and statistical fluctuations are present in actual measurements of average differential scattering cross section, the calculations of power spectra are obtained from an overdetermined set of equations to which a solution is found by using a singular value decomposition. Data derived from a model for scattering from a cloud of correlated particles are employed to show the influence of additive noise. Calculations are also made from measurements of scattering from three suspensions of particles that have a different average radius in each suspension but are similarly modeled by scattering from a cloud. Additionally, the calculations are applied to measurements of average differential scattering cross section of calf liver. The results show that determination of the power spectra of scattering medium variations can be made under practical conditions, and also imply that density variations contribute significantly to scattering by calf liver.     

TiN镀层的一级和二级Raman散射

我们观测到了TiN镀层的一级和二级Raman散射,初步研究了TiN镀层的沉积参数和镀层性质对Raman谱的影响。结果表明TiN镀层的Raman散射不同于体材料氮化钛的Raman散射,特别是在二级Raman散射部分。     

FTO客体3m闪光照相的Monte Carlo研究

 研究了客体模型FTO的闪光照相系统X光输运过程，给出了直穿照射量、散射照射量、直散比、直穿照射量能谱、散射照射量能谱、直穿X光通量能谱和散射X光通量能谱在记录平面的空间分布。结果表明：后锥是照射量散射成分的主要来源，后锥照射量占总散射量97%；后锥也是造成散射的空间分布不均匀的主要器件，这一不均匀性高达58%。照相系统的最小直散比非常小，表明锥造成的散射已经严重地淹没了直穿（轫致辐射）信号。计算中使用高空间分辨率记录法进行分点，合成图像对吸收系数的复原结果与国外报道的结果相符。     

Theoretical analysis and measurements on near specular scattering

In scattering measurement it is important and also difficult to separate instrument scattering from the scattering of a sample. Particularly at angles near the specular reflection, it is believed that the small angle limit for scattering measurement is determined not only by detector proximity to the specular beam, but also by the sample scattering. When the scattering angles are smaller than a certain limit, the total scattering combining the instrument scattering and the sample scattering is lower than the instrument scattering. This prevents us from discriminating the instrument scattering and the sample scattering at angles smaller than this limit. In this paper a data processing method is reported that enables us to distinguish the instrument scattering at angles smaller than this limit. Based on this method, we can measure the scattering at angles restricted only by the performance of the instrument.     

Determination of the LO phonon energy by using electronic and optical methods in AlGaN/GaN

The longitudinal optical (LO) phonon energy in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures is determined from temperature-dependent Hall effect measurements and also from Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The Hall effect measurements on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown by MOCVD have been carried out as a function of temperature in the range 1.8-275 K at a fixed magnetic field. The IR and Raman spectroscopy measurements have been carried out at room temperature. The experimental data for the temperature dependence of the Hall mobility were compared with the calculated electron mobility. In the calculations of electron mobility, polar optical phonon scattering, ionized impurity scattering, background impurity scattering, interface roughness, piezoelectric scattering, acoustic phonon scattering and dislocation scattering were taken into account at all temperatures. The result is that at low temperatures interface roughness scattering is the dominant scattering mechanism and at high temperatures polar optical phonon scattering is dominant.     

沙丘粗糙面的二次极化电磁散射

研究了新月形沙丘粗糙面的二次极化电磁散射. 结合射线追踪理论, 由一次散射面元的反射场照射到二次散射面元, 采用基尔霍夫近似推导了二次散射面元的二次极化散射场. 计算结果表明二次极化散射结果在特定的角度和类型范围内有显著影响. 在电磁波射向背风坡时可以发现其同极化散射截面在入射角较大时大于其他入射方向的结果, 入射角在休止角附近时的交叉极化散射截面出现峰值, 以及前后狭长沙丘之间的二次极化散射特别突出. 本文结果可用于反演分析沙漠地区的风场信息. 关键词： 新月形沙丘 二次极化散射 射线追踪 休止角