氧化脱肟研究新进展

肟是有机合成中一类非常重要且常见的化合物,不仅可用作羰基化合物的保护,而且可通过肟化-脱肟过程对羰基化合物进行分离和纯化。此外,肟还可以由非羰基化合物转变而来,进而通过脱肟反应生成羰基化合物,因此,如何在温和条件下高效实现脱肟反应吸引了人们的广泛关注。目前,已报道的脱肟方法主要包括酸性水解、氧化、还原等。其中,氧化脱肟法,特别是利用过氧化氢或氧气作氧化剂的绿色氧化脱肟方法尤受重视。本文以此为重点,综述了近年来氧化脱肟方法的研究概况和最新进展,并对若干重要的体系作了详细讨论。     

一种合成3,5-二取代异噁唑的新方法

研究了端基炔烃和醛肟在间氯过氧苯甲酸和催化量碘苯作用下的[3+2]环合反应, 结果表明, 该过程经过一个有机高价碘中间体而进行. 通过该反应, 端基炔烃在氧化剂间氯过氧苯甲酸和催化剂碘苯的作用下与醛肟反应, 常温下可得到产率良好并具有区域选择性的3,5-二取代异噁唑化合物. 本文考察了反应条件的影响, 提出了可能的反应机理, 为简便快速合成3,5-二取代异噁唑化合物提供了一种新方法.     

NaY型沸石分子筛催化环己胺氧化制备环己酮肟

考察了系列氧化剂、催化剂和溶剂对环己胺液相氧化制备环己酮肟的影响,发现以乙腈为溶剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂,NaY型沸石分子筛对该反应具有优良的催化性能。 对该反应体系进行了五因素四水平的正交实验,确定了适宜的催化剂用量、溶剂用量、反应时间、反应温度和氧化剂用量,比较分析了各因素对环己胺转化率和环己酮肟选择性的影响。 确定了环己胺液相氧化反应的最佳工艺条件为：环己胺为3 mL,催化剂为03 g,环己胺、溶剂和氧化剂的体积比为1∶3∶3,65 ℃反应2 h。 讨论了环己胺液相催化氧化的反应机理。     

催化量碘代烷烃促进下合成3,5-二取代异噁唑啉

研究了端基烯烃和醛肟在氧化剂过硫酸氢钾和催化量碘代烷烃作用下的[3+2]环合反应,合成了一系列具有良好产率及区域选择性的3,5-二取代异噁唑啉化合物.反应中,碘代烷烃先经过氧化分解产生了活泼的次碘酸,再依次与醛肟和烯烃经亲电加成反应生成五元杂环碘代中间体,该中间体通过消除反应得到3,5-二取代异噁唑啉化合物.考察了反应条件的影响,提出了可能的反应机理,为合成3,5-二取代异噁唑啉化合物提供了新方法.     

一锅法绿色合成烯酰胺和1,3-二炔(英文)

结合绿色化学概念,将酮肟还原酰化和末端炔氧化偶联在一锅进行反应,发展了一种Pd/Cu协同催化一锅绿色合成烯酰胺和1,3-二炔的新方法.该方法无需外加任何氧化剂和还原剂,可同时得到烯酰胺和1,3-二炔,产率高,反应条件温和.     

Ti－Si沸石的催化氧化性能Ⅱ．环己醇的氧化及环己酮的肟化

Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ沸石的催化氧化性能Ⅱ．环己醇的氧化及环己酮的肟化夏清华，王公慰，应慕良，郑禄彬（中国科学院大连化学物理研究所，大连１１６０１２）关键词Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ沸石催化剂，Ｈ_２Ｏ_２氧化剂，环己醇氧化，环己酮肟化．１．前言环己酮肟是生产ε－己内酰胺的关键中...     

手性5-l-(艹孟)氧基丁内酯并[3,4-d]-3-取代基-异(口恶)唑啉类化合物的合成

研究了手性元5-(R)-(l-(艹孟)氧基)-2(5H)-呋喃酮与取代苯甲醛肟以次氯酸钙作为氧化剂进行的区域选择性原位1,3-偶极环加成反应,同步生成两个新的手性中心,得到了一系列光学纯丁内酯并[3,4-d]-3-取代基-异(口恶)唑啉类化合物;应用波谱学手段及X射线单晶衍射法确证了产物的绝对构型,并对产物的核磁共振氢谱规律性加以总结.     

固载计量氧化剂用于氧化反应

氧化剂固载化试剂,以其反应温和、选择性高、后续处理简单等环境友好特性,在有机合成反应中有着广泛应用.把各类氧化剂,如有机或无机态的Cr(Ⅵ)、Mn(Ⅶ)、MnO2和高价Fe与S、有机态I7 和I5 等,固载列氧化铝、硅胶、树脂、蒙脱石-KIO和分子筛等载体上,所形成的计量氧化剂可以选择性作用于醇类、硫醚、烯烃以及肟类化合物的氧化反应.     

含磷拟除虫菊酯的研究III. 3-烷氧羰基-2, 2-二甲基环丙烷基 甲醛肟或甲基酮 肟和二烷氧基硫代磷酰氯的反应

本文研究了3-烷氧羰基-2,2-二甲基环丙烷基甲基酮肟或醛肟分别和二烷氧基硫代磷酰氯的反应,鉴定了它们的不同产物。结果表明,酮肟与磷酰氯缩合得硫代磷酸肟酯;醛肟与磷酰氯反应生成3-氰基环丙烷羧酸酯和相应的二烷基硫代磷酸,可能是经生成9再Beckmann裂解的机理。文中对上述结果进行了讨论。     

含磷拟除虫菊酯的研究III. 3-烷氧羰基-2, 2-二甲基环丙烷基 甲醛肟或甲基酮 肟和二烷氧基硫代磷酰氯的反应

本文研究了3-烷氧羰基-2,2-二甲基环丙烷基甲基酮肟或醛肟分别和二烷氧基硫代磷酰氯的反应,鉴定了它们的不同产物。结果表明,酮肟与磷酰氯缩合得硫代磷酸肟酯;醛肟与磷酰氯反应生成3-氰基环丙烷羧酸酯和相应的二烷基硫代磷酸,可能是经生成9再Beckmann裂解的机理。文中对上述结果进行了讨论。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.