1-萘甲膦酸改性氧化锆固定相的反相色谱性能研究

采用Lewis酸碱吸附改性方法制备了1-萘甲膦酸改性氧化锆色谱固定相,通过元素分析、漫反射红外光谱等对该固定相的表面性质进行了表征;以中性含π电子化合物作探针,考察了以甲醇/水为流动相、在13±3℃的柱温下固定相的色谱性能和分离机理;考察了该新型固定相的稳定性。结果表明,1-萘甲膦酸改性氧化锆固定相呈现出明显的反相色谱特征,对苯同系物、稠环芳烃和芳香族硝基化合物具有较好的分离选择性。     

Lewis碱改性氧化锆基质色谱固定相的研究进展

综述了Lewis碱改性氧化锆(或其复合氧化物)基质高效液相色谱填料的研究进展,涉及的改性剂包括氟离子、磷酸盐、有机膦酸、羧酸、酚类化合物、蛋白质和环糊精衍生物等。简要介绍了Lewis碱改性氧化锆固定相在毛细管电色谱中的应用。 引用文献51篇。     

多齿配体改性的氧化锆色谱固定相表面吸附方式的研究

氧化锆微球的化学稳定性好且机械强度高,作为色谱固定相基质具有很好的应用前景,利用其表面存在的大量的Lewis酸性中心与Lewis碱性化合物的强烈的酸碱作用可对氧化锆进行吸附改性,用无机磷酸、烷基膦酸APA、硬脂酸SA及乙二胺-N,N′-四亚甲基膦酸(EDTPA)等改性的氧化锆固定相被成功地用于中性、碱性甚至酸性化合物的分离。     

1-萘甲膦酸改性氧化锆固定相分离芳胺类化合物的色谱性能研究

研究了一些芳胺类化合物在1-萘甲膦酸改性氧化锆固定相上的色谱行为。分别考察了流动相中甲醇含量、缓冲液pH值和离子强度等对芳胺类化合物色谱保留的影响,并对这类化合物在该固定相上的保留机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明,芳胺类化合物在该固定相上表现出反相和阳离子交换的混合保留模式。以pH 10.1的Tris-甲醇(60/40,V/V)溶液为流动相,在1-萘甲膦酸改性氧化锆固定相上成功分离了间苯二胺、邻甲苯胺、N-甲苯胺、对硝基苯胺、邻硝基苯胺和α-甲萘胺6种芳胺类化合物。     

十二烯基丁二酸改性氧化锆色谱固定相性能研究

本文用十二烯基丁二酸（DSA）改性氧化锆得到一种新的锆基质色谱固定相。改性前后的红外光谱的差异表明，DSA以两个羧基与氧化锆结合，由于多位点结合方式提高了固定相的稳定性，因此固定相可以在碱性（pH8．5）条件下稳定使用。锆基质色谱固定相具有较强的疏水性，用于中性及碱性化合物的分离取得了满意的结果。     

酸性化合物在十二胺-N,N-二亚甲基膦酸改性氧化锆固定相上的分离

酸性化合物在十二胺-N; N-二亚甲基膦酸改性氧化锆固定相上的分离;氧化锆;色谱固定相;十二胺-N; N-二亚甲基膦酸     

苄基膦酸改性氧化锆固定相的制备和性能评价

通过室温浸泡和回流改性的方式,制备了苄基膦酸改性氧化锆色谱固定相.元素分析表明,室温浸泡和加热回流都能够得到较大膦酸吸附量.红外光谱、差热分析证实苄基瞵酸是以Lewis酸碱作用吸附在氧化锆表面的.色谱分析该固定相具有很好的疏水性能和离子交换性能,对某些碱性物质的分离有一定的应用前景.     

磷霉素改性氧化锆固定相色谱性能研究

本文利用磷霉素与氧化锆表面的强Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸碱作用,分别采用静态和动态两种途径以磷霉素对自制ＺｒＯ２固定相进行改性,考察了改性前后固定相色谱性能的变化。通过磷霉素改性,能够较好地覆盖氧化锆表面存在的Ｌｗｅｉｓ酸活性中心点,从而减少对酸性化合物的不可逆吸附及拖尾现象。磷霉素动态改性氧化锆表现出一定的反相色谱性能,静态改性氧化锆则表现出较强的极性。     

纳米氧化锆沉积硅胶色谱固定相的制备及亲水作用色谱行为

采用液相沉积法(LPD)制备了纳米氧化锆沉积硅胶色谱固定相(ZrO₂/SiO₂), 并将其应用于亲水作用色谱分离中. 考察并比较了ZrO₂/SiO₂、 硅胶(SiO₂)和氧化锆(ZrO₂) 3种色谱固定相在不同有机调节剂比例、 不同pH值及不同盐浓度的流动相条件下的色谱行为. 结果表明, 制备的ZrO₂/SiO₂色谱柱不仅具有SiO₂色谱柱高柱效的优点, 表面沉积的纳米氧化锆还能有效屏蔽硅羟基, 有利于碱性物质的保留和分离, 表现出良好的亲水作用色谱性能. 将ZrO₂/SiO₂色谱柱用于4种脱氧核苷和5种碱性化合物的分离, 均得到了较好的效果, 展现出其作为色谱固定相良好的应用前景.     

碱基在十二胺-N,N-二亚甲基膦酸改性氧化锆固定相上色谱行为的研究

研究了碱基在十二胺-N,N-二亚甲基膦酸(DDPA)改性氧化锆固定相（DPZ）上的色谱保留行为,考察了流动相中甲醇含量、流动相pH值、缓冲溶液中离子类型和离子强度对碱基保留的影响,对DDPA在氧化锆表面的吸附方式进行了研究。研究结果表明,DDPA仅以一个膦酸基与氧化锆结合,因而DPZ固定相表面上除了有长链的疏水烷基外,还有酸性的膦酸基和碱性的氨基。碱基分子中也存在氨基和酰胺基等极性基团,因此碱基在DPZ固定相上除了有疏水作用外,还具有电荷排斥作用、离子交换作用等多种保留机理。由于多种保留机理的存在,使得碱基在DPZ固定相上具有较好的分离选择性,在酸性条件下对碱基混合样品的分离取得了满意的结果。     

Investigating the Effect of Chromatographic Conditions on Retention of Organic Acids in Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Using a Design of Experiment

Small organic acids have shown significant retention on various stationary phases, such as amide, amino, aspartamide, silica and sulfobetaine phase commonly used in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC). This study investigated the effect of chromatographic conditions on the retention behavior of organic acids in HILIC using the tool of design of experiment (DOE). The results of the DOE study indicated that both the content of organic solvent (i.e., acetonitrile) and salt concentration in the mobile phase had significant effects on the retention of organic acids. Higher content of organic solvent in the mobile phase led to a significant increase in retention on all types of stationary phases. Increasing salt concentration also resulted in a moderate increase in retention; however, the effect of salt concentration varied with the type of stationary phase. The study also revealed that column temperature had less impact on retention than organic solvent content and salt concentration in HILIC.     

金属螯合亲和色谱中的疏水作用

通过考察盐溶盐和盐析盐浓度对蛋白质在IDA裸柱和金属螯合柱上保留行为的影响,详细研究了金属螯合色谱中的疏水作用,疏水作用的发生、形成的条件以及不同条件下对蛋白质保留值的贡献。实验结果表明,在高浓度和低浓度的盐溶盐以及低浓度盐析盐中,蛋白质在金属螯合柱上的保留主要受静电和配位作用控制,而疏水作用对蛋白质的保留影响很小。对弱亲和性的金属螯合柱以静电作用为主,其大小可用参数Q表征;对强亲和性的IDA-Cu（Ⅱ）柱以配位作用为主。仅在高浓度的盐析盐中,金属螯合柱才呈现较强的疏水作用,支配蛋白质保留。实验证明,金属螯合色谱中疏水作用主要来自固定相间隔臂中的疏水碳链和盐析盐对蛋白质的增疏作用,利用这种疏水作用有可能改善金属螯合色谱分离的选择性。     

Retention Behavior of Proteins on Glutamic Acid-Boned Silica Stationary Phase

A glutamic acid-bonded silica (Glu-silica) stationary phase with cation-exchange properties was synthesized using l-glutamic acid as ligand and silica gel as matrix. The effects of solution pH value, salt concentration and metal ion on the retention of proteins were examined. The standard protein mixture was separated with a prepared chromatographic column and an iminodiacetic acid column, and compared. The influence of the binding capacity of an immobilized metal ion on the complexation of metal chelate column was studied. The results indicate that the obtained column displays cation-exchange characteristic and better separation ability for proteins. As fixing metal ion on the Glu-silica column, retention of proteins on the column is a cooperative interaction of metal chelate and cation-exchange. The stationary phase shows the typical metal chelate properties with the increase of the sorption capacity of immobilized metal ion.     

高效液相色谱法分离蛋白质的大孔硅质固定相的制备及分离机理

介绍了不同孔径的大孔硅胶基质的制备，二醇基和氨基固定相的合成，及其蛋白质的分离特性。探讨了流动相中的盐浓度和pH对蛋白质保留时间的影响，以及在此两种固定相上蛋白质分离机理的比较。由于大孔填料具有小的比表面积、往容量也低，从而有利于作蛋白质等生物大分子的高效快速分离分析。     

新型咪唑嵌合氨基亲水作用色谱固定相的制备及其色谱性能

发展新型高效的亲水作用色谱分离材料对于极性化合物的分离分析具有重要的意义。本文设计合成了一种新型咪唑嵌合的氨基亲水作用色谱固定相（Sil-IEASP）,并分别采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热重分析仪和元素分析仪对该固定相进行了表征,结果表明该固定相制备成功。以核苷和核酸碱基为样品,分别考察了流动相中的水含量、盐浓度和pH对其保留的影响,结果表明所发展的固定相具有良好的亲水作用特性;此外,缓冲盐浓度和pH几乎不影响上述物质的保留。进一步将该固定相应用于分离尿嘧啶、腺嘌呤、胞嘧啶、尿苷和3种位置异构体（邻三联苯、间三联苯和苯并菲）,与常用的氨基固定相相比,本文所发展的固定相具有更好的分离效果,有望在亲水作用色谱分离领域发挥潜在的应用价值。     

Preparation of Medium Cation Exchange Stationary Phase of Polymeric Matrix and Their Chromatographic Properties

Based on the monodisperse poly（glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylenedimethacrylate） beads （PGMA/EDMA） with macropore as a medium, a new hydrophilic medium cation exchange （MCX） stationary phase for HPLC was synthesized by a new chemically modified method. The stationary phase was evaluated with the property of ion exchange, separability, reproducibility, hydrophilicity, effect of salt concentration, salt types, column loading and pH on the separation and retention of proteins in detail. It was found that it follows ion exchange chromatographic （IEC） retention mechanism. The measured bioactivity recovery for lysozyme was （96 ± 5）%. The dynamic protein loading capacity of the synthesized MCX packings was 21.8 mg/g. Five proteins were almost completely separated within 6.0 min at a flow rate of 4 mL/min using the synthesized MCX resin. The MCX resin was also used for the rapid separation and purification of lysozyme from egg white with only one step. The purity and specific bioactivity of the purified lysozyme was found more than 95% and 70345 U/mg, respectively.     

流动相组成、浓度和pH对蛋白质在金属螯合柱上的保留特性的影响

 系统研究了流动相中盐的性质和浓度、溶液 pH以及竞争配体对蛋白质在金属螯合色谱中保留值的影响。导出了描述蛋白质在金属螯合色谱中保留特征的数学表达式 ,提出用洗脱强度指数ε表征盐溶液的洗脱能力。根据不同色谱条件下蛋白质的保留特性 ,发现蛋白质在金属螯合色谱中的保留是配位、静电和疏水的协同作用。对与蛋白质强结合的金属螯合柱 ,以配位作用为主 ,静电作用为辅 ;对弱结合的金属柱 ,以静电作用为主 ,配位作用为辅。在流动相中加入高浓度非成络盐 ,可增强蛋白质和固定相间的疏水作用。     

Use of cholate derivatives with submicellar concentration for controlling selectivity of proteins in hydrophobic interaction chromatography

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) of proteins using a phenyl column has been performed in the presence of various surfactants with micellar and submicellar concentration ranges. Most surfactants were effective for a decrease in the retention of proteins in both concentration ranges. However, the use of anionic cholate derivatives increased the retention of the proteins with high isoelectric point, such as lysozyme, cytochrome c, and trypsin, in submicellar concentration range, and then decreased it above the critical micellar concentration, while the retention of the other proteins was monotonously decreased. The results of frontal chromatographic analysis of the surfactant and capillary electrophoresis for the proteins in the presence of surfactant show that in the submicellar concentration range, cholate derivatives allowed to be adsorbed on the stationary phase, while they exhibited no interactions with the proteins. Thus, it appeared that the increase in the retention of basic proteins was due to the electrostatic attraction between the proteins and cholate-modified stationary phase. We have applied the unique property of cholate to the separation of ovalbumin and lysozyme in egg white sample using hydrophobic chromatography.     

Effect of the ionic composition of a mobile phase on the chromatographic retention of profen enantiomers on a chiral adsorbent with grafted eremomycin antibiotic

The effect of ionic composition of mobile phase on retention and chromatographic separation of optical isomers of several derivatives of 2-arylpropanoic acid on a chiral stationary phase Diaspher-Chiralsel-E with a grafted eremomycin antibiotic was studied. As was shown, the mechanism of retention differs from that for hydrophobic reverse-phase adsorbents, as it involves a substantial ion-exchange component that determines the nonmonotonic dependence of the retention factor and the enantioselectivity on eluent pH. The effect of the concentration of buffer salt in the eluent on the chromatography of this class of compounds is discussed.     

Capillary electrochromatography of peptides on a column packed with tentacular weak cation-exchanger particles

Silica-based, tentacular weak cation-exchanger particles were prepared for use as the stationary phase in the separation of positively charged sample components by capillary electrochromatography (CEC). Silica beads were first silanized with 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate that served as a heterobifunctional linker, which reacted with 2-acrylarmidoglycolic acid in a second step by radical polymerization in aqueous solution. Baseline separation of basic peptides with good column efficiency was obtained on packed capillary columns by isocratic elution CEC with NaCl as the mobile phase modulator. The retention mechanism in the electrochromatographic process was studied by examining the effect of salt concentration on the migration behavior of the peptides. The chromatographic retention factor k'(lc) for charged sample components in the electrochromatographic process was estimated on the assumption that the overall migration rate of a charged migrant can be taken as the sum of the rate of chromatographic elution and the rate of electrophoretic migration. The estimated k(lc) values from experimental results were plotted against the molal salt concentration on a double logarithmic scale. The linear correlation is in good agreement with the prediction by the theory on the basis of traditional ion-exchange chromatography. The comparison of CEC results, obtained with open tubular and packed capillary columns having the same retentive functions as the stationary phase, supports the notion that variation of the phase ratio in the column offers an additional means to modulate the electrochromatographic migration behavior.