A quasilinearization approach to heat transfer in MHD visco-elastic fluid flow

The paper deals with the study of the flow of an incompressible electrically conducting visco-elastic fluid referred to as Walter’s liquid B over a porous non-isothermal stretching sheet using quasilinearization technique adopting a numerical approach. The sheet is assumed to stretch uni-directionally and the fluid above the sheet is at rest if there were no stretching. The temperature profiles are obtained numerically and these are displayed through graphs for diverse values of Prandtl number, visco-elastic parameter, magnetic parameter, source/sink parameter, wall temperature parameter and wall heat flux parameter. The results are compared with those available in literature obtained through analytical procedures and are seen to be in good agreement.     

Apply a novel evolutionary algorithm to the solution of parameter selection problems

In this study, a modified line-up competition algorithm (LCA) is used to solve parameter selection problems. The so-called parameter selection problems contain parameter identification problems and optimal control problems. Once the later problems are transformed by control parametrization, the parameters embedded in both problems are selected by the proposed method under the framework of integration approach. Two parameter identification problems and one optimal control problem are given to demonstrate the use of LCA. The results show that in addition to being insensitive to the initial conditions, LCA is very efficient in solving highly nonlinear parameter selection problems.     

柯西分布的参数估计

研究了柯西分布的参数估计问题,给出了位置参数的最小一乘估计和尺度参数的低阶矩估计.证明了柯西分布位置参数的最小一乘估计具有渐近无偏性与强相合性;尺度参数的低阶矩估计具有强相合性.     

State observability of elastic vibrations in distributed and lumped parameter systems

State observation problems for the vibrations in a distributed and lumped parameter system are solved. The vibrations of the distributed parameter object are described by boundary value problems with Dirichlet boundary conditions, while the lumped parameter object is described by a secondorder ordinary differential equation.     

Mixed convection flow of couple stress fluid between parallel vertical plates with Hall and Ion-slip effects

An analysis is presented to investigate the Hall and Ion-slip effects on fully developed electrically conducting couple stress fluid flow between vertical parallel plates in the presence of a temperature dependent heat source. The governing non-linear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and then solved using homotopy analysis method (HAM). The effects of the magnetic parameter, Hall parameter, Ion-slip parameter and couple stress fluid parameter on velocity and temperature are discussed and shown graphically.     

Unsteady convective boundary layer flow of a viscous fluid at a vertical surface with variable fluid properties

In this paper we present numerical solutions to the unsteady convective boundary layer flow of a viscous fluid at a vertical stretching surface with variable transport properties and thermal radiation. Both assisting and opposing buoyant flow situations are considered. Using a similarity transformation, the governing time-dependent partial differential equations are first transformed into coupled, non-linear ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients. Numerical solutions to these equations subject to appropriate boundary conditions are obtained by a second order finite difference scheme known as the Keller-Box method. The numerical results thus obtained are analyzed for the effects of the pertinent parameters namely, the unsteady parameter, the free convection parameter, the suction/injection parameter, the Prandtl number, the thermal conductivity parameter and the thermal radiation parameter on the flow and heat transfer characteristics. It is worth mentioning that the momentum and thermal boundary layer thicknesses decrease with an increase in the unsteady parameter.     

Classes of improved estimators for parameters of a Pareto distribution

The problem of estimating parameters of a Pareto distribution is investigated under a general scale invariant loss function when the scale parameter is restricted to the interval (0, 1]. We consider the estimation of shape parameter when the scale parameter is unknown. Techniques for improving equivariant estimators developed by Stein, Brewster–Zidek and Kubokawa are applied to derive improved estimators. In particular improved classes of estimators are obtained for the entropy loss and a symmetric loss. Risk functions of various estimators are compared numerically using simulations. It is also shown that the technique of Kubokawa produces improved estimators for estimating the scale parameter when the shape parameter is known.     

直觉语言Hamacher加权集结算子及其应用

研究带参数的直觉语言Hamacher集结算子。基于Hamacher t-模与s-模定义直觉语言Hamacher运算法则。而后,利用所提Hamacher运算法则提出含参数的直觉语言Hamacher加权平均算子与几何算子,研究其基本性质。进一步地,剖析算子与参数之间的关系,如算子关于参数的单调性、算子关于参数的退化情况等。最后,基于所提出的集结算子构建出多属性决策方法,通过算例分析表明所提决策方法的可行性和实用性。     

Unsteady flow and heat transfer in a thin film of Ostwald–de Waele liquid over a stretching surface

In this paper, the effects of viscous dissipation and the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity on an unsteady flow and heat transfer in a thin liquid film of a non-Newtonian Ostwald–de Waele fluid over a horizontal porous stretching surface is studied. Using a similarity transformation, the time-dependent boundary-layer equations are reduced to a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations. The resulting five parameter problem is solved by the Keller–Box method. The effects of the unsteady parameter on the film thickness are explored numerically for different values of the power-law index parameter and the injection parameter. Numerical results for the velocity, the temperature, the skin friction and the wall-temperature gradient are presented through graphs and tables for different values of the pertinent parameter. One of the important findings of the study is that the film thickness increases with an increase in the power-law index parameter (as well as the injection parameter). Quite the opposite is true with the unsteady parameter. Furthermore, the wall-temperature gradient decreases with an increase in the Eckert number or the variable thermal conductivity parameter. Furthermore, the surface temperature of a shear thinning fluid is larger compared to the Newtonian and shear thickening fluids. The results obtained reveal many interesting behaviors that warrant further study of the equations related to non-Newtonian fluid phenomena, especially the shear-thinning phenomena.     

Dynamic analysis of rotating double-tapered cantilever Timoshenko nano-beam using the nonlocal strain gradient theory

Based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory, the coupling nonlinear dynamic equations of a rotating double-tapered cantilever Timoshenko nano-beam are derived using the Hamilton principle. The equation of motion is discretized via the differential quadrature method. The effects of the angular velocity, nonlocal parameter, slenderness ratio, cross-section parameter, and taper ratios are examined and discussed. It is shown that taper ratios and cross-section parameter play a significant role in the vibration response of a rotating cantilever nano-beam. Further as rotational angular velocity increases, the taper ratios and cross-section parameter effect on the frequency response are increased for first modes of vibration.     

威布尔分布的Bayes可靠性分析

本文针对两参数的威布尔分布的元件，采用Ｂａｙｅｓ方法对其可靠性进行分析，文中分别对两种假设情况进行了讨论，第一种情况是形状参数为离散取值，尺度参数为连续取值的情况，第二种情况假设形状参数的先验分布为均匀分布，尺度参数的先验分布为逆伽玛分布，推出了对应的可靠性估计和置信下限估计，并给出了计算算法，最后用实例对算法进行了验证。     

Estimation in semiparametric models with missing data

This paper considers the problem of parameter estimation in a general class of semiparametric models when observations are subject to missingness at random. The semiparametric models allow for estimating functions that are non-smooth with respect to the parameter. We propose a nonparametric imputation method for the missing values, which then leads to imputed estimating equations for the finite dimensional parameter of interest. The asymptotic normality of the parameter estimator is proved in a general setting, and is investigated in detail for a number of specific semiparametric models. Finally, we study the small sample performance of the proposed estimator via simulations.     

Similarity solution of boundary layer stagnation-point flow towards a heated porous stretching sheet saturated with a nanofluid with heat absorption/generation and suction/blowing: A Lie group analysis

In this paper, heat and mass transfer analysis for boundary layer stagnation-point flow over a stretching sheet in a porous medium saturated by a nanofluid with internal heat generation/absorption and suction/blowing is investigated. The governing partial differential equation and auxiliary conditions are converted to ordinary differential equations with the corresponding auxiliary conditions via Lie group analysis. The boundary layer temperature, concentration and nanoparticle volume fraction profiles are then determined numerically. The influences of various relevant parameters, namely, thermophoresis parameter Nt, Brownian motion parameter Nb, Lewis number Le, suction/injection parameter S, permeability parameter k₁, source/sink parameter λ and Prandtl parameter Pr on temperature and concentration as well as wall heat flux and wall mass flux are discussed. Comparison with published results is presented.     

The effect of conjugate heat transfer on MHD mixed convection about a vertical slender hollow cylinder

The problem of steady laminar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection heat transfer about a vertical slender hollow cylinder is studied numerically, under the effect of wall conduction. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the cylinder. The non-similar solutions using the Keller box method are obtained. The wall conduction parameter, the magnetic parameter and the Richardson number are the main parameters. For various values of these parameters the local skin friction and local heat transfer parameters are determined. The validity of the methodology is checked by comparing the results with those available in the open literature and a fairly good agreement is observed. Finally, it is determined that the local skin friction and the local heat transfer coefficients increase with an increase the magnetic parameter Mn and buoyancy parameter Ri and decrease with conjugate heat transfer parameter p.     

On goodness-of-fit testing for ergodic diffusion process with shift parameter

A problem of goodness-of-fit test for ergodic diffusion processes is presented. In the null hypothesis the drift of the diffusion is supposed to be in a parametric form with unknown shift parameter. Two Cramer–von Mises type test statistics are studied. The first test uses the local time estimator of the invariant density, the second one uses the empirical distribution function. The unknown parameter is estimated via the maximum likelihood estimator. It is shown that the limit distribution of the two test statistics does not depend on the unknown parameter, thus both the tests are asymptotically parameter free. Some considerations on the consistency of the proposed tests and some simulation studies are also given.     

The Lyapunov-Poincaré method in the theory of periodic motions

The problem of the periodic motions of a system with a small parameter is solved. The non-rough cases, when the problem cannot be solved by a generating system obtained for a zero value of the small parameter, are investigated. Lyapunov's idea of using a new generating system which already contains the small parameter is systematically developed. Systems of general form, inverse systems and systems close to inverse are investigated.     

Soret and Dufour effects on MHD slip flow with thermal radiation over a porous rotating infinite disk

In this investigation, thermal radiation effect over an electrically conducting, Newtonian fluid in a steady laminar magnetohydrodynamic convective flow over a porous rotating infinite disk with the consideration of heat and mass transfer in the presence of Soret and Dufour diffusion effects is investigated. The partial differential equations governing the problem under consideration are transformed by a similarity transformation into a system of ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically using fourth order Runge–Kutta based shooting method. The effects of the magnetic interaction parameter, slip flow parameter, Soret number, Dufour number, Schmidt number, radiation parameter, Prandtl number and suction parameter on the fluid velocity, temperature and concentration distributions in the regime are depicted graphically and are analyzed in detail. The corresponding skin-friction coefficients, the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number are also calculated and displayed in tables showing the effects of various parameters on them.     

部分线性回归模型的M-估计

本文讨论部分线性回归模型的M-估计．用局部线性方法给出未知函数的M-估计，用两步估计方法给出参数的M-估计．进一步证明了未知函数的M-估计的弱一致性和渐近正态性，参数的M-估计的弱一致性．     

Combined effects of non-uniform heat source/sink and thermal radiation on heat transfer over an unsteady stretching permeable surface

The present paper is concerned with the study of flow and heat transfer characteristics in the unsteady laminar boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over continuously stretching permeable surface in the presence of a non-uniform heat source/sink and thermal radiation. The unsteadiness in the flow and temperature fields is because of the time-dependent stretching velocity and surface temperature. Similarity transformations are used to convert the governing time-dependent nonlinear boundary layer equations for momentum and thermal energy are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations containing Prandtl number, non-uniform heat source/sink parameter, thermal radiation and unsteadiness parameter with appropriate boundary conditions. These equations are solved numerically by applying shooting method using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. Comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases. The effects of the unsteadiness parameter, thermal radiation, suction/injection parameter, non-uniform heat source/sink parameter on flow and heat transfer characteristics as well as on the local Nusselt number are shown graphically.     

The effect of variable viscosity on MHD viscoelastic fluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet

An analysis has been carried out to study the momentum and heat transfer characteristics in an incompressible electrically conducting non-Newtonian boundary layer flow of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching sheet. The partial differential equations governing the flow and heat transfer characteristics are converted into highly non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. The effect of variable fluid viscosity, Magnetic parameter, Prandtl number, variable thermal conductivity, heat source/sink parameter and thermal radiation parameter are analyzed for velocity, temperature fields, and wall temperature gradient. The resultant coupled highly non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by employing a shooting technique with fourth order Runge–Kutta integration scheme. The fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity, respectively, assumed to vary as an inverse and linear function of temperature. The analysis reveals that the wall temperature profile decreases significantly due to increase in magnetic field parameter. Further, it is noticed that the skin friction of the sheet decreases due to increase in the Magnetic parameter of the flow characteristics.