Optimal dual frames for erasures II

We continue the investigation on optimal dual frames for erasures. We obtain an necessary and sufficient condition under which the canonical dual frames are the unique optimal dual frames for erasures. We examine several special simple conditions under which the canonical dual is either not optimal or it is optimal dual but not unique one.     

Sparse matrices in frame theory

Frame theory is closely intertwined with signal processing through a canon of methodologies for the analysis of signals using (redundant) linear measurements. The canonical dual frame associated with a frame provides a means for reconstruction by a least squares approach, but other dual frames yield alternative reconstruction procedures. The novel paradigm of sparsity has recently entered the area of frame theory in various ways. Of those different sparsity perspectives, we will focus on the situations where frames and (not necessarily canonical) dual frames can be written as sparse matrices. The objective for this approach is to ensure not only low-complexity computations, but also high compressibility. We will discuss both existence results and explicit constructions.     

The symmetry group of a finite frame

We define the symmetry group of a finite frame as a group of permutations on its index set. This group is closely related to the symmetry group of Vale and Waldron (2005) [12] for tight frames: they are isomorphic when the frame is tight and has distinct vectors. The symmetry group is the same for all similar frames, in particular for a frame, its dual and canonical tight frames. It can easily be calculated from the Gramian matrix of the canonical tight frame. Further, a frame and its complementary frame have the same symmetry group. We exploit this last property to construct and classify some classes of highly symmetric tight frames.     

等距丢失模型下的框架张量积重构方法

框架理论常应用于信号重构.当编码系数在传输过程中发生等距丢失时,基于框架张量积的一些性质,我们可以利用框架张量积对信号进行编码从而降低数据丢失对重构信号的影响.本文由此提出了一种等距丢失模型,并在此模型下,研究了数据等距丢失下的最优对偶框架张量积,得出了对偶框架和正则对偶框架的张量积是最优对偶框架张量积的两个充分必要条件.最后数值实验也说明了：在等距丢失模型下,最优对偶框架张量积比一般对偶框架张量积的信号重构结果更优.     

Recovery of signals from unordered partial frame coefficients

In this paper, we study the feasibility and stability of recovering signals in finite-dimensional spaces from unordered partial frame coefficients. We prove that with an almost self-located robust frame, any signal except from a Lebesgue measure zero subset can be recovered from its unordered partial frame coefficients. However, the recovery is not necessarily stable with almost self-located robust frames. We propose a new class of frames, namely self-located robust frames, that ensures stable recovery for any input signal with unordered partial frame coefficients. In particular, the recovery is exact whenever the received unordered partial frame coefficients are noise-free. We also present some characterizations and constructions for (almost) self-located robust frames. Based on these characterizations and construction algorithms, we prove that any randomly generated frame is almost surely self-located robust. Moreover, frames generated with cube roots of different prime numbers are also self-located robust.     

SOME RESULTS ON CONTROLLED FRAMES IN HILBERT SPACES

We use two appropriate bounded invertible operators to define a controlled frame with optimal frame bounds.We characterize those operators that produces Parseval controlled frames also we state a way to construct nearly Parseval controlled frames.We introduce a new perturbation of controlled frames to obtain new frames from a given one.Also we reduce the distance of frames by appropriate operators and produce nearly dual frames from two given frames which are not dual frames for each other.     

Characterization of rationally sampled quaternionic dual Gabor frames

This paper addresses quaternionic dual Gabor frames under the condition that the products of time-frequency shift parameters are rational numbers. For a general overcomplete quaternionic Gabor frame with the product of time-frequency shift parameters not equal to $\frac{1}{2}$, we show that its corresponding frame and translation operators do not commute, which leads to its canonical dual frame not having the Gabor structure, but it may have other dual frames with Gabor structure. We characterize when two quaternionic Gabor Bessel sequences form a pair of dual frames, and present a class of quaternionic dual Gabor frames. We also characterize quaternionic Gabor Riesz bases and prove that their canonical dual frames have Gabor structure.     

Representation of the inverse of a frame multiplier

Certain mathematical objects appear in a lot of scientific disciplines, like physics, signal processing and, naturally, mathematics. In a general setting they can be described as frame multipliers, consisting of analysis, multiplication by a fixed sequence (called the symbol), and synthesis. In this paper we show a surprising result about the inverse of such operators, if any, as well as new results about a core concept of frame theory, dual frames. We show that for semi-normalized symbols, the inverse of any invertible frame multiplier can always be represented as a frame multiplier with the reciprocal symbol and dual frames of the given ones. Furthermore, one of those dual frames is uniquely determined and the other one can be arbitrarily chosen. We investigate sufficient conditions for the special case, when both dual frames can be chosen to be the canonical duals. In connection to the above, we show that the set of dual frames determines a frame uniquely. Furthermore, for a given frame, the union of all coefficients of its dual frames is dense in ?²${?}^2$. We also introduce a class of frames (called pseudo-coherent frames), which includes Gabor frames and coherent frames, and investigate invertible pseudo-coherent frame multipliers, allowing a classification for frame-type operators for these frames. Finally, we give a numerical example for the invertibility of multipliers in the Gabor case.     

Pairs of oblique duals in spaces of periodic functions

We construct non-tight frames in finite-dimensional spaces consisting of periodic functions. In order for these frames to be useful in practice one needs to calculate a dual frame; while the canonical dual frame might be cumbersome to work with, the setup presented here enables us to obtain explicit constructions of some particularly convenient oblique duals. We also provide explicit oblique duals belonging to prescribed spaces different from the space where we obtain the expansion. In particular this leads to oblique duals that are trigonometric polynomials.     

On general frame decompositions

We provide a characterization and construction of general frame decompositions. We show that generating all duals for a given frame amounts to finding left inverses of an one-to-one mapping. A general parametric and algebraic formula for all duals is derived. An application of the theory to Weyl-Heisenberg (WH) frames is discussed. Besides the (usual) dual frame that preserves the translation and modulation structure, we construct a class of duals that attain such a structure. We also show constructively that there are duals to WH frames which are not the translation and modulation of a single function.     

Time-domain characterization of multiwindow Gabor systems on discrete periodic sets

This paper addresses multiwindow Gabor systems on discrete periodic sets, which can model signals to appear periodically but intermittently. We give some necessary and/or sufficient conditions for multiwindow Gabor systems to foe frames on discrete periodic sets, and characterize two multiwindow Gabor Bessel sequences to foe dual frames on discrete periodic sets. For a given multiwindow Gabor frame, we derive all its Gabor duals, among which we obtain an explicit expression of the canonical Gabor dual. In addition, we generalize multiwindow Gabor systems to the case of a different sampling rate for each window, and investigate multiwindow Gabor frames and dual frames in this case. We also show the properties of the multiwindow Gabor systems are essentially not changed by replacing the exponential kernel with other kernels.     

Dual fusion frames

The definition of dual fusion frame presents technical problems related to the domain of the synthesis operator. The notion commonly used is the analogue to the canonical dual frame. Here a new concept of dual is studied in infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert spaces. It extends the commonly used notion and overcomes these technical difficulties. We show that with this definition in many cases dual fusion frames behave similar to dual frames. We present examples of non-canonical dual fusion frames.     

Adaptive frame methods for elliptic operator equations

This paper is concerned with the development of adaptive numerical methods for elliptic operator equations. We are especially interested in discretization schemes based on frames. The central objective is to derive an adaptive frame algorithm which is guaranteed to converge for a wide range of cases. As a core ingredient we use the concept of Gelfand frames which induces equivalences between smoothness norms and weighted sequence norms of frame coefficients. It turns out that this Gelfand characteristic of frames is closely related to their localization properties. We also give constructive examples of Gelfand wavelet frames on bounded domains. Finally, an application to the efficient adaptive computation of canonical dual frames is presented.     

Explicit constructions and properties of generalized shift-invariant systems in $L^{2}(\mathbb {R})$

Generalized shift-invariant (GSI) systems, originally introduced by Hernández et al. and Ron and Shen, provide a common frame work for analysis of Gabor systems, wavelet systems, wave packet systems, and other types of structured function systems. In this paper we analyze three important aspects of such systems. First, in contrast to the known cases of Gabor frames and wavelet frames, we show that for a GSI system forming a frame, the Calderón sum is not necessarily bounded by the lower frame bound. We identify a technical condition implying that the Calderón sum is bounded by the lower frame bound and show that under a weak assumption the condition is equivalent with the local integrability condition introduced by Hernández et al. Second, we provide explicit and general constructions of frames and dual pairs of frames having the GSI-structure. In particular, the setup applies to wave packet systems and in contrast to the constructions in the literature, these constructions are not based on characteristic functions in the Fourier domain. Third, our results provide insight into the local integrability condition (LIC).     

Dilation of Dual Frame Pairs in Hilbert C*-Modules

We investigate the geometric properties for Hilbert C*-modular frames. We show that any dual frame pair in a Hilbert C*-module is an orthogonal compression of a Riesz basis and its canonical dual for some larger Hilbert C*-module. This generalizes the Hilbert space dual frame pair dilation theory due to Casazza, Han and Larson to dual Hilbert C*-modular frame pairs. Additionally, for any Hilbert C*-modular dual frame pair induced by a group of unitary operators, we show that there is a dilated dual pair which inherits the same group structure.     

Linearly connected sequences and spectrally optimal dual frames for erasures

In the case that a frame is prescribed for applications and erasures occur in the process of data transmissions, we examine optimal dual frames for the recovery from single erasures. In contrast to earlier papers, we consider the spectral radius of the error operator instead of its operator norm as a measure of optimality. This notion of optimality is natural when the Neumann series is used to recover the original data in an iterative manner. We obtain a complete characterization of spectrally one-erasure optimal dual frames in terms of the redundancy distribution of the prescribed frame. Our characterization relies on the connection between erasure optimal frames and the linear connectivity property of the frame. We prove that the linear connectivity property is equivalent to the intersection dependent property, and is also closely related to the well-known concept of a k-independent set. Additionally, we also establish several necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an alternate dual frame to make the iterative reconstruction work.     

Highly sparse representations from dictionaries are unique and independent of the sparseness measure

The purpose of this paper is to study sparse representations of signals from a general dictionary in a Banach space. For so-called localized frames in Hilbert spaces, the canonical frame coefficients are shown to provide a near sparsest expansion for several sparseness measures. However, for frames which are not localized, this no longer holds true and sparse representations may depend strongly on the choice of the sparseness measure. A large class of admissible sparseness measures is introduced, and we give sufficient conditions for having a unique sparse representation of a signal from the dictionary w.r.t. such a sparseness measure. Moreover, we give sufficient conditions on a signal such that the simple solution of a linear programming problem simultaneously solves all the nonconvex (and generally hard combinatorial) problems of sparsest representation of the signal w.r.t. arbitrary admissible sparseness measures.     

Dualizable Shearlet Frames and Sparse Approximation

Shearlet systems have been introduced as directional representation systems, which provide optimally sparse approximations of a certain model class of functions governed by anisotropic features while allowing faithful numerical realizations by a unified treatment of the continuum and digital realm. They are redundant systems, and their frame properties have been extensively studied. In contrast to certain band-limited shearlets, compactly supported shearlets provide high spatial localization but do not constitute Parseval frames. Thus reconstruction of a signal from shearlet coefficients requires knowledge of a dual frame. However, no closed and easily computable form of any dual frame is known. In this paper, we introduce the class of dualizable shearlet systems, which consist of compactly supported elements and can be proved to form frames for \(L^2({\mathbb {R}}^2)\). For each such dualizable shearlet system, we then provide an explicit construction of an associated dual frame, which can be stated in closed form and is efficiently computed. We also show that dualizable shearlet frames still provide near optimal sparse approximations of anisotropic features.