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本实验对不锈钢管内CaCO_3污垢的沉积过程进行了分段研究。测得传热系数后,获得了污垢热阻,并用电镜扫描(SEM)获得了污垢分布随时间的变化.实验结果表明:在不锈钢管内CaCO_3污垢沉积的初始阶段,传热系数增大而非减小,出现负污垢热阻,说明CaCO_3污垢初始阶段的沉积有利于传热,经过一段时间的沉积后才会出现正污垢热阻。电镜扫描(SEM)结果表明,污垢沉积的初始阶段,污垢结晶以星状点分布于管内壁,随着沉积时间的增长星状点变得密实,这种不完全覆盖使得流体在流经污垢时产生扰流,增强了传热效果。随着时间推移,结晶污垢的覆盖面积逐渐增大,污垢热阻逐渐增加,传热系数减小。 相似文献
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波纹管内流动特性的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着超导技术的发展,高温超导电缆在电力输运中逐渐得到重视并进行了广泛的研究.由于波纹管具有良好的柔韧性和收缩性,在高温超导电缆中得到应用.波纹管内的流动压力损失参数是高温超导电缆低温系统重要的设计参数,因而研究波纹管内的流动特性具有重要的意义.对通径为6 mm,8 mm和10 mm的波纹管内液氮和氮气的流动特性进行了实验研究.液氮实验结果表明:液氮在波纹管内的流动具有波动性.在4000~40000的雷诺数范围内,测量了氮气的质量流量和压力损失,计算得到流动摩擦系数.分析表明:压力损失随雷诺数的增大而增大;波纹管的摩擦系数要高于光管,摩擦系数随雷诺数的增大而减小,摩擦系数随t/d的减小而减小. 相似文献
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The main scope of this article paper is to experimentally clarify the effects of outer-tube and inner-tube corrugations on thermal and frictional characteristics in a horizontal double-pipe heat exchanger. Nusselt number, friction factor, and thermal performance factor are evaluated for new various arrangements of convex and concave corrugated tubes. Smooth tubes were corrugated by means of a special machine. Findings indicate that the arrangement type of corrugated tubes has a significant effect on the mentioned parameters. The best performance was obtained for a heat exchanger made of a concave corrugated outer tube and a convex corrugated inner tube. 相似文献
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The sound generation by an air flow in a corrugated tube is studied experimentally for different values of the corrugation pitch and different tube lengths. The Strouhal numbers of sound generated in different tubes with different flow velocities lie within 0.4–0.6. As the flow velocity increases, the Strouhal number decreases. The effect of sound absorption by an air flow in a corrugated duct is described: in a corrugated tube with a flow, at frequencies below the generation frequency, the absorption of sound produced by an external source is observed. A semiempirical model of aeroacoustic interaction in a corrugated tube is proposed. The model provides a qualitative agreement with the experiment. 相似文献
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This study reports an experimental investigation of evaporative heat transfer and pressure drop of R-134a flowing downward inside vertical corrugated tubes with different corrugation pitches. The double tube test section is 0.5 m long with refrigerant flowing in the inner tube and hot water flowing in the annulus. The inner tubes are comprised of one smooth tube and three corrugated tubes with different corrugation pitches of 6.35, 8.46, and 12.7 mm. The test runs are performed at evaporating temperatures of 10°C, 15°C, and 20°C; heat fluxes of 20, 25, and 30 kW/m2; and mass fluxes of 200, 300, and 400 kg/m2s. The experimental data obtained from the smooth tube are plotted with flow pattern map for vertical flow. Comparisons between smooth and corrugated tubes on the heat transfer and pressure drop are also discussed. It is observed that the heat transfer coefficient and frictional pressure drop obtained from the corrugated tubes are higher than those from the smooth tube. Furthermore, the heat transfer coefficient and frictional pressure drop increase as the corrugation pitch decreases. The maximum heat transfer enhancement factor and penalty factor are up to 1.22 and 4.0, respectively. 相似文献
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开展了基于相干光时域反射型的光纤分布式声增敏传感研究,提出了单端固定开口波纹薄筒光纤声增敏方法,建立了光纤声增敏装置波节间距、单波节轴向刚度、光纤长度等参数对光纤相位灵敏度的影响理论模型.制作了3种规格的光纤声增敏传感装置进行声传感实验.实验结果表明,声增敏传感装置相位灵敏度达到2.975 rad/Pa,最小声探测信号达到60.1 dB,3种规格的声增敏传感装置的灵敏度测试值与理论分析基本一致.研究结果为高灵敏度的光纤分布式声传感的进一步发展提供了理论和实验基础. 相似文献
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Yubin Gong Wenxiang Wang Xiaolan Zhou 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》1997,18(11):2219-2232
The relativistic traveling wave tube is an important high power microwave source. The corrugated cylindrical waveguide is
usually used as slow wave structure of this device. Starting from wave equation and using boundary conditions, dispersion
relation is derived for the corrugated waveguide, in which an intense relativistic electron beam propagates along the axis.
Two cases which are shorter period and longer period are discussed in this paper respectively. The small signal gain of the
relativistic traveling wave tube is analyzed and some conclusions are drawn. The analysis method presented in this paper can
be extended to other types of slow wave structures of relativistic traveling wave tube. 相似文献
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简述了列管式换热器强化传热技术的进展及发展方向,管程强化传热采用螺纹管、横纹管、波纹管、缩放管、管内插入物、三维内肋管、翘片管等传热元件,壳程强化传热采用板式支撑、折流插式支撑、空心环支撑、管子自支撑等管束支撑结构。指出了列管式换热器研究中存在的不足。指出了今后的发展方向,为列管式换热器的研究和应用提供理论参考。 相似文献
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高温超导电缆用波纹管内液氮流动特性的数值研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着超导技术的发展,高温超导电缆在电力输运中逐渐得到重视并进行了广泛的研究。由于波纹管具有良好的柔韧性和收缩性,在高温超导电缆中作为杜瓦放置电缆,冷却超导体用的液氮需流经波纹管。在系统设计中,需要对液氮在波纹管中的流动特性加以了解。为了研究液氮在波纹管内的流动特性,对其进行了数值计算及理论分析。分析表明:压力损失随入口速度的增大而增大;在波纹内形成了涡旋流;在所考察的雷诺数范围内,雷诺数对摩擦系数的影响不大,而波纹尺寸对摩擦系数具有主要的影响。摩擦系数随s/t的增大而减小。。 相似文献