共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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综述了近几年来利用金属催化合成多取代呋喃环的方法。分两大类介绍:一是通过对呋喃环进行结构改造,即呋喃金属试剂在过渡金属催化下与卤化物或酰氯发生偶联反应得到,或呋喃卤化物与金属试剂、烯烃、炔烃偶联得到;二是以非环状化合物为前体进行呋喃环的构筑,即在金属试剂催化下,1,2-联烯基酮、β-碘代-β-烯酮、叁键在α,β-、β,γ-、γ,δ-的炔酮、4-炔-2-烯醇可以关环得到多取代的呋喃产物。此外,在Ru~2(OAc)~4催化下,α-叠氮酮与炔烃反应得到金属卡宾中间体,然后关环也可得到取代呋喃产物。 相似文献
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过渡金属络合物荷移光谱的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在配位场近似下,用不可约张量方法对具有O_4对称性的FeCl_6~(3-)及与其结构相似的过渡金属络合物的Hamilton矩阵进行了矩阵分割,得到了一种计算荷移光谱的简单方法.在计算中采用方案,考虑了纯组态内部的Coulomb作用和旋轨作用,忽略了不同组态间的Coulomb作用.并采取冻结轨道近似.计算结果与实验光谱数据符合较好. 相似文献
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利用XPS对以金属盐共浸渍制备的PH+CO/AL_2O_3和RH_2Co_2(CO)_12为前体制备的Rh_2Co_2/Al_2O_3催化剂的金属-金属及金属-载体相互作用进行了详细的研究.发现Rh+Co/Al_2O_3经400℃ H_2还原后RH的结合能与Rh~0的结合能接近,Co基本上以CoAL_2O_4状态存在,Co_0的谱峰很弱;而Rh_2Co_2/Al_2O_3经400℃H_2还原后Rh的结合能与Rh~0接近,Co除以CoAl_2O_4状态存在外,还有相当一部分以Co~0状态存在.上述结果揭示出两个样品的RH-Al_2O_3的相互作用弱,Co-Al_2O_3的相互作用强.Rh+Co/Al_2O_3上Rh-Co相互作用弱,而Rh_2Co_2/Al_2O_3在H_2还原后仍保持RhCo簇合物的强的Rh-Co相互作用,导致显著量的Co~0存在. 相似文献
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含有M—C键的金属有机配合物,除金属簇固定到载体上产生的部分顺磁阴离子物种外,其余大多数具有抗磁性,这就为NMR谱研究金属有机配合物和簇提供了可能性.含7-,8-配合物的金属有机配合物和部分簇合物又多属立体非刚性,呈现出流变性,在溶液中其分子可发生位点交换、构象翻转等呈现出复杂的动力学行为.NMR谱跟踪金属有机配合物的反应机理、催化性能及动力学行为将日益发挥着巨大作用. 相似文献
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《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,129(51):16585-16588
Readily accessed cobalt pre‐catalysts with N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands catalyze the Suzuki cross‐coupling of aryl chlorides and bromides with alkyllithium‐activated arylboronic pinacolate esters. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the cobalt species is reduced to Co0 during the reaction. 相似文献
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Roman Schowner Iris Elser Mathis Benedikter Mohasin Momin Wolfgang Frey Tanja Schneck Laura Sthr Michael R. Buchmeiser 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(2):951-958
The origin of hydroxyl group tolerance in neutral and especially cationic molybdenum imido alkylidene N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes has been investigated. A wide range of catalysts was prepared and tested. Most cationic complexes can be handled in air without difficulty and display an unprecedented stability towards water and alcohols. NHC complexes were successfully used with substrates containing the hydroxyl functionality in acyclic diene metathesis polymerization, homo‐, cross and ring‐opening cross metathesis reactions. The catalysts remain active even in 2‐PrOH and are applicable in ring‐opening metathesis polymerization and alkene homometathesis using alcohols as solvent. The use of weakly basic bidentate, hemilabile anionic ligands such as triflate or pentafluorobenzoate and weakly basic aromatic imido ligands in combination with a sterically demanding 1,3‐dimesitylimidazol‐2‐ylidene NHC ligand was found essential for reactive and yet robust catalysts. 相似文献
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A series of Pd–N‐heterocyclic carbene (Pd‐NHC) complexes with pyrazine ( 1 ) or pyridine ( 2 ) and NHC ( 3 ) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods. In addition, the molecular structure of 3 was determined by X‐ray diffraction studies. The effects of these ligands on catalyst activation and the performance of complexes 1 , 2 , 3 were studied on Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of phenylboronic acid with aryl chlorides. Finally, we demonstrated that complex 1 is very adept at re‐forming the Kumada–Tamao–Corriu cross‐coupling reaction. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A series of ruthenium carbene catalysts containing 2‐sulfidophenolate bidentate ligand with an ortho‐substituent next to the oxygen atom were synthesized. The molecular structure of ruthenium carbene complex containing 2‐isopropyl‐6‐sulfidophenolate ligand was confirmed through single crystal X‐ray diffraction. An oxygen atom can be found in the opposite position of the N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) based on the steric hindrance and strong trans‐effects of the NHC ligand. The ruthenium carbene catalyst can catalyze ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) reaction of norbornene with high activity and Z‐selectivity and cross metathesis (CM) reactions of terminal alkenes with (Z)‐but‐2‐ene‐1,4‐diol to give Z‐olefin products (Z/E ratios, 70:30–89:11) in low yields (13%–38%). When AlCl3 was added into the CM reactions, yields (51%–88%) were considerably improved and process becomes highly selective for E‐olefin products (E/Z ratios, 79:21–96:4). Similar to other ruthenium carbene catalysts, these new complexes can tolerate different functional groups. 相似文献
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Synthesis,characterization and catalytic activity in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of palladacycle complexes with n‐butyl‐substituted N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands
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A series of monomeric palladacycle complexes bearing n‐butyl‐substituted N‐heterocyclic carbenes, namely [Pd(NHC)X(dmba)] (dmba: dimethylbenzylamine and [Pd(NHC)X(ppy)]; NHC: 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐substituted benzylimidazol‐2‐ylidene; ppy: 2‐phenylpyridine), were prepared either by transmetallation from the corresponding silver carbene complexes or by the reaction of the corresponding acetate‐bridged palladacycle dimer with N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands in high yields. The palladium(II) complexes were characterized using elemental analyses, APCI‐MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies. These complexes are efficient in the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction between phenylboronic acid and aryl bromides. 相似文献
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A new series of bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene precursors, LHX ( 3a–d ), have been synthesized and characterized by appropriate spectroscopic techniques and microanalyses. In situ prepared Pd(OAc)2/bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene precursors catalysts have catalyzed unactivated aryl chlorides on the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction under mild reaction conditions in aqueous media. 相似文献
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An Alternative Approach to PEPPSI Catalysts: From Palladium Isonitriles to Highly Active Unsymmetrically Substituted PEPPSI Catalysts
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Dipl.‐Chem. Anna Zeiler Dr. Matthias Rudolph Prof. Dr. A. Stephen K. Hashmi 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(31):11065-11071
A series of new pyridine‐enhanced precatalyst preparation, stabilization, and initiation (PEPPSI)‐type complexes bearing different types of carbene ligands was prepared by the modular and convergent template synthesis strategy. Nitrogen acyclic carbenes, saturated and unsaturated five‐membered NHC, saturated six‐membered NHCs, and five‐membered N‐heterocyclic oxo‐carbene (NHOC) ligands on palladium were prepared this way. These new organometallic compounds then were tested in Suzuki and Negishi cross‐coupling reactions by using substrates with one or two substituents in ortho‐position of the new C?C bond being formed. Both aryl chlorides and bromides were tested as coupling partners. In some cases, the new ligands gave results similar to Organ’s successful IPr‐based and IPent‐based PEPPSI derivatives, with aryl bromides 0.05 mol % catalyst load still gave satisfactory results, with aryl chlorides 0.5 mol % were needed. 相似文献
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We describe the first nickel-N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling reaction of a variety of unactivated aryl chlorides, heterocyclic chlorides, aryl dichlorides, and vinyl chloride. The mononuclear and binuclear nickel-NHC complexes supported by heteroarene-functionalized NHC ligands are found to be highly efficient for the coupling of unactivated aryl chlorides and organozinc reagents, leading to biaryls and terphenyls in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. For all aryl chlorides, the binuclear nickel catalysts show activities higher than those of mononuclear nickel complexes because of possible bimetallic cooperative effect. 相似文献
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Palladium(II)‐N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis,characterization and catalytic application
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N‐Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are of great importance and are powerful ligands for transition metals. A new series of sterically hindered benzimidazole‐based NHC ligands (LHX) ( 2a , 2b , 2c , 2d , 2e , 2f ), silver–NHC complexes ( 3a , 3b , 3c , 3d , 3e , 3f ) and palladium–NHC complexes ( 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f ) have been synthesized and characterized using appropriate spectroscopic techniques. Studies have focused on the development of a more efficient catalytic system for the Suzuki coupling reaction of aryl chlorides. Catalytic performance of Pd–NHC complexes and in situ prepared Pd(OAc)2/LHX catalysts has been investigated for the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction under mild reaction conditions in aqueous N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). These complexes smoothly catalyzed the Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of electron‐rich and electron‐poor aryl chlorides. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Jin Yang 《Journal of Coordination Chemistry》2017,70(3):441-450
Four heteroleptic palladium complexes containing both N-heterocyclic carbenes and 1H-benzotriazole were synthesized and characterized. The solid-state structures show mononuclear carbene palladium complexes with each palladium coordinated by an NHC, the 3-position nitrogen of 1H-benzotriazole and two trans chlorides. The catalytic performance of the complexes for Mizoroki–Heck and Sonogashira reactions were further investigated. The results reveal that the complexes show high catalytic activities for coupling of aryl bromides with alkenes and alkynes. 相似文献