微流控芯片免疫分析方法研究进展

综述了微流控芯片免疫分析方法研究新进展。对有关芯片进行了初步分类，并评述了各类芯片的性能与优缺点。尤为关注免疫分析微流控芯片在临床诊断、环境分析等领域的应用研究。引用文献33篇。     

微流控芯片免疫电泳分析方法研究进展

介绍了微流控芯片的制作材料、常用的检测方法,分别讨论了利用动态修饰与静态修饰来解决免疫分析中蛋白质吸附问题,以及竞争免疫分析与非竞争免疫分析在微流控芯片上的应用,并对其发展作出了展望。     

微流控免疫芯片检测方法的研究进展

微流控免疫芯片以其微型化、高通量、快速检测及低消耗等优点成为近年来分析领域的研究热点. 检测技术是微流控芯片的重要组成部分之一. 本文重点综述了近年来微流控免疫芯片的微系统研究及相应的检测方法和技术, 包括电化学检测及荧光检测、紫外-可见吸收光谱检测、化学发光和生物发光检测、表面增强拉曼散射检测、光纤检测、表面等离子体共振谱检测、热透镜显微镜检测和比色检测等光学检测及其它新型检测方面的进展, 并展望了其发展前景.     

微流控芯片技术在生命科学研究中的应用

微流控芯片最初起源于分析化学领域,是一种采用精细加工技术,在数平方厘米的基片,制作出微通道网络结构及其它功能单元,以实现集微量样品制备、进样、反应、分离及检测于一体的快速、高效、低耗的微型分析实验装置.随着微电子及微机械制作技术的不断进步,近年来微流控芯片技术发展迅猛,并开始在化学、生命科学及医学器件等领域发挥重要作用.本文首先简单介绍了微流控芯片制作材料和工艺,然后主要阐述了其在蛋白质分离、免疫分析、DNA分析和测序、细胞培养及检测等方面的应用进展.     

微流控芯片中磁珠表面免疫反应动力学研究

微流控芯片中磁珠作为固相载体的免疫分析得到了非常广泛的应用,了解磁珠表面动力学行为对于磁免疫分析技术的改进与提高具有重要意义。本文建立了一种实时监测微流控芯片中磁珠表面免疫反应的方法,探究了微流控芯片中流速和分析物浓度对磁珠表面偶联的小鼠IgG和溶液中Cy3标记的羊抗小鼠IgG反应动力学的影响,并获得相应的结合和解离速率常数,分别为7.9×104 L·mol-1·s-1,和1.7×10-4 s-1。     

微流控芯片上电驱动在线富集技术的研究进展

微流控芯片上电驱动在线富集技术是一种有效提高分析效率、检测灵敏度和降低对检测器要求的技术和方法。本文针对目前微流控芯片分析系统中生化样品的预处理问题,对芯片上电驱动在线富集技术进行了分析讨论,介绍了等速电泳、等电聚焦、场放大和介电电泳的样品预富集技术在微流控芯片上的实现与应用,并对每一种技术的原理、特点、存在的问题、近年发展的状况和发展趋势进行了综述。     

微流控芯片电泳的研究进展

该文综述了微流控芯片电泳的制备、结构和应用,比较了不同材料微流控芯片电泳的制备机理、表面改性和性能特点,归纳和总结了不同结构微流控芯片电泳的进样、分离和检测系统以及不同类型微流控芯片电泳在荧光物质、金属离子、糖、药物、核酸、DNA、氨基酸、多肽和蛋白质分析中的应用,并对微流控芯片电泳的未来发展方向做了展望.     

3D打印微流控芯片技术研究进展

近年来,微流控技术在生命科学和医学诊断等领域得到广泛的应用,显示出了其在检测速度、精度以及试剂损耗等方面相比传统方法的显著优势.然而,使用从半导体加工技术继承而来的微加工技术制作微流控芯片具有比较高的资金和技术门槛,在一定程度上阻碍了微流控技术的推广和应用.近年来随着3D打印技术的兴起,越来越多的研究者尝试使用3D打印技术加工微流控芯片.相比于传统的微加工技术,3D打印微流控芯片技术显示出了其设计加工快速、材料适应性广、成本低廉等优势.本文针对近年来国内外在3D打印微流控芯片领域的最新进展进行了综述,着重介绍了采用微立体光刻、熔融沉积成型以及喷墨打印等3D打印技术加工制作微流控芯片的方法,以及这些微流控芯片在分析化学、生命科学、医学诊断等领域的应用,并对3D打印微流控芯片技术未来的发展进行了展望.     

微流控技术应用于细胞分析的研究进展

微流控技术由于其固有的优势已发展成为细胞分析中一个强有力的工具.本文从微流控芯片上的细胞培养、细胞微环境的模拟和控制、单细胞分析、芯片器官以及微流控芯片与质谱联用技术等方面对微流控技术在细胞分析研究中的应用进展进行了介绍,并对这一技术的发展前景进行了总结和展望,希望能为相关研究的开展提供启发.     

基于微流控芯片的固相萃取技术的研究进展

作为近年来最前沿的分析技术之一,微流控芯片技术具有高通量、微型化、多功能和集成化等独特优势,目前,该技术主要以生命科学体系为研究对象。但由于生化样品存在基质效应与干扰组分,使得样品分析备受干扰。因此发展微流控芯片中的样品前处理技术,对于样品尤其是复杂的生物样品的纯化和富集极其重要,同时这也是微流控芯片系统走向集成化和微型化必须突破的瓶颈之一。本文针对应用广泛的固相萃取技术,重点综述了微流控芯片上固相萃取技术的几种不同模式即开管柱、填充柱以及整体柱的特点及优缺点,并对微流控芯片系统的发展做出了展望。     

Microfluidic immunoassay with plug-in liquid crystal for optical detection of antibody

Recent advance in liquid crystal (LqC) based immunoassays enables label-free detection of antibody, but manual preparation of LqC cells and injection of LqC are required. In this work, we developed a new format of LqC-based immunoassay which is hosted in a microfluidic device. In this format, the orientations of LqC are strongly influenced by four channel walls surrounding the LqC. When the aspect ratio (depth/width) of the channel is smaller than 0.38, LqC orients homeotropically inside the microchannel and appears dark. After antigens bind to immobilized antibodies on the channel walls, a shift of the LqC appearance from dark to bright (due to the disruption of LqC orientation) can be visualized directly. To streamline the immunoassay process, a tubing cartridge loaded with a sample solution, washing buffers and a plug of LqC is connected to the microfluidic device. By using pressure-driven flow, the cartridge allows antigen/antibody binding, washing and optical detection to be accomplished in a sequential order. We demonstrate that this microfluidic immunoassay is able to detect anti-rabbit IgG with a naked-eye detection limit down to 1 μg mL⁻¹. This new format of immunoassay provides a simple and robust approach to perform LqC-based label-free immunodetection in microfluidic devices.     

Antigen-responsive, microfluidic valves for single use diagnostics

The growing need for medical diagnostics in resource limited settings is driving the development of simple, standalone immunoassay devices. A capillary flow device using polymerization based amplification is capable of blocking a microfluidic channel in response to target biomaterials, enabling multiple modes of detection that require little or no supplemental instrumentation.     

Brain slice on a chip: opportunities and challenges of applying microfluidic technology to intact tissues

Isolated brain tissue, especially brain slices, are valuable experimental tools for studying neuronal function at the network, cellular, synaptic, and single channel levels. Neuroscientists have refined the methods for preserving brain slice viability and function and converged on principles that strongly resemble the approach taken by engineers in developing microfluidic devices. With respect to brain slices, microfluidic technology may 1) overcome the traditional limitations of conventional interface and submerged slice chambers and improve oxygen/nutrient penetration into slices, 2) provide better spatiotemporal control over solution flow/drug delivery to specific slice regions, and 3) permit successful integration with modern optical and electrophysiological techniques. In this review, we highlight the unique advantages of microfluidic devices for in vitro brain slice research, describe recent advances in the integration of microfluidic devices with optical and electrophysiological instrumentation, and discuss clinical applications of microfluidic technology as applied to brain slices and other non-neuronal tissues. We hope that this review will serve as an interdisciplinary guide for both neuroscientists studying brain tissue in vitro and engineers as they further develop microfluidic chamber technology for neuroscience research.     

Current development in microfluidic immunosensing chip

This review accounts for the current development in microfluidic immunosensing chips. The basic knowledge of immunoassay in relation to its microfluidic material substrate, fluid handling and detection mode are briefly discussed. Here, we mainly focused on the surface modification, antibody immobilization, detection, signal enhancement and multiple analyte sensing. Some of the clinically important currently implemented on the microfluidic immunoassay chips are C-reactive protein (CRP), prostate specific antigen (PSA), ferritin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), myoglobin (Myo), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and creatine kinase-cardiac muscle isoform (CK-MB). The emerging microfludic immunosensor technology may be a promising prospect that can propel the improvement of clinical and medical diagnosis.     

A software-programmable microfluidic device for automated biology

Specific-purpose microfluidic devices have had considerable impact on the biological and chemical sciences, yet their use has largely remained limited to specialized laboratories. Here we present a general-purpose software-programmable microfluidic device which is capable of performing a multitude of low- and high-level functions without requiring any hardware modifications. To demonstrate the applicability and modularity of the device we implemented a variety of applications such as a microfluidic display, fluid metering and active mixing, surface immunoassays, and cell culture. We believe that analogously to personal computers, programmable, general-purpose devices will increase the accessibility and advance the pervasiveness of microfluidic technology.     

Oxygen radical-driven surface modification of polycaprolactone-filled glass microfiber media: Probing the surface chemistry of wicking microfluidic devices

Cost and complexity are key factors in designing microfluidic devices for broad application. Therefore, the development of a simple, inexpensive, and easily manufactured fabrication technique that does not require expensive chemicals or instruments is necessary. We have successfully demonstrated the use of long-lived oxygen radicals for the fabrication of membrane-based microfluidic devices on polycaprolactone (PCL)-filled glass microfiber (GMF) membranes. These devices may incorporate complex multidimensional (2D and 3D) microfluidic pathways on a single PCL-filled GMF membrane. Selective exposure to oxygen radicals generated in a homebuilt oxygen plasma exposure system was employed to pattern the flow path; radical exposure of the polymer-filled substrate altered the physical and chemical properties of the surface, affecting wettability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only wicking microfluidic device fabrication technology that is capable of generating both 2D and 3D microfluidic pathways in a single membrane; hence, it has many potential applications. Investigations were conducted to probe the effects of oxygen radical exposure in order to provide a more quantitative understanding of the process. These findings will help expand the utility of the selective oxygen radical exposure–driven fabrication technology.     

A review on microfluidics in the detection of food pesticide residues

This paper briefly explains the food safety problems related to pesticide residues and introduces microfluidics technology as a pesticide residue detection method. Three mainstream microfluidic detection devices are detailed: one driven by liquid surface tension, one by motor siphon drive, and one by centrifugal force. The advantages and disadvantages of each are considered in an analysis of future trends in microfluidic technology for pesticide detection.     

Microfluidic DNA amplification—A review

The application of microfluidic devices for DNA amplification has recently been extensively studied. Here, we review the important development of microfluidic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) devices and discuss the underlying physical principles for the optimal design and operation of the device. In particular, we focus on continuous-flow microfluidic PCR on-chip, which can be readily implemented as an integrated function of a micro-total-analysis system. To overcome sample carryover contamination and surface adsorption associated with microfluidic PCR, microdroplet technology has recently been utilized to perform PCR in droplets, which can eliminate the synthesis of short chimeric products, shorten thermal-cycling time, and offers great potential for single DNA molecule and single-cell amplification. The work on chip-based PCR in droplets is highlighted.