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1.
P. N. Jiang W. Z. Wang Y. Z. Liu G. Meng 《Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)》2012,82(2):177-189
A comparative analysis of the influence of steam leakage through vane, gland, and shaft seals on the rotordynamics of the
high-pressure rotor of a 1,000 MW ultra-supercritical steam turbine was performed using numerical calculations. The rotordynamic
coefficients associated with steam leakage through the three labyrinth seals were calculated using the control-volume method
and perturbation analysis. A stability analysis of the rotor system subject to the steam forcing induced by the leakage flow
was performed using the finite element method. An analysis of the influence of the labyrinth seal forcing on the rotordynamics
was carried out by varying the geometrical parameters pertaining to the tooth number, seal clearance, and inner diameter of
the labyrinth seals, along with the thermal parameters with respect to pressures and temperatures. The results demonstrated
that the steam forcing with an increase in the length of the blade for the vane seal significantly influences the rotordynamic
coefficients. Furthermore, the contribution of steam forcing to the instability of the rotor is decreased and increased with
increases in the seal clearance and tooth number, respectively. The comparison of the rotordynamic coefficients associated
with steam leakage through the vane seal, gland seal, and shaft seal convincingly disclosed that, although the steam forcing
attenuates the stability of the rotor system, the steam turbine is still operating under safe conditions. 相似文献
2.
A nonlinear mathematical model for orbital motion of the rotor under the influence of leakage flow through a labyrinth seal was established in the present study. An interlocking seal was chosen for study. The rotor–seal system was modeled as a Jeffcot rotor subject to aerodynamic forcing induced by the leakage flow. Particular attention was placed on the serpentine flow path by spatially separating the aerodynamic force on the rotor surface into two parts, e.g., the seal clearance and the cavity volume. Spatio-temporal variation of the aerodynamic force on the rotor surface in the coverage of the seal clearance and the cavity volume was delineated by using the Muzynska model and perturbation analysis, respectively. The governing equation of rotor dynamics, which was incorporated with the aerodynamic force integrated over all seal clearances and cavity volumes, was solved by using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method to obtain the orbit of the whirling rotor. Stability of the rotating rotor was inspected using the Liapunov first method. The results convincingly demonstrate that the destabilization speed of the rotor was reduced due to the aerodynamic force induced by the leakage flow through the interlocking seal. The nonlinear analysis method proposed in the present study is readily applied to dynamics of various rotor–seal systems with labyrinth seals. 相似文献
3.
建立超临界二氧化碳(supercritical carbon dioxide,SCO2)高低齿梳齿密封三维数值计算模型,应用基于微元理论的密封动特性识别方法,研究凸台宽度及密封间隙对超临界二氧化碳梳齿密封动静特性的影响,并与传统梳齿密封进行对比. 研究表明:高低齿梳齿密封的交叉复合刚度系数对有效阻尼系数影响较小,主阻尼对其占主要影响. 在低涡动频率下(<160 Hz),传统梳齿密封动力稳定性较好;而涡动频率高于160 Hz时,高低齿梳齿密封的有效阻尼系数约为传统梳齿密封的105%~113%;且存在1个最佳凸台宽度使密封系统稳定性最好(本文最佳值为5.13 mm);随着密封间隙的减小,有效阻尼系数的大小与频率依赖性分别增大、增强. 高低齿梳齿密封泄漏量较传统梳齿密封降低约45.5%;凸台宽度5.13 mm、密封间隙0.4 mm时较原始模型(b=4 mm、c2=0.5 mm)泄漏量分别降低约5%和19%,高低齿梳齿密封泄漏量随密封间隙的减小而降低. 相似文献
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阻旋栅对梳齿密封动静特性影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阻旋栅可改变密封进口流体周向流动与进口预旋,是提高系统稳定性的主要方法之一. 本文作者应用计算流体力学方法研究了阻旋栅几何参数对梳齿密封动静特性的影响,计算分析了阻旋栅在不同长度、间隙、周向个数及不同进口预旋比下密封流场分布与动力特性系数,并与无阻旋栅梳齿密封进行对比. 研究表明:阻旋栅能够有效抑制密封进口周向流动、降低密封腔室周向压力;随着阻旋栅周向个数与阻旋栅间隙的减小,其抑制效果增强,阻旋栅长度的增加对周向速度影响则越来越小;提高预旋比将使密封内流体周向速度增加. 与传统梳齿密封相比,具有阻旋栅的梳齿密封直接阻尼增加,交叉刚度降低,进而有效阻尼提高. 阻旋栅间隙s=0.20 mm、长度l=3.25 mm、数量n=90时密封有效阻尼较大,系统稳定性最好. 相似文献
6.
Influence of leakage flow through labyrinth seals on rotordynamics: numerical calculations and experimental measurements 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y. Z. Liu W. Z. Wang H. P. Chen Q. Ge Y. Yuan 《Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)》2007,77(8):599-612
An extensive investigation of the influence of the leakage flow through a labyrinth seal at supply pressure of 12 bar on the
rotordynamics was performed by using numerical calculations and experimental measurements. Toward this end, an experimental
rotor setup was established in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Two labyrinth seals were chosen for comparison, e.g., an interlocking
seal and a stepped one. The numerical calculations based on the bulk-flow theory and the perturbation analysis were accomplished.
Simultaneous acquisitions of the fluctuating static pressure at the stator wall and the displacement of the whirling rotor
were made. The influence of the aerodynamic forcing on the rotor was analyzed in terms of the axial distribution of the mean
static pressure, the circumferential distribution of the fluctuating pressure, the fist critical speed and the destabilization
rotating speed of the rotor. The experimental results demonstrated that the sinusoidal distribution of the fluctuating static
pressure on the stator wall was closely related to the whirling motion of the rotor. The first critical speed of the rotor
was reduced by the aerodynamic forcing, resulting in intensified destabilization of the rotor system. Furthermore, the numerical
analyses were in good agreement to the experimental measurements. 相似文献
7.
The objective of this work is to observe the effects of friction factors for the stepped labyrinth seals. The gas flow through
the seals creates net pressure and shear forces acting on the rotor. It is necessary to predict these forces for reliably
operating turbomachinery. So we investigated the effect of shear forces on the calculation of rotordynamic coefficients by
comparing the results in the case shear forces are considered and in the case they are neglected. We also compared our results,
obtained with the Colebrook–White friction factor model, with some reference experimental and computational results. 相似文献
8.
具有封严蓖齿转子系统的动力稳定性分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
封严蓖齿的气弹力对转子系统的稳定性起重要作用,本文建立了具有封严蓖齿的转子系统动力稳定性的分析方法,该方法利用传递矩阵法建立系统的主导方程,将封严蓖齿的气弹力以等效刚度及等效阻尼系数的方式引入转子系统的主导方程,用数值积分法解主导方程,求得系统的动力特性,根据扰动解判断系统的稳定性。本文所建立的分析软件,也可计算转子系统的不平衡响应、临界转速、突加不平衡响应等。文中对一模型转子进行了算例分析。 相似文献
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迷宫密封是依靠节流间隙中的节流过程和迷宫空腔内的动能耗散过程来实现密封的,这两个流体流动过程从本质上规定了迷宫密封的密封性能。通过密封内部流动本质的研究,合理利用湍流流动的规律和特点,能够发挥密封内部湍流的增阻作用,提高密封性能。本文数值计算了一种锯齿型径向迷宫密封的内部流动,得到了密封内部的流动形态,揭示了密封内部流动与密封性能的关系。结果表示,密封存在一个最佳的齿插入长度。在最佳齿插入长度时,尽管节流间隙较大,但由于节流间隙内流动收缩和偏转,间隙的有效通流面积却很小,泄漏介质可以在间隙中获得较大的速度,在迷宫空腔内形成正确的耗散涡流,密封具有最佳的密封效果。所以,充分发挥湍流增阻的作用,可以突破节流间隙的微小尺寸限制,实现较大间隙下的良好密封。这不仅会给迷官密封的制造、安装及运行等带来很大的方便,而且可以为发展新的迷宫密封技术奠定理论基础。 相似文献
11.
Nonlinear Dynamics - In rotor systems, the labyrinth seal system is the core component to suppress fluid leakage between the rotor and the stator. In this paper, based on the finite element method,... 相似文献
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研究了型孔形状和方向性对孔型阻尼密封泄漏特性的影响. 建立了孔型阻尼密封流场特性CFD数值模型,对比分析了不同转速和密封间隙下圆孔阻尼密封、蜂窝密封、迷宫密封和光滑面密封的泄漏特性,研究不同转速下型孔形状、超椭圆系数和倾斜角对广义孔型阻尼密封泄漏特性的影响规律,探讨了方向性型孔阻尼密封阻流控漏机制. 结果表明:紧密排列的孔型阻尼密封相较于迷宫密封和光滑面密封具有显著优异的密封性能;倾斜角为30°、超椭圆系数为2且边数为2的类椭圆型孔阻尼密封在静止时具有最小的泄漏率,且可通过减小周向或轴向排列间距进一步减小泄漏;一定倾斜角条件下,超椭圆系数较大的类椭圆型孔出口尖端附近能形成明显的低速阻流区,从而达到阻流控漏的效果. 相似文献
14.
建立了不同偏心状态下迷宫密封三维数值分析模型,应用基于微元理论的密封动力特性系数识别方法计算密封静态和动态特性. 结果表明:转子偏心会降低密封抑制流体泄漏的效果;密封腔内周向压力高点随偏心率增大逐渐偏离最小间隙处. 低偏心率(≤ 0.5)下,静态直接刚度K与静态交叉刚度k变化较小,高偏心率(> 0.5)下K和k的绝对值减小. 随着偏心率的增大,密封小间隙侧流动黏性效应增强是产生负静态直接刚度的主要原因. 密封偏心涡动时,低偏心率(< 0.6)下刚度和阻尼系数变化较小,随偏心率和涡动频率的升高直接刚度逐渐变为负值;随偏心率的增大,交叉刚度在正交两个方向上大小不再相等,有效阻尼降低,高偏心率(≥ 0.6)下有效阻尼受偏心率影响更显著. 相似文献
15.
Using a flexible support is an efficient approach to solving the subsynchronous problems in a turbopump. In this paper, nonlinear rotordynamic analysis of a liquid fuel turbopump with a flexible support is presented using a dynamic modeling including two key destabilizing factors, nonlinear hydrodynamic forces induced by seals and internal rotor damping. The methodology of the partitioned direct integration method (PDIM) is described for reducing the computational efforts efficiently. Combining the PDIM and the shooting method, a nonlinear stability analysis of the rotor system is performed effectively. The numerical results, which are in good agreement with test data, indicate that the effects of flexible support stiffness k on the dynamic characteristics and stability of the rotor system are significant. The first critical speed of the rotor system rises as a nonlinear function of k markedly. The second critical speed varies slightly and approximates a linear variation as k increases. The onset speed of instability of the rotor system rises initially and then reduces as k increases. The effect of seal nonlinearities at low k is contrary to that at high k and the effect of seal length on the system stability is more significant than that of seal radius. The results explain the nature of the subsynchronous motion of a turbopump rotor system with flexible support and can be used in the design and operation of a liquid fuel turbopump rotor system to eliminate its rotordynamic problem. 相似文献
16.
建立交错式扇贝阻尼密封三维数值分析模型,基于动网格及多频椭圆涡动模型研究密封动力特性沿轴向分布规律,计算分析错开角度(α=0°、11.25°、22.5°、33.75°)与密封腔深度(h=2.8、3.3、3.8和4.3 mm)对密封动力特性的影响. 结果表明:上游腔室(C1~C4)具有较大的正直接刚度和有效阻尼,对抑制转子涡动、提升系统稳定性的贡献相对较大. 相对并列式(α=0°)结构,交错式扇贝阻尼密封流体周向速度较小、湍流耗散增加,系统稳定性提升,同时密封泄漏量降低. 错开角度为33.75°时的有效阻尼约为0°时的111%~121%;错开角度为22.5°时的泄漏量相较于0°时约降低了2.11%. 有效阻尼随密封腔深度减小而增大,密封腔深度为2.8 mm时的有效阻尼约为4.3 mm时的146%~211%;密封泄漏量随密封腔深度增大而降低,密封腔深度为4.3 mm时的泄漏量相较于2.8 mm时降低了约3.73%. 相似文献
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A numerical code has been developed to determine the rotordynamic coefficients of straight-through labyrinth gas seals in the case of a single volume model. Some considerations are drawn concerning the position of the sonic section when the flow is choked. Furthermore, the influence of kinematic viscosity varying with pressure has been considered. The results are compared with the experimental and theoretical ones available in the literature. The agreement between results is fairly good. 相似文献
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The influence of labyrinth seal on the stability of unbalanced rotor system was presented . Under the periodic excitation of rotor unbalance , the whirling vibration of rotor is synchronous if the rotation speed is below stability threshold, whereas the vibration becomes severe and asynchronous which is defined as unstable if the rotation speed exceeds threshold . The. Muszynska model of seal force and shooting method were used to investigate synchronous solution of the dynamic equation of rotor system. Then , based on Floquet theory the stability of synchronous solution and unstable dynamic characteristic of system were analyzed. 相似文献
20.
有限长大间隙环流中同心转子动特性系数研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
基于作者建立的大间隙环流中转子运动理论模型,用摄动法推导了有限长大间隙环流流场非线性控制方程的零阶和一阶摄动方程,研究了摄动方程的数值求解方法,并用该数值方法深入研究了有限长大间隙环流中同心转子的动特性系数以及壁面粗糙度、入口压力、长径比和入口预旋等参数的影响,研究结果表明,系统参数对有限长大间隙环流中同心转子动特性系数的影响是流体惯性效应、旋流效应、摩擦耗散效应和Lomakin效应综合影响的因素。 相似文献