双同步混沌吸引子动力系统中的筛形域

解析证明耦合映射混沌同步系统中的两个同步混沌吸引子的吸引域是筛形域．在特定耦合参数区间中,解析证明这两个同步混沌吸引子的吸引域不仅被无穷远吸引子的吸引域筛形,还通过数值证明它们的吸引域彼此互相筛形,展示出类似于Wada性质的特征．但进一步的讨论表明这种复杂的被两个(或更多)吸引域共同筛形的结构并不是Wada域,而是由于筛形分岔和筛形域局部—全局分岔导致的．     

非线性强迫Mathieu方程的激变和瞬态混沌

应用广义胞映射图论（ＧＣＭＤ）方法研究了非线性强迫Ｍａｔｈｉｅｕ方程的激变、瞬态混 沌、以及随系统参数变化的全局分岔特性．揭示了参数激励常微分系统混沌吸引子的边界激变 是由于混沌吸引子与其吸引域边界上的不稳定周期轨道发生碰撞而产生的,发现了边界激变产 生的瞬态混沌,在Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒé截面上直观地表明了瞬态混沌的几何空间结构,以及瞬态混沌的空 间结构随着系统参数逐渐远离激变临界值的衰变．给出了对自循环胞集进行局部细化的方法．     

泊松方程中域积分化为边界积分的方法

本文讨论了二维和三维泊松方程中域积分化为边界积分的方法。对于形如x~ig_x(y,z)、y~ig_x(x,z)和z~ig_z(x,y)的荷载给出了域积分转化为边界积分的正确公式。而对于复杂荷载,利用泰勒展开将域积分近似地转化为边界积分并给出了误差估计。计算结果表明利用本文方法可大大节省计算时间。因此,本文方法是一种十分有效的方法。     

高维非线性系统的全局分岔和混沌动力学研究

综述了Melnikov方法的发展历史, 从1963年苏联学者Melnikov提出该方法开始, 一直到目前广义Melnikov方法的提出和发展. Melnikov方法的发展历程可以概括为3 个阶段, 分别综述了每一个阶段Melnikov方法的扩展和应用, 论述了国内外在该方向的研究现状和所获得的主要结果, 指出了各种Melnikov方法之间的联系、存在的问题和不足. 为了对比两种研究高维非线性系统多脉冲混沌动力学的理论, 本文综述了另外一种全局摄动理论, 即能量相位法, 总结了该方法十几年来的发展历史以及国内外的理论研究成果和工程应用实例, 阐述了能量相位法发展的根源以及与Melnikov方法的内在联系, 比较了能量相位法和广义Melnikov方法两种理论研究对象的差别, 以及各自所存在的不足和问题. 简要论述了能量相位法和广义Melnikov方法的理论体系, 并利用广义Melnikov方法分析了四边简支矩形薄板的多脉冲混沌动力学, 数值模拟进一步验证了理论研究的结果. 最后, 详细综述了两种理论的缺点和不足, 说明今后全局摄动理论的发展方向.     

边界元法边界层处理的一种新方法—拟多连域法

提出了处理边界元法边界层问题的新方法。这种方法在求得边界未知量后，在距边界较远的域中构造一工作边界，将实际边界与工作边界看作一多连域问题求得工作边界的未知量。再将工作边界与边界层边界视为一多连域问题求解，可得到满足精度要求的边界附近点的位移与应力。这种方法理论简洁、计算方便、有效、精度高，对于需求边界上多点的未知量问题很具优越性     

基于行消元回代法的多域边界元分析方法

提出了一种用多域边界元技术求解大型工程问题的新算法. 首先, 采用三步变量凝聚技术, 将由内部点、边界点和公共结点表述的每一子域的基本边界元代数方程表述成只有公共结点变量为未知量的代数方程, 然后, 根据公共结点的平衡方程和协调条件组集具有稀疏系数特征的总体系统方程组. 为了有效求解该系统方程组, 首次在边界元法中引进一种能有效求解大型非对称稀疏系数矩阵方程组的行消元回代法(REBSM), 该方法可在方程的每一行组形成时进行消元和回代, 当方程组组集完毕后即可得到方程的解, 不需要最后的回代过程. 因为一些项的重复计算在每一行的处理中合并掉, 因此REBSM要比传统的高斯消元法需要较少的内存, 而且计算速度具有数量级的提高, 可为边界元法求解大型工程问题提供有力的方程求解器.      

奇异边界法求解多连通域的瞬态热传导问题

提出一种基于奇异边界法结合双重互易法的数值模型来求解瞬态热传导问题.奇异边界法属于配点型边界无网格方法,相对于网格方法,其具有无需划分网格,只需边界配点的优势.运用差分格式来处理热传导方程中的时间变量,将原热传导方程化为非齐次修正Helmholtz方程.修正Helmholtz方程的解由齐次解和特解两部分组成,齐次解通过奇异边界法求出,特解由双重互易法求出,源项由径向基函数近似.通过数值算例检验了本文数值模型的精度及有效性;算例结果表明,该数值模型计算精度较高,误差基本都在1%以内,具有很好的稳定性,能有效地应用于求解多连通域的瞬态热传导问题.     

比例边界坐标插值方法在谱元法中的应用——无穷域Euler方程的数值模拟

将比例边界坐标插值方法引入谱元法, 构成比例边界谱单元, 对无穷域Euler方程进行数值模拟.阐述了比例边界谱单元的基本使用方法以及基于比例边界谱元的Runge-Kutta间断Galerkin方法求解Euler方程的过程;计算了无穷域圆柱和NACA0012翼型绕流问题, 并与已有结果进行了比较, 显示了计算结果的正确性.用基于比例边界谱元的间断Galerkin方法求解无穷域Euler方程时, 最多只需将求解域划分为2个子域, 避免了一般谱方法将求解域划分为9个或者27个子域的麻烦. 比例边界谱单元为无穷域Euler方程的直接求解提供了一个可供参考的方法.     

不确定性移动载荷激励下弹性简支梁的动态响应边界分析及应用

不确定性移动载荷激励下的弹性梁振动是土木、机械和航空航天等工程领域普遍存在的一类重要问题。在许多实际工程中,不确定移动载荷的样本测试数据有限或测试成本较高,本文引入区间过程模型对此类动态不确定性参数进行描述,提出了一种求解不确定移动载荷激励下弹性梁振动响应边界的非随机振动分析方法。首先,介绍了确定性移动载荷激励下弹性梁的振动微分方程及其解析求解方法;其次,引入区间过程模型,以上下边界函数的形式对不确定性移动载荷进行度量,进而基于模态叠加法发展出弹性梁振动响应边界求解的非随机振动分析方法;最后,将上述非随机振动分析方法应用于车桥耦合振动问题。     

两自由度机械臂λ^2=1下的Hopf分岔与混沌研究

研究了一类周期系数力学系统因周期运动失稳而产生Hopf分岔及混沌问题.首先根据拉格朗日方程给出了该力学系统的运动微分方程,并确定其周期运动的具有周期系数的扰动运动微分方程,再根据Floquet理论建立了其给定周期运动的Poincaré映射,根据该系统的特征矩阵有一对复共轭特征值从-1处穿越单位圆情况,分析该Poincaré映射不动点失稳后将发生次谐分岔、Hopf分岔、倍周期分岔,而多次倍周期分岔将导致混沌.并用数值计算加以验证.结果表明,随着分岔参数的变化,系统的周期运动可通过次谐分岔形成周期2运动,进而发生Hopf分岔形成拟周期运动,并再次经次谐分岔、倍周期分岔形成混沌运动.     

Chaotic Saddles in Wada Basin Boundaries and Their Bifurcations by the Generalized Cell-Mapping Digraph (GCMD) Method

By means of the generalized cell-mapping digraph (GCMD) method, we studybifurcations governing the escape of periodically forced oscillatorsfrom a potential well, in which a chaotic saddle plays an extremelyimportant role. In this paper, we find the chaotic saddle anddemonstrate that it is embedded in a strange fractalbasin boundary which has the Wada property that any point that is on theboundary of that basin is also simultaneously on the boundary of atleast two other basins. The chaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary,by colliding with a chaotic attractor, leads to a chaotic boundarycrisis with indeterminate outcome. A local saddle-node fold bifurcation,if the saddle of the saddle-node fold is located in tangency with thechaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary, also results in a strangeglobal phenomenon, namely that the local saddle-node fold bifurcation hasglobally indeterminate outcome. We also investigate the origin andevolution of the chaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary, particularlyconcentrating on its discontinuous bifurcations (metamorphoses). Wedemonstrate that the chaotic saddle in the Wada basin boundary iscreated by a collision between two chaotic saddles in differentfractal basin boundaries. After a final escape bifurcation, there onlyexists the attractor at infinity and a chaotic saddle with a beautifulpattern is left behind in the phase space.     

Properties of Chaotic and Regular Boundary Crisis in Dissipative Driven Nonlinear Oscillators

The phenomenon of the chaotic boundary crisis and the related concept of the chaotic destroyer saddle has become recently a new problem in the studies of the destruction of chaotic attractors in nonlinear oscillators. As it is known, in the case of regular boundary crisis, the homoclinic bifurcation of the destroyer saddle defines the parameters of the annihilation of the chaotic attractor. In contrast, at the chaotic boundary crisis, the outset of the destroyer saddle which branches away from the chaotic attractor is tangled prior to the crisis. In our paper, the main point of interest is the problem of a relation, if any, between the homoclinic tangling of the destroyer saddle and the other properties of the system which may accompany the chaotic as well as the regular boundary crisis. In particular, the question if the phenomena of fractal basin boundary, indeterminate outcome, and a period of the destroyer saddle, are directly implied by the structure of the destroyer saddle invariant manifolds, is examined for some examples of the boundary crisis that occur in the mathematical models of the twin-well and the single-well potential nonlinear oscillators.     

Duffing-van der Pol系统的随机分岔

应用广义胞映射图论方法(GCMD)研究了在谐和激励与随机噪声共同作用下的Duffing-vander Pol系统的随机分岔现象. 系统参数选择在多个吸引子与混沌鞍共存的范围内.研究发现, 随着随机激励强度的增大,该系统存在两种分岔现象:一种为随机吸引子与吸引域边界上的鞍碰撞, 此时随机吸引子突然消失;另一种为随机吸引子与吸引域内部的鞍碰撞, 此时随机吸引子突然增大. 研究证实,当随机激励强度达到某一临界值时,该系统还会发生D-分岔(基于Lyapunov指数符号的改变而定义),此类分岔点不同于上述基于系统拓扑性质改变所得的分岔点.     

Nonlinear oscillations and chaotic motions in a road vehicle system with driver steering control

The nonlinear dynamics of a differential system describing the motion of a vehicle driven by a pilot is examined. In a first step, the stability of the system near the critical speed is analyzed by the bifurcation method in order to characterize its behavior after a loss of stability. It is shown that a Hopf bifurcation takes place, the stability of limit cycles depending mainly on the vehicle and pilot model parameters. In a second step, the front wheels of the vehicle are assumed to be subjected to a periodic disturbance. Chaotic and hyperchaotic motions are found to occur for some range of the speed parameter. Numerical simulations, such as bifurcation diagrams, Poincaré maps, Fourier spectrums, projection of trajectories, and Lyapunov exponents are used to establish the existence of chaotic attractors. Multiple attractors may coexist for some values of the speed, and basins of attraction for such attractors are shown to have fractal geometries.     

圆弧足被动行走机器人步态多重稳定性研究

目前关于被动行走步态的研究主要是揭示参数变化对其稳定性的影响, 而对于步态多重稳定性的研究则较为少见. 步态的多重稳定性不仅是行走模式多样化产生的根源, 还是引发步态突变的关键因素. 尽管当前共存步态的存在性已受到关注, 但关于这些步态的产生、演化以及消失机制的系统性研究尚未开展. 为此, 文章以圆弧足被动行走机器人为研究对象, 应用胞映射及点映射算法探索到与周期一步态共存的几种高周期步态, 绘制了共存步态的三维吸引盆并对这些步态的行走特性进行了详细的对比分析. 此外, 基于跳跃矩阵法改进了Poincaré-Newton-Floquet (PNF)算法, 对被动行走系统的不稳定轨道及其对应的Floquet乘子进行了求解, 并结合吸引盆进一步揭示了步态演化过程中的分岔和激变现象. 研究结果表明, 共存步态的周期越高, 其平均步速越快, 但步态稳定性越差; 这些共存步态均由极限环的折叠分岔产生, 并由倍周期级联路径通向混沌, 最终与不稳定轨道在吸引盆边界上产生碰撞而消失. 文章的研究结果有助于理解被动行走步态的多重稳定性, 并为机器人的优化设计及稳定控制提供理论依据.     

GLOBAL BIFURCATION AND CHAOS IN A VAN DER POL-DUFFING-MATHIUE SYSTEM WITH A SINGLE-WELL POTENTIAL OSCILLATOR

The global bifurcation and chaos are investigated in this paper for a van der Pol-Duff-ing-Mathieu system with a single-well potential oscillator by means of nonlinear dynamics. The au-tonomous system corresponding to the system under discussion is analytically studied to draw all globalbifureation diagrams in every parameter space, These diagrams are called basic bifurcation ones. Thenfixing parameter in every space and taking the parametrically excited amplitude as a bifurcation param-eter, we can observe how to evolve from a basic bifurcation diagram to a chaos pattern in terms of nu-merical methods. The results are sufficient to show that the system has distinct dynamic behavior, Fi-nally, the properties of the basins of attraction are observed and the appearance of fractal basin bound-aries heralding the onset of a loss of structural integrity is noted in order to consider how to control theextent and the rate of the erosion in the next paper.     

STUDY FOR THE BIFURCATION TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND THE GLOBAL COMPLICATED CHARACTER OF A KIND OF NONLINEAR FINANCE SYSTEM(Ⅰ)

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STUDY FOR THE BIFURCATION TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND THE GLOBAL COMPLICATED CHARACTER OF A KIND OF NONLINEAR FINANCE SYSTEM (Ⅰ)

Based on the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, all possible things that the model shows in the operation of our country’s macro-financial system were analyzed, such as balance, stable periodic, fractal, Hopf-bifurcation, the relationship between parameters and Hopf-bifurcations,and chaotic motion etc. By the changes of parameters of all economic meanings, the conditions on which the complicated behaviors occur in such a financial system, and the influence of the adjustment of the macro-economic policies and adjustment of some parameter on the whole financial system behavior were analyzed. This study will deepen people’s understanding of the lever function of all kinds of financial policies.