采用消逝波干涉的二维表面微光阱阵列

提出了一种采用两套超大红失谐消逝波干涉和一束蓝失谐消逝波光场来实现原子二维表面微光阱阵列和原子有效强度梯度冷却的新方案,得到了二维表面微光阱阵列的光强分布和光学势分布.研究发现,二维表面微光阱阵列中微光阱的光学势能够有效地囚禁从标准磁光阱中释放的冷原子,并且被囚禁的冷原子能在蓝失谐消逝波光场的作用下产生有效的强度梯度Sisyphus冷却,对⁸⁷Rb原子而言,原子温度能被冷却到2.56μK.该方案在冷原子物理、原子光学和量子光学领域中有着广阔的应用前景. 关键词： 消逝波干涉 微光阱阵列 原子囚禁 强度梯度冷却     

芯片表面的冷极性分子静电阱与微阱阵列

提出一种利用三根载荷金属杆来实现在芯片表面陷俘冷极性分子的静电阱.给出空间静电场等高线分布.通过调节电极电压操控阱中心距离芯片表面的高度.用经典的蒙特卡罗方法模拟冷分子被装载和囚禁的动力学过程.方案对中心速度为11 m·s^-1的冷分子束,最大装载效率可以达到40%,阱中分子的温度大约为25 mK.方案可以进一步微型化、集成化,形成一维和二维静电微阱阵列,在量子计算、低维物理等方面有应用价值.     

平面刻槽离子阱的热噪声引起的离子加热研究

研究了和平面刻槽离子阱中的电压热涨落噪声引起的离子加热和离子加热的直接计算模型,给出了离子加热的加热尺度,并利用有限元分析方法计算了当刻槽宽度和射频电极宽度比例α发生变化时加热尺度的变化。同时,还利用涨落耗散原理计算了控制电极的阻抗热涨落对离子产生的加热效应,并给出了x和y方向电场涨落的谱密度表达式,通过计算给出了较好的α值。     

用空间光调制器产生三维光阱阵列

本文提出了用液晶空间光调制器制作复合相位光栅、产生三维光阱阵列的新方案．在本方案中,首先将一维矩形光栅转变为能够产生纵向光阱阵列的环形光栅,再把环形光栅和二维矩形光栅组合成复合光栅．根据现有空间光调制器的技术参数,模拟仿真设计了产生5×5×5光阱阵列的光栅,以普通功率的高斯光波为输入光,正透镜聚焦衍射光,计算输出光强分布,结果表明：在透镜焦点附近获得具有很高峰值光强和光强梯度的三维光阱阵列,囚禁冷原子的光学偶极势达到mK量级,对原子的作用力远大于原子的重力．用大功率激光作为输入光波时,产生的光阱阵列也能用于囚禁Stark减速后的冷分子．     

One and Two Photon Excitation of Radiofrequency Trapped Ca+

射频囚禁离子被广泛应用于量子信息和冷分子制备. 对于从单个离子到10^6个离子不等的样品,这些原子的内能和外能可以被控制到非常高的精度. 重点讨论了利用射频囚禁的Ca+来作为频率计量的标准方法.     

采用Damman光栅实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的光阱阵列

本文提出了一种采用Damman光栅和球面透镜组合光学系统产生二维光阱阵列的新方案。在使用红失谐高斯激光束照射的条件下，我们推导了计算光阱阵列的周期、光强分布、光强梯度和光阱几何参数的经验公式，讨论了此光阱阵列的特点以及在原子光学和分子光学中的应用。研究结果表明：这种光阱阵列方案比已有的光阱阵列方案更为简单可行、操作方便，非常适用于冷原子或冷分子的阵列囚禁，以及制备新颖的光学晶格。     

一种新颖的表面空心微光阱阵列

提出了采用四台阶相位光栅与微透镜阵列组合产生一种新颖的表面空心微光阱阵列的方案，研究了表面空心微光阱阵列的光强分布，计算了相应的光学囚禁势，并讨论了该微光阱阵列在原子分子光学中的潜在应用.研究表明当用1W的YAG激光照射时，在1cm²面积上可产生近10⁴个空心光阱，每个光阱具有较小的囚禁体积和较大的有效光强及其强度梯度，对⁸⁵Rb原子的光学囚禁势可达190μK.如此深的光阱足以囚禁冷原子或冷分子，并可用于实现全光型原子或分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚，甚至制备新颖的光学晶格等. 关键词： 空心光阱 冷原子或冷分子 光学晶格     

量子计算与量子模拟中离子阱结构研究进展

离子阱系统是实现量子计算和量子模拟的主要体系之一.世界范围内的各个离子阱研究小组共同推动着离子阱结构的丰富化发展,开发出一系列高性能的三维离子阱、二维离子芯片、以及具有集成器件的离子阱系统.离子阱的结构逐渐向小型化、高通光性和集成化方向发展,并表现出卓越的量子操控能力—对多离子的囚禁能力和精确控制能力越来越高.本综述将总结过去的十几年里离子阱在结构上的演化历程,以及离子阱在量子计算与量子模拟实验研究中的最新进展.通过分析具有代表性的离子阱结构,总结离子阱系统在加工工艺、鲁棒性和多功能性等方面取得的进步,并对基于离子阱系统的可扩展量子计算与模拟作出展望.     

基于四瓣高斯飞秒激光的多丝阵列产生与调控EI北大核心CSCD

基于亥姆霍兹波动方程和非线性传输波动方程,模拟了四瓣高斯飞秒激光在空气中线性传输和非线性传输的光强空间分布,以期获得规则的多丝阵列稳定传输。研究结果表明,当初始入射激光功率相对较强时,基于四瓣高斯飞秒激光光束可获得规则的多丝阵列产生。通过改变初始束腰半径和光束阶数,实现对光丝阵列间距的调控。光丝阵列间距大于背景能量池尺寸时,光丝阵列将稳定传输且间距保持不变;小于背景能量池尺寸时,多丝相互融合进而形成稳定的单丝。当初始入射激光功率相对较弱且大于自聚焦阈值功率时,将会出现多次自聚焦现象,最终形成稳定的单丝传输。该研究提供了一种产生二维规则飞秒激光光丝阵列的方法,将为基于飞秒激光多丝阵列的实际应用,如太赫兹波增强、空气激光增强、遥感探测、微波通道以及微粒捕获等,提供理论依据。     

采用Damman光栅实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的光阱阵列

提出了一种采用Damman光栅和球面透镜组合光学系统产生二维光阱阵列的新方案. 在使用红失谐高斯激光束照射的条件下，推导了计算光阱阵列的周期、光强分布、光强梯度和光阱几何参数的经验公式，讨论了此光阱阵列的特点以及在原子光学和分子光学中的应用. 研究结果表明，这种光阱阵列方案比已有的光阱阵列方案更为简单可行、操作方便，非常适用于冷原子或冷分子的阵列囚禁，以及制备新颖的光学晶格. 关键词： 冷原子或冷分子 光阱阵列 Damman光栅 光偶极势     

Planar ion chip design for scalable quantum information processing

We investigate a planar ion chip design with a two-dimensional array of linear ion traps for scalable quantum information processing. Qubits are formed from the internal electronic states of trapped ^40Ca^＋ ions. The segmented electrodes reside in a single plane on a substrate and a grounded metal plate separately, a combination of appropriate rf and DC potentials is applied to them for stable ion confinement. Every two adjacent electrodes can generate a linear ion trap in and between the electrodes above the chip at a distance dependent on the geometrical scale and other considerations. The potential distributions are calculated by using a static electric field qualitatively. This architecture provides a conceptually simple avenue to achieving the microfabrication and large-scale quantum computation based on the arrays of trapped ions.     

A grooved planar ion trap design for scalable quantum information processing

We describe a new electrode design for a grooved surface-electrode ion trap,which is fabricated in printed-circuitboard technology with segmented electrodes.This design allows a laser beam to get through the central groove to avoid optical access blocking and laser scattering from the ion trap surface.The confining potentials are modeled both analytically and numerically.We optimize the radio frequency(rf) electrodes and dc electrodes to achieve the maximum trap depth for a given ion height above the trap electrodes.We also compare our design with the reality ion chip MI I for practical considerations.Comparison results show that our design is superior to MI I.This ion trap design may form the basis for large scale quantum computers or parallel quadrupole mass spectrometers.     

Heating rate and electrode charging measurements in a scalable, microfabricated, surface-electrode ion trap

We characterise the performance of a surface-electrode ion “chip” trap fabricated using established semiconductor integrated circuit and micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) microfabrication processes, which are in principle scalable to much larger ion trap arrays, as proposed for implementing ion trap quantum information processing. We measure rf ion micromotion parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the trap electrodes, and find that on-package capacitors reduce this to ?10?nm in amplitude. We also measure ion trapping lifetime, charging effects due to laser light incident on the trap electrodes, and the heating rate for a single trapped ion. The performance of this trap is found to be comparable with others of the same size scale.     

驻波激光场中囚禁离子的线性熵和量子态转移研究

运用量子纠缠和线性熵理论,研究了驻波激光场中囚禁离子的线性熵和量子态转移.讨论了相干角、离子的相对位相、离子与驻波激光场之间的耦合强度以及失谐量、Lamb-Dicke参数对离子线性熵的影响.结果表明,在一定的条件下可以实现囚禁离子的内态到振动态的相干转移,线性熵随时间的演化呈现非周期性的振荡行为.离子线性熵的最大值随着相干角、离子与激光场之间的耦合强度以及失谐量的增大而减小,随着Lamb-Dicke参数的增大而增大.并且可以通过调节驻波激光场来调节离子与驻波激光场之间的耦合强度和失谐量,从而达到对离子线性熵的控制与操纵,理论上提供了一种调控纠缠的方式.     

驻波激光场中囚禁离子的线性熵和量子态转移研究

运用量子纠缠和线性熵理论,研究了驻波激光场中囚禁离子的线性熵和量子态转移。讨论了相干角、离子的相对位相、离子与驻波激光场之间的耦合强度以及失谐量、Lamb-Dicke参数对离子线性熵的影响。结果表明,在一定的条件下可以实现囚禁离子的内态到振动态的相干转移,线性熵随时间的演化呈现非周期性的振荡行为。离子线性熵的最大值随着相干角、离子与激光场之间的耦合强度以及失谐量的增大而减小,随着Lamb-Dicke参数的增大而增大。并且可以通过调节驻波激光场来调节离子与驻波激光场之间的耦合强度和失谐量,从而达到对离子线性熵的控制与操纵,理论上提供了一种调控纠缠的方式。     

Motional Quantum-State Engineering and Implementation of a Quantum Phase-Gate for Multiple Trapped Ions

We propose a scheme to generate a superposition of motional coherent states with arbitrary coefficients on a line in phase space and implement a quantum controlled phase-gate for multiple trapped ions with a single standing-wave laser pulse whose carrier frequency is tuned to the ions transition. In the scheme each ion does not need to be exactly positioned at the node of the standing wave, which is very important from viewpoint of experiment, Furthermore, our scheme may allow the generation of a superposition of coherent states with large mean phonon number for a large number of trapped ions in a fast way by choosing suitable laser intensity. We show that it can also be used to generate maximally entangled states of multiple trapped ions.     

Motional Quantum-State Engineering and Implementation of a Quantum Phase-Gate for Multiple Trapped Ions

We propose a scheme to generate a superposition of motional coherent states with arbitrary coefficients on a line in phase space and implement a quantum controlled phase-gate for multiple trapped ions with a single standing-wave laser pulse whose carrier frequency is tuned to the ions transition. In the scheme each ion does not need to be exactly positioned at the node of the standing wave, which is very important from viewpoint of experiment. Furthermore, our scheme may allow the generation of a superposition of coherent states with large mean phonon number for a large number of trapped ions in a fast way by choosing suitable laser intensity. We show that it can also be used to generate maximally entangled states of multiple trapped ions.     

几率量子隐形传态的离子阱方案

本文提出了一个在分别囚禁于不同离子阱中的两个离子间实现几率量子隐形传态的简单方案,Alice对离子1和离子2的内态进行联合测量并通过经典通道告诉Bob测量结果,Bob利用一束经典驻波场激光与离子3相互作用并控制相互作用的时间就能够在离子3上最佳几率地重现离子1的初始内态.     

Stripline probes for nuclear magnetic resonance

A novel route towards chip integrated NMR analysis is evaluated. The basic element in the design is a stripline RF 'coil' which can be defined in a single layer lithographic process and which is fully scalable to smaller dimensions. The sensitivity of such a planar structure can be superior to that of a conventional 3D helix. The basic properties, such as RF field strength, homogeneity and susceptibility broadening are discussed in detail. Secondary effects related to the thermal characteristics are discussed in simplified models. Preliminary NMR tests of basic solid and liquid samples measured at 600 MHz confirm the central findings of the design study. It is concluded that the stripline structure can be a valuable addition to the NMR toolbox; it combines high sensitivity with low susceptibility broadening and high power handling capabilities in a simple scalable design.     

Ion trapping for quantum information processing

In this paper we have reviewed the recent progresses on the ion trapping for quantum information processing and quantum computation. We have first discussed the basic principle of quantum information theory and then focused on ion trapping for quantum information processing. Many variations, especially the techniques of ion chips, have been investigated since the original ion trap quantum computation scheme was proposed. Full two-dimensional control of multiple ions on an ion chip is promising for the realization of scalable ion trap quantum computation and the implementation of quantum networks.