不同电极结构下双通道大气压He等离子体射流数值研究

采用二维轴对称流体模型对单电极结构（不锈钢针管）和双电极结构（不锈钢针管-高压环形电极）下同轴双通道进气的大气压氦气等离子体射流进行了对比研究。研究表明:相比于单电极结构,双电极结构下射流的传播速度明显降低,介质管内尤为严重。同时双电极结构下射流的空间结构也发生了显著变化。在单电极结构下,随射流发展由环形中空结构转变为实心圆盘结构;而在双电极结构下则呈现出实心圆盘结构至环形中空结构再至实心圆盘结构的演化过程,改善了射流空间分布的均匀性。此外,还研究了双电极结构下高压环形电极厚度对射流的影响。研究表明,随环形电极厚度的增加,射流的传播速度进一步降低,射流通道径向收缩,同时环形中空结构的射流内径减小,进而改善了射流径向分布的均匀性。     

回流罩结构Z-箍缩实验的数值模拟

采用二维磁驱动数值模拟程序(MDSC2)对大电流脉冲功率装置FP-2上的回流罩结构Z-箍缩实验exp90和exp60进行了数值模拟。数值模拟表明,回流罩结构Z-箍缩实验测量电流/回路电流不是负载套筒电流,回流罩结构Z-箍缩实验中回路电流不完全从负载套筒通过,回路电流和负载套筒电流之间存在一个结构系数,提出了边界磁场强度与回路电流关系的新公式。采用具有结构系数的边界磁场强度公式和磁流体力学程序能正确模拟exp90和exp60两个回流罩结构Z-箍缩实验,模拟的套筒内径运动速度和实验测量速度相一致。回流罩结构Z-箍缩实验的结构系数为一常数,仅由回流罩的初始结构确定。90 mm和60 mm内直径套筒的结构系数分别为0.87和0.90。在套筒初始厚度、绝缘材料等其它条件相同的情况下,套筒内径越大,回流罩结构Z-箍缩实验的结构系数越小。     

C波段50 MW行波输出速调管设计

设计了导流系数1.53 P的电子枪,枪内场强低于22.1 kV/mm,阴极平均负载小于6.3 A/cm2;采用部分屏蔽流均匀场电磁聚焦系统,实现了对电子注的良好聚焦;设计了C波段/2模盘荷波导行波输出结构,采用CST软件对其色散特性、耦合阻抗进行了计算分析。首先以单间隙输出腔代替行波输出结构对5腔注-波互作用系统进行计算,确定了前4腔的设计参数,然后采用PIC模拟软件对具有盘荷波导结构的输出系统进行了三维模拟,获得了大于50 MW的输出功率,效率大于45%,饱和增益大于50 dB,盘荷波导结构间隙电压比单间隙输出腔下降30%,效率提高4%。     

碳纳米管封装表面异构Si20融化的结构演变

采用分子动力学方法模拟一种硅的特殊结构（表面异构的硅十二面体结构）填充到扶手型单壁纳米管组成的复合结构的加热过程,通过可视化,键角分布,二面角分布等分析方法来研究这种结构在碳纳米管中的稳定性和结构演变情况。研究发现这种结构在碳纳米管中是非常稳定的,并且随着温度的升高,硅纳米团簇的四面体结构开始减少,近邻原子数目有所增加,但不超过8个。该复合结构是由二十个四面体组成的正十二面体,通过模拟分析可知这种结构具有相当高的稳定性,一部分原因是正四面体的单臂纳米管比较稳定,对十二面体结构的硅起了一定的保护作用;另一部分原因是Si20的正十二面体本身具有较高稳定度,这一点我们通过可视化软件发现这种团簇是缩成一团而并不是从中间裂开观察得到。     

基于人工表面等离激元的双通带频率选择结构设计

本文提出了一种基于人工表面等离激元的频率选择结构的设计方法：将设计的频率选择表面和金属鱼骨结构阵列相结合得到一种新的频率选择结构.文中采用这种方法设计了一种具有陡截止和高透、高抑制性能的双通带频率选择结构.该结构由金属鱼骨结构阵列和上下两层相同的频率选择表面复合而成.通过仿真可得,该结构的两个通带频率范围分别是3.0–4.1和10.5–10.9 GHz,透射率均在-0.5 dB以上.透射率低于-10 dB的频率范围是4.7–9.2和12.1–18 GHz.在12.4–15.5 GHz频率范围内,该结构的透射率甚至低于-20 dB.在通带内,电磁波可以高效地透过该结构;在阻带内,该结构对电磁波的透射具有较好的抑制作用.测试结果表明用这种方法设计出的频率选择结构的实际性能和仿真基本一致.在金属鱼骨结构空隙中填入轻质泡沫后该结构具有一定的力学承载性能,可以实现结构功能一体化的设计.     

杆型SFRFQ结构的研究

RFO加速结构是一种非常巧妙的低能强流加速结构,但是它存在能量上限问题.而杆型SFRFQ加速结构是一种改进的无反场的SFRFQ结构.对分离作用杆型RFQ加速结构在能量增益和横向稳定性两个方面进行了研究,最后还和光阑型SFRFQ结构进行了一些简单的比较 关键词： 能量上限问题 RFQ 杆型SFRFQ 反场 光阑型SFRFQ     

High-speed observation of cavitation bubble cloud structures in the focal region of a 1.2 MHz high-intensity focused ultrasound transducer

Cavitation bubble clouds in the focal region of HIFU play important roles in therapeutic applications of HIFU. Temporal evolution and spatial distribution of cavitation bubble clouds generated in the focal region of a 1.2 MHz single element concave HIFU transducer in water are investigated by high-speed photography. It is found that during the initial 600 micro s insonation cavitation bubble clouds organize to the "screw-like structure" or "cap-like structure". The screw-like structure is characterized by a nearly fixed tip at the geometrical focus of the HIFU transducer, and the cap-like structure is marked by a dent formed in the direction of ultrasound transmission. After 600 micro s, another two structures are recorded - "streamer structure" and "cluster structure". The streamer structure is also featured by a nearly fixed bottom position at the focus, while the cluster structure is distinguished by agglomerations of bubbles around the focus.     

Defect modes and magnetooptical activity of a one-dimensional magnetophotonic crystal

The reflection spectrum of a periodic transverse-magnetized structure containing a finite number of ferromagnet-dielectric periods has been obtained. The influence of a substitutional defect on the reflection spectrum is analyzed for normal incidence of light on the structure. It is shown that the intensity and position of the defect miniband in the bad gap of the spectrum depend on the location of the defect layer in the structure and on its type (magnetic or nonmagnetic). It is found that magnetooptical activity of the defect structure is higher than in a defect-free structure.     

石墨烯碳纳米管复合结构渗透特性的分子动力学研究

采用经典分子动力学方法研究了压力驱动作用下水在石墨烯碳纳米管复合结构中的渗透特性.研究结果表明,水分子渗透通过石墨烯碳纳米管复合结构的渗透率明显高于石墨烯碳纳米管组合结构.水在石墨烯碳纳米管复合结构中的渗透率随着压强的升高而增大,随着电场强度的增大而减小.考虑了温度和复合结构中双碳管轴心距对水渗透性的影响规律.系统温度越高,水的渗透率越高;随着双碳管轴心距的增加,水的渗透率逐渐降低.通过计算分析水流沿渗透方向的能障分布,解释了各参数变化对水在石墨烯碳管复合结构中渗透特性的影响机理.研究结果将为基于石墨烯碳管复合结构的新型纳米水泵设计提供一定的理论依据.     

基于人工复合材料的太赫兹波双波段滤波

本文分别从实验和理论模拟两方面详细的讨论了金属双环和反双环两种亚波长阵列结构在太赫兹波段的双频率响应特性. 这两种双环结构都可以实现双频率调制,金属双环结构表现为两个明显的吸收峰,反双环结构则表现出明显的透过峰. 这两种结构不仅在物理结构上互补,在太赫兹波段的响应也表现为吸收和透过互补的特性. 其中高频响应来源于内环电子振荡,低频影响则来源于外环电子振荡,并且这种结构在太赫兹波段的响应与周期无关. 关键词： 太赫兹 滤波器 亚波长阵列 FDTD     

共焦波导回旋行波管准光注入结构设计

为了解决共焦波导回旋行波管现有输入结构带宽较窄的问题,基于高斯变换,为0.4 THz共焦波导回旋行波管设计了准光注入结构,注入模式为HE06模。该结构由波纹波导模式变换器、高斯变换镜及接收天线构成。对整个注入结构进行了三维电磁仿真,结果表明,在回旋行波管8 GHz的工作带宽内,注入效率大于50%,最大注入效率68%。     

The equivalent potential of water molecules for electronic structure of cysteine

In order to get more reliable electronic structure of protein in aqueous solution, it is necessary to construct a simple, easy-use equivalent potential of water molecules for protein's electronic structure calculation. The first-principles, all-electron, ab initio calculations have been performed to construct the equivalent potential of water molecules for the electronic structure of Cys. The process consists of three steps. First, the electronic structure of the cluster containing Cys and water molecules is calculated. Then, based on the structure, the electronic structure of Cys with the potential of water molecules is calculated using the self-consistent cluster-embedding method. Finally, the electronic structure of Cys with the potential of dipoles is calculated. The dipoles are adjusted so the electronic structure of Cys with the potential of dipoles is close to that of water molecules. The calculations show that the major effect of water molecules on Cys' electronic structure is lowering the occupied electronic states by about 0.032 Ry, and broadening energy gap by 16%. The effect of water molecules on the electronic structure of Cys can be simulated by dipoles potential.     

Surface Structure and Electronic Property of InP（001）-（2×1）S Surface： A First-Principles Study

The surface structure and electronic property of InP（001）-（2 ×1）S surface under S-rich condition are investigated based on first-principles simulations. The analyses of phase transition show that the 3B model is the most stable structure and the S-S dimer is difficult to form. The geometry of the 3B structure agrees well with the experiments. It is also found that the 3B structure has a good passivation with a band gap of about 1.24eV. The results indicate that the 3B structure is the best candidate for the sulfur-rich InP（001）（2 × 1）A phase.     

共焦波导回旋行波管准光注入结构设计

为了解决共焦波导回旋行波管现有输入结构带宽较窄的问题,基于高斯变换,为0.4 THz共焦波导回旋行波管设计了准光注入结构,注入模式为HE06模。该结构由波纹波导模式变换器、高斯变换镜及接收天线构成。对整个注入结构进行了三维电磁仿真,结果表明,在回旋行波管8 GHz的工作带宽内,注入效率大于50%,最大注入效率68%。     

The equivalent potential of water molecules for electronic structure of lysine

In order to get more reliable electronic structures of proteins in aqueous solution, it is necessary to construct a potential of water molecules for protein’s electronic structure calculation. The lysine is a hydrophilic amino acid. It is positively charged (Lys+) in neutral water solution. The first-principles, all-electron, ab initio calcula-tions, based on the density functional theory, have been performed to construct such an equivalent potential of water molecules for lysine (Lys+). The process consists of three parts. First, the electronic structure of the cluster containing Lys+ and water molecules is calculated. By adjusting the positions of water molecules, the geometric structure of the cluster having minimum total energy is determined. Then, based on the structure, the electronic structure of Lys+ with the potential of water molecules is calculated using the self-consistent cluster-embedding (SCCE) method. Finally, the electronic structure of Lys+ with the potential of dipoles is calculated. The dipoles are adjusted so that the electronic structure of Lys+ with the potential of dipoles is close to that of water molecules. Thus the equivalent potential of water molecules for the electronic structure of lysine is obtained. The major effect of water molecules on lysine’s electronic structure is raising the occupied eigenvalues about 0.5032 eV, and broadening energy gap 89%. The effect of water molecules on the electronic structure of lysine can be simulated by dipoles potential.     

140 GHz菱形微带曲折线慢波 结构行波管的模拟计算

提出了一种新型的菱形微带曲折线慢波结构。该结构可适用于低电压、宽带宽、中等功率水平的高效率毫米波行波管。和传统的慢波结构相比,微带曲折线是一种平面结构,因此其加工工艺可采用2维微细加工技术。该结构可以用带状电子束进行注-波互作用,并且不需要额外的电子束通道。给出了菱形微带曲折线慢波结构在140 GHz的色散曲线和注-波互作用模拟分析。研究结果显示：在输入功率为40 mW,带状电子束的电流和工作电压分别为90 mA和7 kV的条件下,该微带曲折线行波管可以获得数十W功率输出,互作用效率可达14.3%,瞬时3 dB带宽为18 GHz(132～150 GHz)。     

Hydrogen induced changes in the electronic structure of the palladium-hydrogen system as measured by thermoreflectance

We have made thermoreflectance measurements at 45°C on pure and hydrided palladium thin films over the spectral range 0.4–6.2 eV. In pure palladium, optical structure appears at 0.7 and 5 eV. Upon hydriding the former structure vanishes while the material is in the α-phase. The latter structure is essentially unchanged until the system is in the β-phase when it also disappears. In the β-phase only a new structure at 4 eV is observed. The results suggest that the 0.7 eV structure is associated with a final state just above the Fermi level in pure palladium while the 5 eV structure is associated with a final state which vanishes when PdH_x enters the β-phase.     

On possible spin injection at non-ideal Schottky contacts

The role of the tunneling mechanisms in metal-disordered layer-semiconductor structure under spin injection at the interface is investigated. The non-ideal metal-semiconductor structure as prepared by ionized cluster beam deposition is considered, and it is shown that the depletion region of the semiconductor can be tailored to include a suitably heavily doped region near the interface. The tunneling is described within a simplified model in which the expression for the interface resistance of the metal-disordered layer-semiconductor structure is obtained. It is argued that in the case of ionized cluster beam deposited non-ideal Schottky structure a significant spin injection is achieved.     

Electrodynamic properties of a thin-film periodic structure in an external magnetic field

Reflection and transmission of light by a bounded periodically layered structure formed by periodically repeated dielectric and semiconductor layers in a magnetic field are studied. The period of the structure is assumed to be much shorter than the wavelength. The magnetic field vector is parallel to the layer plane, and the wave propagation direction is perpendicular to the magnetic field. Passage to the limit of the thin-layer structure is performed. It is shown that the structure in this case is a biaxial crystal. The properties of the reflection and transmission coefficients are studied.     

140 GHz菱形微带曲折线慢波 结构行波管的模拟计算

提出了一种新型的菱形微带曲折线慢波结构。该结构可适用于低电压、宽带宽、中等功率水平的高效率毫米波行波管。和传统的慢波结构相比,微带曲折线是一种平面结构,因此其加工工艺可采用2维微细加工技术。该结构可以用带状电子束进行注-波互作用,并且不需要额外的电子束通道。给出了菱形微带曲折线慢波结构在140 GHz的色散曲线和注-波互作用模拟分析。研究结果显示:在输入功率为40 mW,带状电子束的电流和工作电压分别为90 mA和7 kV的条件下,该微带曲折线行波管可以获得数十W功率输出,互作用效率可达14.3%,瞬时3 dB带宽为18 GHz(132～150 GHz)。