Affection of different doping structure on quantum efficiency and spectrum response of reflection-mode GaN photocathode

In order to analyze the effect of varied doping structure on the quantum efficiency and spectrum response of the photocathode, six kinds of reflective varied doping GaN photocathode samples are designed and grown. The quantum efficiency curves and the spectrum response curves are obtained after these samples are activated. Through the analysis of experiment result, the factors and the reasons that can affect the quantum efficiency and spectrum response are concluded. The experiment result shows that the photocathode with exponential-doping structure has the best spectrum response and the highest quantum efficiency. The experiment result provides suggestions for the study on optimizing design of photocathode doping structure.     

Identification of material properties of orthotropic elastic cylinders immersed in fluid using vibroacoustic techniques

A numerical study is presented to show the potential for using vibroacoustic-based experiments to identify elastic material properties of orthotropic cylindrical vessels immersed in fluids. Sensitivity analyses and a simulated inverse problem are shown to quantify the potential for material characterization through the use of acoustic emissions. For comparison purposes, the analyses are also shown with the normal component of the velocity at the surface of the cylinder as the measured response in place of the acoustic pressure. The simulated experiment consisted of an orthotropic cylinder immersed in water with an impact force applied to the surface of the cylinder. The material parameters of the cylinder considered in the analyses were the circumferential and longitudinal elastic moduli, and the in-plane shear modulus. The velocity response is shown to provide sufficient information for characterizing all three moduli from a single experiment. Alternatively, the acoustic pressure response is shown to provide sufficient information for characterizing only the two elastic moduli from a single experiment. The analyses show that the acoustic pressure response does not have sufficient sensitivity to the in-plane shear modulus for characterization purposes.     

The effect of varying the slope of the amplitude-frequency response on the masked speech-reception threshold of sentences

Within the framework of a study on the merits of a frequency-dependent automatic gain control in hearing aids, the effect of varying the slope of the amplitude-frequency response on the speech-reception threshold (SRT) for sentences in noise was studied for normal-hearing listeners. Speech and noise were both subjected to the same amplitude-frequency response. In the first experiment, the effect of a constant slope was investigated (20 listeners). Over a range of about -7 to +10 dB/oct, the SRT in noise remained constant. In the second experiment, a single change in the slope of the amplitude-frequency response was introduced halfway through the sentence. The effect of varying the transition time over a range down to 0.125 s appeared to be very small. In the third experiment, the slope varied continuously with range and variation frequency (0.25-2 Hz) as the parameters. The masked SRT increased gradually with variation frequency. The results indicate that the masked SRT for sentences is remarkably resistant to dynamic variations in the slope of the amplitude-frequency response.     

MARX发生器电流线圈的设计与实验

为测量Marx发生器输出电流, 设计了外积分式罗可夫斯基线圈。采用电容器放电的方式进行线下标定确定刻度因素, 采用盘式TEM室进行线圈的方波响应实验, 实验结果与等效电路模拟仿真吻合。线圈的响应时间为16ns。模拟仿真分析了Marx连接假负载实验中, 实测电流波形后沿衰落较快且脉冲结束后基线不回零的问题。通过调整积分器的RC时间常数, 增加线圈的低频响应能力可消除该失真。改进后的线圈实验结果与理论分析一致。     

溴化镧高剂量率线性响应范围的测定

研究了溴化镧晶体在高剂量率照射下的线性响应特性,采用李萨如图形法测量得到溴化镧晶体对高剂量脉冲的线性响应上限。实验结果表明：溴化镧晶体在能注量率小于2.01018 MeV/(cm2s)时输出仍为线性,当能注量率高于此值时,晶体的响应出现非线性现象。     

溴化镧高剂量率线性响应范围的测定北大核心CSCD

研究了溴化镧晶体在高剂量率照射下的线性响应特性,采用李萨如图形法测量得到溴化镧晶体对γ高剂量脉冲的线性响应上限。实验结果表明:溴化镧晶体在能注量率小于2.0×1018 MeV/(cm2·s)时输出仍为线性,当能注量率高于此值时,晶体的响应出现非线性现象。     

基于水浴黑体的红外成像系统定标实验研究

定标是任何成像和非成像系统定量化应用的前提,实验室定标是把握系统基本性能的关键环节。在阐述红外系统定标的原理和方法的基础上,基于高精度水浴黑体,从稳定度、响应线性和响应度系数方面对红外热像仪进行了定标实验,描述了实验定标系统,并结合实验详细分析了影响定标精度的主要因素:黑体温度的不确定度、对同一辐射量值的测量误差和环境温度引入的误差。     

有界波电磁脉冲模拟器下短线缆效应的理论和实验研究

 研究了有界波电磁脉冲模拟器下短线缆效应的理论建模和实验方法。基于传输线模型计算了线缆在有界波电磁脉冲模拟器辐照下的电流响应。建立了有界波电磁脉冲模拟试验环境,其前沿时间小于5 ns,脉冲半高宽约200 ns。开展了短线缆的效应实验验证研究,短线缆负载端响应电流的测量和计算结果吻合得很好,表明应用改型有界波电磁脉冲模拟器开展短线缆效应实验在理论和实验上都是可行的。这种线缆实验方法具有效应实验空间电磁场分布规范均匀、参数指标可控、监测技术成熟等优点。     

不同条件的声波对果蝇行为影响的实验研究

利用声波不同频率、声强及作用时间3个因子,研究了声波辐照对果蝇行为的影响。通过正交实验得出声波对果蝇行为影响的主次因素及最优水平搭配,并按照最优水平搭配进行了验证实验。实验结果表明:(1)果蝇在声波辐照下,其行为会做出趋避反应、觅食被抑制。(2)本次正交实验的声波辐照因子中,声压级和频率是主要因素。(3)按最优水平搭配因子声波辐照果蝇,果蝇有显著的趋避行为反应,有效趋避率达到22.48%。     

Cascading of liquid crystal elastomer photomechanical optical devices

Photomechanical actuation is demonstrated in two coupled liquid crystal elastomer photomechanical optical devices (PODs) acting in series. The response function of an individual POD is characterized and used to predict the temporal response of the coupled system. The predicted coupled-system response agrees with the experiment for several waveforms and frequencies, suggesting that large-scale integration of photomechanical devices is possible.     

CT扫描系统中成像系统响应的不一致性对重建图像质量的影响

在 CT扫描系统中 ,成像系统响应的不一致性将导致所获取的投影中存在趋势项 ,这将引起 CT重建图像质量的下降。分析了成像系统响应不一致性产生的原因及其对 CT重建图像的影响 ,提出了不一致性校正方法 ,并通过实验进行了验证。     

K_α单光子计数CCD标定北大核心CSCD

对三台单光子计数CCD的能量响应特性和探测效率进行实验标定。采用标准放射源对CCD进行照射,将CCD图像进行统计处理后,得到CCD的能量响应曲线。响应曲线近似为线性,不同的CCD响应曲线斜率明显不同。编写了MATLAB程序对多像素事件进行处理,获得CCD的探测效率曲线。在不同的能点处,CCD的探测效率明显不同,在5.1keV附近探测效率达到最大值。标定结果与XOP软件计算得到的吸收效率理论结果比较一致。该标定结果可用于超强激光打靶产生的Kα荧光光子产额和能谱的定量精确处理。     

硅太阳能电池光谱响应曲线测定研究性实验

采用溴钨灯作为光源,运用光栅单色仪选择不同频率的光照射硅太阳能电池,测得了不同波长光照时的短路电流,通过与入射光强和光子能量相除,获得了硅太阳能电池的相对光谱响应曲线,实验曲线与理论曲线符合得较好.     

Scraping sounds and disgusting noises

Thirty-four horrible sounds have been examined in an Internet-based psychoacoustic experiment. This paper presents the results for the scraping and disgusting noises used. It is not understood why some humans find certain scraping noises, such as the sound of fingernails being scraped down a blackboard, so terrible. In this experiment, the variations in ratings with age, gender and location are examined. The results for one of the scraping sounds is consistent with the hypothesis suggested by others, that the response comes from a vestigial reflex related to the warning cries of monkeys. But this was not true for the actual recording of the fingernails scraping down a blackboard. An alternative hypothesis that the response is related to an audio-haptic interaction was tested and results indicated that this idea warrants further investigation. Other possible causes of the response, drawing on work concerning dissonance, are tentatively suggested. The disgusting sounds examined included the worst sound found in the experiment, the sound of someone vomiting. However, none of the disgusting sounds tested promoted responses consistent with a ‘disgust reaction’ based purely on survival instincts. Cultural factors might be important in our response to the disgusting sounds, with the influence of manners and etiquette being suggested as a possible factor.     

基于线性预测倒谱的被动声纳目标特征提取技术

从声纳员的角度出发，被动声纳目标可以被看作为一个发声体，利用线性预测倒谱从声纳目标噪声中分离出目标作为发声体的冲激响应在倒谱域中的表示，提取一组识别特征，设计神经网络分类器，对三类目标进行分类。实测数据验证了基于线性预测倒谱的被动声纳目标特征提取方法是可行的。     

双次曝光积分效应实现杂质浓度分布均匀化

激光诱导扩散中,当入射激光光强为高斯分布甚至均匀分布时，微小扩散区的温度分布不均匀。由于扩散系数是温度的函数，必将导致扩散后杂质浓度分布的均匀性较差，无法制作出高性能的p-n结。提出采用多次激光诱导扩散的积分效应来实现杂质浓度分布的均匀化整形。对于InP衬底的CO2激光诱导Zn扩散,利用温度闭环测控系统测得的基片表面热斑温度场分布，分析计算了两次激光诱导扩散重叠区域的浓度分布积分效应。在此基础上模拟计算出，用双次曝光积分效应做杂质浓度分布的均匀化整形时，基片上两次激光照射位置的最佳间隔为20 μm。这为改进激光诱导扩散工艺，用多次曝光实现面均匀的杂质浓度分布奠定了理论基础。     

合肥电子储存环自旋响应函数的计算

对电子储存环共振退极化标定能量的原理和步骤进行了描述,重点讨论了在合肥光源(HLS)共振退极化标定电子能量的方法中自旋响应函数的计算,给出自旋响应函数在HLS储存环一个单位周期上的分布。在将来的HLS的退极化实验中,退极化场位置处的自旋反馈函数为1.569 m,根据退极化场的计算结果,需要的退极化时间为60 s。     

薄镜面面形主动校正技术研究

采用12个主动支撑点对口径400 mm薄实验镜进行面形主动校正,使用Zygo干涉仪测量面形误差,主动支撑点的力促动器由位移促动器和力传感器组成。分别测量单个促动器的响应函数,由各促动器的响应函数组成刚度矩阵,然后用阻尼最小二乘法计算各支撑点的校正力。实验中分析主动支撑结构对各项Zernike形式像差的校正能力,并选择了7项像差进行校正。经过5次校正,使初始状态下1.16λ(λ=0.632 8μm)RMS面形精度达到0.13 RMS,接近镜面抛光后的精度。     

The response of a vibrating structure as a function of structural parameters—application and experiment

The theory used for examining the response of a structure subject to an external oscillatory force when certain structural parameters are changed is applied to the mathematical model of a pilot's seat structure. The results are discussed with a view to assessing those parts of the structure that are most effective in minimizing the response. Also, a laboratory experiment is described in which the basic circular response locus is verified, and doubts about the assumptions made in mathematical modelling resolved.