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以北京师范大学化学专业的无机化学课程改革为例,从教学内容、教学方法、课程考核等方面探讨无机化学课程优化和改革。明确教学目标,提升教学质量,达成化学(师范)专业的毕业要求,全面提升学生的思想政治素养、专业知识技能和教育情怀。 相似文献
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针对近代化学基础(无机化学部分)课程传统考核方式中存在的问题,探讨建立"形成性评价(50%)+终结性评价(50%)"的考核方式并实践,其中形成性评价包括5项微考核:课后作业(10%)、微面试(10%)、微论文(10%)、随堂微练习(10%)、微演说(10%)。实践证明,形成性与终结性评价结合的课程考核体系促进了学生、教师与化学课程的协同发展。 相似文献
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课程考核是课程教学中提高教学质量和评价人才培养质量的重要环节及有效手段。然而,地方高校汉江师范学院选修课程仍然存在考核方式单一、学生积极性差、创新性不足的问题。本文对选修课程考核模式进行了改革与探索,以表面活性剂化学课程为例,从教师评价、学生互评、学生贡献等三个角度出发,以科学成才观念为核心,设计并实践了教师评价(代号“T”)、组组互评(代号“G”)、个人贡献比(代号“I”)的“TGI”考核模式,打破传统的考核方式,提高学生积极性与主动性,激发学生的创新性,活化学生创新思维,培养学生的综合能力。“TGI”考核模式对提高课程教学质量具有重要的意义,对其他选修课程考核评价具有一定的借鉴作用。 相似文献
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主要探讨了基于建构主义理念的高职药剂专业无机化学精品课程建设,建构主义强调学生是学习的主体,主张教学要以学生为中心。在这个思想指导下,针对我院高职药剂专业无机化学课程存在的各种弊端,开展无机化学精品课程的建设。以此带动全校课程建设水平的整体提升,使学生的学习方法和思维方式发生转变,充分体现人才培养特色。 相似文献
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研究采用单组前后测设计的准实验研究方法,以化学专业师范生为研究对象,通过基于真实情境的"化学教学测量与评价"课程教学,提升职前教师的学业评价素养。结果发现:课程教学后,职前教师的评价素养有显著提升,但各维度的提升效果不同,"基本概念"和"数据解释"2个维度的效果明显,且最终的素养水平也高;"测验设计"维度提升效果虽不显著,但学生的最终水平表现较好;而"质量特性"评价伦理"和"测验评分"等维度,提升效果虽然明显,但最终的素养水平却不够理想。 相似文献
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D. Mackay J.A. Arnot E.P. Petkova K.B. Wallace D.J. Call L.T. Brooke 《SAR and QSAR in environmental research》2013,24(3-4):393-414
The physico-chemical properties relevant to the equilibrium partitioning (bioconcentration) of chemicals between organisms and their respired media of water and air are reviewed and illustrated for chemicals that range in hydrophobicity. Relationships are then explored between freely dissolved external concentrations such as LC50s and chemical properties for one important toxicity mechanism, namely baseline toxicity or narcosis. The ‘activity hypothesis’ proposed by Ferguson in 1939 provides a coherent and compelling explanation for baseline toxicity of chemicals in both water- and air-respiring organisms, as well as a reference point for identifying more specific toxicity pathways. From inhalation studies with fish and rodents, narcosis is shown to occur at a chemical activity exceeding approximately 0.01 and there is no evidence of narcosis at activities less than 0.001. The activity hypothesis provides a framework for directly comparing the toxic potency of chemicals in both air- and water-breathing animals. The activity hypothesis is shown to be consistent with the critical body residue concept, but it has the advantage of avoiding the confounding effect of lipid content of the test organism. It also provides a theoretically sound basis for assessing the baseline toxicity of mixtures. It is suggested that since activity is readily calculated from fugacity, observed or predicted environmental abiotic and biotic fugacities can be used to evaluate the potential for baseline toxicity. Further, models employing fugacity or activity can be used to improve the experimental design of bioassays, thus possibly reducing unnecessary animal testing. 相似文献
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C. Skark N. Zullei-seibert 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(1-4):387-396
Abstract A comparative review of pesticide survey endosing 16 waterworks in the FRG tries to increase the understanding about interferences of pesticide utilization and pesticide occurrence in ground- and drinkingwater, which includes characterization of sampling points, subsurface situation, land use and pesticide application. Between 1986 and 1991, 5772 samples were measured and led to 219094 data about the occurrence of various pesticides. 5% of these analyses showed pesticide or metabolite concentrations above the particular detection limits. This result does not vary in large extent considering groups of different characterized sampling points like groundwater dominated or surface water sampling points. As the herbicide atrazine and its metabolite desethylatrazine as well as the herbicide simazine were detected most often in all samples independent whether considering groundwater und surface water samples, this fact confirms the FRG-application ban for atrazine as well as the application restriction for simazine. 相似文献
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选择实验室常规检测项目奶粉中蛋白质,对检测结果进行相关统计分析,判定各个参试实验室的检测能力。参加的实验室共43个,收到的结果报告为37份,都完成了两个浓度样品的检测,其中结果的满意率为89.2%,有问题率为8.11%,不满意率为2.70%。实验室间比对结果总体是比较满意的,能及时发现检测分析中存在的问题并进行有效整改。该次参试实验室的检测能力基本处于受控和可比状态。 相似文献
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《印度化学会志》2023,100(4):100941
This study aims to develop a quantitative fingerprinting between two evolutionary close plant species Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott and Cycas revoluta Thunb. The crude plant extracts were prepared in 1:1:1, v/v/v: Ethyl Acetate: n-Hexane: Methanol (AR) solvent system through cold extraction for 24 Hrs. The plant extracts were diluted (10 mg/mL) with a similar solvent system spotted (10 μL) on silica gel 60 F254 thin-layer chromatography plates. Five mobile phases (i) tetrahydrofuran (THF): toluene: formic acid: water (16:8:2:1) (ii) toluene: ethyl acetate: diethylamine (7:2:1) (iii) toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:3:0.1) (iv) n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7.2:2.9) (v) toluene: methanol (9:1) were used. The results were scanned at 254 nm, 366 nm, and in visible white light. This study gave minimum compact spots between Rf 0.06 to 0.051 corresponding to terpenoids, simultaneously for flavonoids spots were found between Rf 0.004 to 0.910. Total eight phenolic bands were found in Cycas revoluta among which five was found in leaf extract with Max RF of 0.033, 0.093, 0.273, 0.901 and 0.964 whereas three bands were found in stem extract with Max Rf of 0.007, 0.897 and 0.954. The presence of fifteen different types of flavonoids was determined by the flavonoids profile at Rf 0.004, 0.027, 0.047, 0.073, 0.134, 0.230, 0.303, 0.369, 0.369, 0.427, 0.514, 0.631, 0.703, 0.757, 0.846 and 0.910 for Nephrolepis exaltata. HPTLC fingerprint has shown several peaks with different Rf for different mobile phases. The fingerprinting would be helpful in the identification, and authentication of these species ecologically and therapeutically. 相似文献
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阐述了生态建筑材料和环境负荷评价,提出了在建筑中要遵循生态化设计理念,并着重介绍了几种重要的生态建筑材料,展望了建筑材料的生态化发展趋势。 相似文献
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微量元素临界营养状况的评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从多个角度但侧重于研究进展,综述了目前已用于或可能用于锌、铁、硒营养评价的主要方法与指标的特点和利弊,尤其是在临界营养状况评价中的作用,试图对筛选和寻找最为敏感、特异、准确而且可靠的微量元素营养状况指标有所帮助。 相似文献
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为研究四川省重点河段水环境的安全性,利用综合评价指数法和模糊综合评价决策的数学模型对主要水系干流和支流河段的水质安全性做出了评价.结果显示,岷江流域的水质安全性较差,主要的污染物为重金属汞和铁,沱江和涪江流域的水质安全性较好. 相似文献