多维度信息化无机化学实验的资源构建与教学实践探索

面对大一化类专业学生化学基础、理论与实验联系能力和实验操作水平等存在较大差异的现状,天津大学无机化学教学团队从课堂演示实验、实验课在线开放、实验安全管理与教育及虚拟仿真实验的制作与应用等多个维度构建无机化学信息化实验资源,并应用于无机化学教学实践中,解决学生在学习过程中的困难,提高教学效果和效率。     

基于大学生化学实验大赛的无机化学实验教学设计

介绍了福建省第二届大学生化学实验大赛无机化学实验考试的基本情况,分析了存在的问题。并以大赛试题为案例,针对存在的问题,结合翻转课堂模式,详细设计新的教学方案,实现真正意义的教学互动,切实提高实验教学水平。     

基于微信公众号构建无机化学实验微课平台的研究与探索

微课是在信息化时代和新教学理念下提出的新型教学模式,针对无机化学实验教学的现状,利用微信公众号构建微课平台,辅助教师进行课堂教学,解决了无机化学实验教学中安全培训、学生预习、学时少及实验内容多、实验药品购买使用受限、不能做有毒实验等问题。通过微课教学还实现了实验内容多样化、演示操作可视化,从而提升学生学习的主观能动性,增强动手能力,规范实验操作流程,便于学生对实验重点难点的掌握,同时增强师生交流,满足各层次学生要求,提高课堂效率。     

无机化学实验课程启发式教学探析

无机化学实验是高校一门重要的基础实验课程。本文介绍在无机化学实验课程中运用启发式教学法,并将其贯穿于整个教学过程。采用多种途径鼓励学生进行实践创新,引导学生深入思考,在实验中发现、探究和解决问题,提高学生的综合素质。     

“蓝墨云班课”在大学无机化学教学中的应用——以“氟元素”教学设计为例

针对无机化学教学中“氟元素”进行了教学设计。将基于“蓝墨云班课”平台的混合教学模式引入到无机化学课程的教学中,将手机这一移动终端与教学合理地结合起来,让手机变成强有力的学习工具。教学过程中,根据教学内容,在课堂上设计了一些讨论题,借助“蓝墨云班课”的“头脑风暴”“答疑讨论”或“小组任务”等功能,让每一位学生都参与到充满乐趣、合作交流式的学习过程,激发他们的学习积极性和创造性。利用“蓝墨云班课”中的“投票/问卷”功能了解学生对课程认知和兴趣的变化,并以此为依据来改进教学教法。教学情况调查显示,绝大部分学生认可“蓝墨云班课”辅助课堂教学的形式。     

浅谈无机化学原理与教学实例、趣味实验、元素无机化学知识点的结合

针对大一学生初学无机化学时面临的理论联系实际能力不足、学习兴趣和实验操作水平较差、学习元素无机化学重死记硬背、轻理解运用等问题,我们提出在无机化学教学过程中,将无机化学原理内容分别与一些生动、具体的教学实例、趣味化学实验、元素无机化学等紧密结合,可以有效解决学生在学习无机化学时遇到的上述困难。     

无机化学实验教学中的几点尝试

针对无机化学实验教学中存在的学生实验操作不规范、理论联系实际能力不足、学习兴趣不大等问题,提出了在实验教学过程中,以强化规范实验操作、培养良好实验习惯为教学目标,同时通过实验设计、趣味化学实验、举办优秀作品展示等活动,提高学生理论联系实际的能力及对无机化学实验课程的学习兴趣。     

无机化学与物理化学课程的协调教学

根据无机化学和物理化学的内容设置及特点, 结合教学实践, 探讨了2者在教学过程中的有机配合和协调统一。无机化学教学应以知识的衔接和实际应用为主, 而物理化学教学则要侧重知识点的挖掘和提升。2者的协调有助于提高课堂利用率, 促进学生学习能力和科学思维的培养。     

高师无机化学实验双语教学实践与思考

介绍了师范院校无机化学实验课中开展双语教学的实践过程,在口语汇报、实验讲解、实验操作、实验报告和实验考试各个教学环节中,传统实验教学和双语教学进行了有效结合,着重提高学生的综合能力。根据调查、访谈和教师的教学反思,还对高师化学专业开展双语教学进行了深入思考。     

大学无机化学实验课程内容的优化

对大学无机化学实验的编排顺序进行调整,使无机化学实验和无机化学理论课程衔接更加紧密。另外,从3个方面对实验课程的内容进行优化：删减无机化学实验课本中的陈旧内容,增添前沿领域实验;补充设计研究型实验,培养学生的创新精神;引入现代化手段,实现实验课程教学信息化。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.