OBE理念下化学教育硕士教育实习评价体系的构建

为解决化学教育硕士教育实习评价存在的问题,基于OBE(成果导向)理念,聚焦化学教育硕士毕业时“学到了什么”“能做什么”以及毕业后5年应具备的职业能力,从“实习表现、教学工作、班主任工作、教学研究工作”等4个维度出发,开发出包含14个二级指标、65个三级指标的实习评价量表,并建立起与“实习准备阶段、实习实施阶段、实习总结阶段”相对应的“监控—调节—改进”环节以保障实习质量,最终形成了“四维三阶”的闭环式教育实习评价体系,规范了化学教育硕士教育实习评价方式,提高了教育实习质量。     

高师化学教育实习资源库开发与思考

结合师范生教育实习面临的问题,介绍了开发高师化学专业教育实习资源库的方法和经验,探讨了资源库在师范生教学技能训练、教育实习中的必要性和重要作用。     

加强化学多媒体CAI研究与实践探索信息时代化学教育实习的新模式

化学多媒体CAI技能是新世纪化学教师职业技能的重要组成部分;教育实习是高师生化学多媒体CAI技能培训的重要途径。围绕教育实习训练和提高高师生化学多媒体CAI技能,是一个很有现实意义的课题。     

化学教育实践基地协同运行模式的实践

传统的大学生教育实践活动只是定义在一个短时段的集中实习培训上,活动与实践面狭窄,不能适应新课程理念下新型中学教师的培养。在改革与实践的基础上,提出了化学专业教育见习常态化、岗前培训规范化、基地活动系统化、教育资源共享化、实践总结长效化的教育实践基地协同运行模式,通过协同运行实践操作,使基地双方教师的教学科研水平和指导能力不断提高,使实习学生的从教能力得到全面发展和提升。     

化学文化观照下的核心素养培养——以“沉淀溶解平衡”为例

对化学文化、观照等关键概念做出解读，进而阐释了对化学文化观照下核心素养培养的理解。提出用任务线、逻辑线和情感线（教育线）“3线”并行的方法来立体架构课堂化学文化的主张，“3线”有明有暗，相互配合、支撑。以“沉淀溶解平衡”一课为载体，充分尝试和运用该主张，并且适度融合STEAM教育理念，分析其在培养学生化学核心素养上的具体作用。最后进行了教学反思。     

化学师范生课堂教学技能满意度调查

教育实习是师范专业本科生必经之路,而课堂教学技能是师范生教育实习的重要支撑条件。调查结果表明,化学师范生(大三师范生)的课堂教学技能缺陷主要有:(1)教学活动方式和媒体使用单一;(2)导入语言缺少艺术性和感染力;(3)课堂结束不能做到自然贴切,水到渠成;(4)板书缺少艺术性,清晰度和美感有待提高;(5)教学演示缺少艺术性、趣味性。针对不足之处提出相应建议,在实习准备阶段加强训练,以促进师范生课堂教学技能的有效提高。     

化学教研成果转化的理论与实践

化学教研成果转化到教学中对提高化学教学质量具有至关重要的作用。构建“教学、教研、成果转化与评价”的循环体系,可保证化学教研成果的有效转化。教学研究成果转化的实践途径有多种,就高师院校化学课程与教学论教师而言,主要有：(1)在理论课教学中转化,优化教学理念;(2)在实验课教学中转化,更新实验内容;(3)在指导第二课堂活动中转化,培养动手能力;(4)在指导教育实习中转化,丰富实习资源;(5)在指导毕业论文中转化,提高创新能力;(6)在考核学习成绩中转化,完善评价手段;(7)在为基础教育服务中转化,引领中学化学教学;(8)在对外交流中转化,展现学校风采。     

高师化学教育实践课程的设置及实施

东北师范大学2015年对教师教育课程进行了修订,构建了从校内模拟到校外基础实习和应用实习的化学教育实践课程体系,逐渐提升师范生的教学实践能力,为将来成长为一名优秀的化学教师奠定了基础。但在理论与实践的融合、指导教师队伍建设和安全保障措施等方面需要进一步思考。     

师范生顶岗实习对中学化学教学影响的调查

师范生顶岗实习是高等师范院校教育教学改革的重要举措,对促进师范生成长起着重要作用。通过对中学领导、教师、学生与师范生在教育顶岗实习过程中出现的各种情况进行调查,分析当前教育顶岗实习的实施对师生化学教学产生的影响,针对存在的问题,提出相应的建议。     

教育实习经历对化学职前教师PCKg发展的影响——以高中化学实习教师的个案研究为例

基于学科教学识知PCKg理论,以一位化学职前教师(即高等师范院校的化学教育硕士)为个案,在长达5个月的研究期中,藉由教学观察、教案文件、导师访谈以及量表问卷等方式收集资料,探讨个案职前教师在实习历程中PCKg的建构与发展情形,及高中教学现场和师资培育高校的协助对实习教师的教学专业成长的影响,并建构“师培高校与中学现场协同培育以促进职前教师专业成长”的实习模式。研究结果可为未来规划师资培育工作及职前教师实习制度提供案例参考和研究建议。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.