水杨酸甲酯制备实验的改进

"水杨酸甲酯的制备"是一个经典的有机化学实验，作为考核实验考查学生操作技能，并根据产品的质量和纯度给予学生成绩。教材中提供的实验方案不合理，导致学生制备产品的收率很低。对传统实验方法的不足之处进行分析，提出了先用碳酸钠中和硫酸（去除催化剂），再蒸馏分离甲醇的实验路线。改进的实验方案设计更合理，避免了水杨酸甲酯分解，提高了产品的收率，达到了良好的教学效果。     

无机化学教学中过程化考核的实践

通过精心设计和实施课中提问、课后作业、单元练习和分组讨论(包括通过微信)等一系列过程化考核措施,即时掌握学生对知识的认识状态,及时调整教学进度,改进教学方法;学生在参与大量的过程化考核过程中也逐渐学会了大学化学的学习方法,并能掌握知识的精髓。     

应用型本科院校物理化学考核模式的构建与实践

针对应用型本科院校现有的物理化学课程考核模式存在的问题,采取过程化考核和终结性考核相结合的方式,构建了新的物理化学考核模式,并在教学中进行了实践。实践表明:通过考核模式改革,化学专业学生物理化学成绩相对其他不同专业或相同专业不同年级的学生而言,物理化学课程成绩产生了显著性差异,且明显提高;激发了学生的学习兴趣,调动了学生学习的积极性、主动性,提升了学生专业素养。     

“精细化学品化学”专业课教学改革探索与实践

对"精细化学品化学"专业课的教学内容、教学方法和考核模式进行探索。合理选择课程内容,激发学生的兴趣;改革教学方法,利用多种教学手段,引导学生主动学习;改变考核模式,重视学习过程;调整实验教学内容,利用开放性实验强化学生的思维创新与动手能力,提高学生的综合素质。     

化学社会课程资源开发及教学范例——水的净化与水资源保护

课程资源逐步走向开放化、共享化和社会化，社会已成为实施教育教学活动的重要场所。以"水的净化与水资源保护"主题内容为教学范例，提出了化学社会课程资源开发的思路和教学实施流程：在"前置学习"中通过社会课程资源的亲身实践，把化学的课堂延伸到社会领域；在"展示分享"中将获取的有效资源与课堂学习关联，实现知识与生活的有效链接；在"整理评价"中完成知识建构和巩固过程，让学生感受真实、有用的化学。     

医用有机化学波谱分析绪论部分的教学研究

概述了问题导向式的研究型教学设计在医科院校"医用有机化学"课程中有机波谱分析章节的应用情况。该部分内容具有学生"难学" "难考" ，教师"难教"的教学特点。基于此，通过层层设问、循序解答的授课方式，结合丰富的应用示例，进行有机波谱分析核心概念（绪论）的理论教学。结果表明，该教学方法可有效提高学生学习兴趣，降低学习难度，使学生在有限的学时内掌握有机波谱分析的基础理论与核心概念，为后续识谱、解谱能力的培养夯实基础。     

多维度无机化学与化学分析课程考核探索

随着教育技术的发展,传统课堂正在逐步被混合式学习方式所取代。多维度考核作为学生学习的指挥棒,保障混合式教学各环节得以实施。本文探索“线上单元测试+课前测+线下作业自评互评+线下课堂报告(或分组讨论)+线下期末考试(开卷闭卷相结合)”等多维度考核,注重学习过程考核,使考核评价更趋于合理。多维度考核本身也成为混合式教学实施的重要环节。     

无机化学实验考核体系的探索与构建

概述了中国科学技术大学无机化学实验课程组在课程考核方面所进行的探索与实践,该考核体系从平时实验考核、期中实验考核、期末实验考核3方面进行了科学、合理、层次化的评定。其特点是：过程考核与结果考核相结合、书面报告与操作考核相结合、基本操作与设计研究型实验考核相结合。该考核体系既有利于较为全面地衡量学生的实验水平,又可有效提升实验教学水平。     

基础化学与特色专业化学的承接与协调——以煤化学中“胶质体”为例

针对特色专业化学教学过程中与基础化学知识的承接和协调问题，将繁杂的基础知识和专业理论设定成不同的学习目标，对课程内容重新梳理和组织。以PBL教学理念进行教学设计，强化学习过程中的自我管理和解决问题的能力；以CBL模式进行案例分析，将抽象枯燥的理论知识变成直观、生动、形象的案例，促使学生不断思考该问题或现象出现的原因和机制，克服了普通教学法理论与实践相互联系不足的缺点。对知识点的讲解采取"因-果"相承、"点-面"结合、"抽象-具体"对照的授课方法，获得了良好的教学效果。     

“聚丙烯酸酯的合成及降凝性能评价”综合实验能力考核平台

设计了以柴油中饱和烃含量及碳数分布测定、聚丙烯酸高级醇酯（PTA）的合成与纯化、PTA的红外表征与分子量测定、PTA降凝性能评价等4个模块组成的综合实验，作为化工专业实验的考核及成绩评定平台。这种考核方式将过程考核与结果考核融合，将笔试、操作、设计融合，可以全面准确地考核学生的有机合成、仪器分析等基础实验技能，同时考核综述、数据处理、实验设计等综合实验能力和实验室工作素质。此外，还能够有效训练学生的学习能力、解决问题能力、实践能力和创新能力，并促进了实验教学水平提高。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.