共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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基于科学本质教育的化学教科书设计——以元素周期律的发现和学习为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
理解科学本质是科学教育始终追求的一个重要目标。教科书作为学校教育最主要的教材,应重视以科学史为线索,实现科学本质教育的任务。元素周期律作为化学科学重要的基本理论,它的发现过程充满了科学家的探索和智慧,蕴含着丰富的科学本质教育的素材。化学教科书的设计应充分重视这一素材,从内容和方法两个维度对学生进行科学本质教育。 相似文献
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以中国大陆人教版(2019年版)和中国台湾三民版(2020年版)高中化学教材中 “物质结构”主题相关章节的插图为研究对象,采用内容分析法,从插图的呈现形式和功能类型2个维度进行频数统计与分析,得出“呈现形式方面,三民版教材插图略胜一筹,人教版教材插图存在一定的改进空间;功能类型方面,三民版教材插图需要加强部分组织型插图的知识结构化水平,人教版需要增强解释型插图的解释效果”等结论。最后,为高中化学教材编写与课堂教学提出实质性建议。 相似文献
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科学精神是科学发展过程中形成的规范、文化和价值取向,具有探索、质疑、求是、执着、创新等特点。以化学史为主线,从“门捷列夫与元素周期律的故事”这一角度进行教学设计,探索中学化学创新教学,努力落实科学精神等核心素养。 相似文献
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以1978年改革开放以来人民教育出版社出版的5套高中化学教科书作为研究对象,梳理其物质结构内容的演变,发现近40年来高中化学教科书中物质结构内容选择呈钟摆现象,同时其内容组织的结构化理念日益清晰。此外,为新时期我国高中化学教科书的编写提供了一些建议。 相似文献
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开发基于内容分析与教学设计的教材“二次开发”模型,从学科价值、现实意义、要素与结构、情境化组织四个角度详细说明教学内容分析的具体思路,从确定教学步骤、选择教学方法和设计教学细节三个方面阐述教学设计的实施过程,并以“元素周期律与元素周期表”为例展开说明。 相似文献
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在梳理已有研究并明确学生关于元素周期律·表学习问题的基础上,挖掘学生问题产生的根源,将元素周期律·表的教学定位于促进学生对于元素及物质的认识发展,并进一步提出了中学生对于元素及物质的认识发展层级,通过在高中化学必修2进行元素周期律·表复习课的教学设计与实践,提出了中学生关于元素及物质的认识模型,从单元整体设计、教学策略选择、教学主要环节的梳理与改进、教学效果的检验4个方面,进一步论证了中学阶段关于元素及物质的认识模型对帮助学生进行系统思维,促进学生认识发展所起的作用。 相似文献
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2004 年高中课改以来,青岛市高中先后使用了2 个版本的教材——苏教版和鲁科版,在组织各学校教师开展的全市大集备活动中,我们又认真研究参考了人教版教材。 相似文献
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科学精神是中国学生发展核心素养的重要内容之一,不同教材对科学精神的体现不同。从理性思维、批判质疑、勇于探究等3个方面对中美2种初中化学教材中\"原子\"内容进行对比分析,为教师对教学内容的二次加工提供建议。 相似文献
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Dr. Guillermo Restrepo 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(68):15430-15440
We celebrate 150 years of periodic systems that reached their maturity in the 1860s. They began as pedagogical efforts to project corpuses of substances on the similarity and order relationships of the chemical elements. However, these elements are not the canned substances wrongly displayed in many periodic tables, but rather the abstract preserved entities in compound transformations. We celebrate the systems, rather than their tables or ultimate table. The periodic law, we argue, is not an all-encompassing achievement, as it does not apply to every property of all elements and compounds. Periodic systems have been generalised as ordered hypergraphs, which solves the long-lasting question on the mathematical structure of the systems. In this essay, it is shown that these hypergraphs may solve current issues such as order reversals in super-heavy elements and lack of system predictive power. We discuss research in extending the limits of the systems in the super-heavy-atom region and draw attention to other limits: the antimatter region and the limit arising from compounds under extreme conditions. As systems depend on the known chemical substances (chemical space) and such a space grows exponentially, we wonder whether systems still aim at projecting knowledge of compounds on the relationships among the elements. We claim that systems are not based on compounds anymore, rather on 20th century projections of the 1860s systems of elements on systems of atoms. These projections bring about oversimplifications based on entities far from being related to compounds. A linked oversimplification is the myth of vertical group similarity, which raises questions on the approaches to locate new elements in the system. Finally, we propose bringing back chemistry to the systems by exploring similarity and order relationships of elements using the current information of the chemical space. We ponder whether 19th century periodic systems are still there or whether they have faded away, leaving us with an empty 150th celebration. 相似文献
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Guillermo Restrepo Eugenio J. Llanos Héber Mesa 《Journal of mathematical chemistry》2006,39(2):401-416
We carried out a mathematical study of 72 chemical elements taking advantage of the chemotopological method. We selected 128
properties to define the elements (physico-chemical, geochemical and chemical properties). Then, we looked for correlated
properties and we reduced the number of them to 90. In this way we defined each element as a 90-tuple. Afterwards, we applied
principal component analysis and cluster analysis (4 similarity functions and 5 grouping methodologies). Then, we calculated
a consensus tree for the 20 dendrograms generated by the CA. Afterwards, we extracted the similarity relationships from the
consensus tree and built up a basis for a topology on the set of chemical elements. Finally, we calculated some topological
properties (closures, derived sets, boundaries, interiors and exteriors) of several subsets of chemical elements. We found
that alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and noble gases appear not related to the rest of the elements. Also, we found that
the boundary of non-metals are the semimetals with a stair-shape on the periodic table 相似文献