Almost periodic Schrödinger operators along interval exchange transformations

It is shown that Schrödinger operators, with potentials along the shift embedding of irreducible interval exchange transformations in a dense set, have pure singular continuous spectrum for Lebesgue almost all points of the interval. Such potentials are natural generalizations of the Sturmian case.     

An Exceptional Set in the Ergodic Theory of Markov Maps of the Interval

It is known that a Markov map T of the unit interval preservesa measure µ, say, equivalent to Lebesgue measure, andthat almost every point of the interval has a forward orbitunder T that is uniformly distributed with respect to µ.In the opposite direction the main result of this paper statesthat there is a set of points having Hausdorff dimension 1 whoseforward orbits are in a certain sense very far from being sodistributed. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: 58F08,28A80.     

A chaotic function with a distributively scrambled set of full Lebesgue measure

Misiurewicz proved that there exists a continuous map of the interval [0, 1] onto itself for which there exists a scrambled set of full Lebesgue measure. In this paper, we form a continuous interval map which has a distributively scrambled set of full Lebesgue measure in which each point has dense orbit. This contains Misiurewicz’s result, since any distributively scrambled set must be scrambled but the converse is not generally true.     

Backward volume contraction for endomorphisms with eventual volume expansion

We consider smooth maps on compact Riemannian manifolds. We prove that under some mild condition of eventual volume expansion Lebesgue almost everywhere we have uniform backward volume contraction on every pre-orbit of Lebesgue almost every point. To cite this article: J.F. Alves et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 342 (2006).     

Lebesgue decomposition of contents via nonnegative forms

We present a new approach for the Lebesgue decomposition of finitely additive measures (or contents, for short). Using the recently proved results of Hassi, Sebestyén and de Snoo, we show that the Lebesgue decomposition of contents exists, and corresponds to the Lebesgue decomposition of their induced forms. Additionally, we also present some new results related to the almost dominated part of a form (resp., a content).     

Consistent first-return Riemann sums for Lebesgue integrals

U. B. Darji and M. J. Evans [1] showed previously that it is possible to obtain the integral of a Lebesgue integrable function on the interval [0,1] via a Riemann type process, where one chooses the selected point in each partition interval using a first-return algorithm based on a sequence {x _n} which is dense in [0,1]. Here we show that if the same is true for every rearrangement of {x _n}, then the function must be equal almost everywhere to a Riemann integrable function. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Strong solution of Itô type set-valued stochastic differential equation

In this paper, we shall firstly illustrate why we should introduce an It5 type set-valued stochastic differential equation and why we should notice the almost everywhere problem. Secondly we shall give a clear definition of Aumann type Lebesgue integral and prove the measurability of the Lebesgue integral of set-valued stochastic processes with respect to time t. Then we shall present some new properties, especially prove an important inequality of set-valued Lebesgue integrals. Finally we shall prove the existence and the uniqueness of a strong solution to the It5 type set-valued stochastic differential equation.     

On Almost Convergent and Statistically Convergent Subsequences

There are two well-known non-matrix summability methods which we will consider, namely “almost convergence” and “statistical convergence”. The results presented in this paper will be of two types, dealing with Lebesgue measure and Baire category. Establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the interval (0; 1] and the collection of all subsequences of a given sequence s = (s _n), we will examine the measure and category of the set of all almost convergent subsequences of (s _n). Similar questions for statistical and lacunary statistical convergence are considered. Results on rearrangements of sequences are also presented. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

On the Existence of a Classical Optimal Solution and of an Almost Strongly Optimal Solution for an Infinite-Horizon Control Problem

We consider an infinite-horizon optimal control problem with the cost functional described either by an integral over an unbounded interval (a Lebesgue integral) or by a limit of integrals (an improper Lebesgue integral). We prove some theorems on the existence of solutions to such problems. The proofs are based on appropriate lower closure theorems and some extensions of Olech’s theorem on the lower semicontinuity of an integral functional; these extensions cover the cases of functionals described by an integral over an unbounded interval and by a limit of integrals.     

Time-Variable Extension of the Solution of a Nonlocal Multipoint Problem for Partial Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients

A problem with nonlocal multipoint conditions for the nth-order partial differential equation with constant coefficients is considered. In the case where conditions of strict averaging of time intervals are specified, the existence of a solution of the problem in a cylinder that is the Cartesian product of a time interval and a p-dimensional spatial torus is discussed. It is found that under certain conditions of separability of the roots of the characteristic equation for almost all (in the sense of the Lebesgue measure) coefficients of the equation and parameters of the conditions, the solution of the problem cannot be extended in the time variable beyond the extreme points at which the conditions are given.     

On Krein's example

In his 1953 paper [Matem. Sbornik 33 (1953), 597-626] Mark Krein presented an example of a symmetric rank one perturbation of a self-adjoint operator such that for all values of the spectral parameter in the interior of the spectrum, the difference of the corresponding spectral projections is not trace class. In the present note it is shown that in the case in question this difference has simple Lebesgue spectrum filling in the interval and, therefore, the pair of the spectral projections is generic in the sense of Halmos but not Fredholm.

     

Weak continuity of Riemann integrable functions in Lebesgue-Bochner spaces

In general, Banach space-valued Riemann integrable functions defined on [0, 1] （equipped with the Lebesgue measure） need not be weakly continuous almost everywhere. A Banach space is said to have the weak Lebesgue property if every Riemann integrable function taking values in it is weakly continuous almost everywhere. In this paper we discuss this property for the Banach space LX^1 of all Bochner integrable functions from [0, 1] to the Banach space X. We show that LX^1 has the weak Lebesgue property whenever X has the Radon-Nikodym property and X＊ is separable. This generalizes the result by Chonghu Wang and Kang Wan [Rocky Mountain J. Math., 31（2）, 697-703 （2001）] that L^1[0, 1] has the weak Lebesgue property.     

Lebesgue type decompositions for nonnegative forms

A nonnegative form on a complex linear space is decomposed with respect to another nonnegative form : it has a Lebesgue decomposition into an almost dominated form and a singular form. The part which is almost dominated is the largest form majorized by which is almost dominated by . The construction of the Lebesgue decomposition only involves notions from the complex linear space. An important ingredient in the construction is the new concept of the parallel sum of forms. By means of Hilbert space techniques the almost dominated and the singular parts are identified with the regular and a singular parts of the form. This decomposition addresses a problem posed by B. Simon. The Lebesgue decomposition of a pair of finite measures corresponds to the present decomposition of the forms which are induced by the measures. T. Ando's decomposition of a nonnegative bounded linear operator in a Hilbert space with respect to another nonnegative bounded linear operator is a consequence. It is shown that the decomposition of positive definite kernels involving families of forms also belongs to the present context. The Lebesgue decomposition is an example of a Lebesgue type decomposition, i.e., any decomposition into an almost dominated and a singular part. There is a necessary and sufficient condition for a Lebesgue type decomposition to be unique. This condition is inspired by the work of Ando concerning uniqueness questions.     

Solution of the basin problem for Hénon-like attractors

For a large class of non-uniformly hyperbolic attractors of dissipative diffeomorphisms, we prove that there are no “holes” in the basin of attraction: stable manifolds of points in the attractor fill-in a full Lebesgue measure subset. Then, Lebesgue almost every point in the basin is generic for the SRB (Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen) measure of the attractor. This solves a problem posed by Sinai and by Ruelle, for this class of systems. Oblatum 30-IX-1999 & 8-VI-2000?Published online: 18 September 2000     

Set-valued functions,Lebesgue extensions and saturated probability spaces

Recent advances in the theory of distributions of set-valued functions have been shaped by counterexamples which hinge on the non-existence of measurable selections with requisite properties. These examples, all based on the Lebesgue interval, and initially circumvented by Sun in the context of Loeb spaces, have now led Keisler and Sun (KS) to establish a comprehensive theory of the distributions of set-valued functions on saturated probability spaces (introduced by Hoover and Keisler). In contrast, we show that a countably-generated extension of the Lebesgue interval suffices for an explicit resolution of these examples; and furthermore, that it does not contradict the KS necessity results. We draw the fuller implications of our theorems for integration of set-valued functions, for Lyapunov's result on the range of vector measures and for the theory of large non-anonymous games.     

Examples of expandingC 1 maps having no σ-finite invariant measure equivalent to Lebesgue

In this paper we construct aC ¹ expanding circle map with the property that it has no σ-finite invariant measure equivalent to Lebesgue measure. We extend the construction to interval maps and maps on higher dimensional tori and the Riemann sphere. We also discuss recurrence of Lebesgue measure for the family of tent maps. Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The research was carried out while HB was employed at the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. Partially supported by NSF grant DMS # 9203489.     

On Variational Measures Related to Some Bases

We extend, to a certain class of differentiation bases, some results on the variational measure and the δ-variation obtained earlier for the full interval basis. In particular the theorem stating that the variational measure generated by an interval function is σ-finite whenever it is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure is extended to any Busemann–Feller basis.     

Almost every sequence integrates

The purpose of this paper is to discuss a first-return integration process which yields the Lebesgue integral of a bounded measurable function f: I → R defined on a compact interval I. The process itself, which has a Riemann flavor, uses the given function f and a sequence of partitions whose norms tend to 0. The “first-return” of a given sequence is used to tag the intervals from the partitions. The main result of the paper is that under rather general circumstances this first return integration process yields the Lebesgue integral of the given function f for almost every sequence . This research was initiated while the authors were in residence at the Mathematical Institute of St. Andrews University.     

Measuring the Rarely Visited Sites of Brownian Motion

We study the almost sure asymptotic behaviors of the Lebesgue measure of the points which are hardly visited, in the sense of Földes and Révész,⁽⁷⁾ by a linear Wiener process.     

On the unconditional almost-everywhere convergence of general orthogonal series

The Orlicz and Tandori theorems on the unconditional almost-everywhere convergence, with respect to Lebesgue measure, of real orthogonal series defined on the interval (0; 1) are extended to general complex orthogonal series defined on a space with arbitrary measure.