Floquet theorem for linear implicit nonautonomous difference systems

The aim of this paper is to develop the Floquet theory for linear implicit difference systems (LIDS). It is proved that any index-1 LIDS can be transformed into its Kronecker normal form. Then the Floquet theorem on the representation of the fundamental matrix of index-1 periodic LIDS has been established. As an immediate consequence, the Lyapunov reduction theorem is proved. Some applications of the obtained results are discussed.     

On properties of difference polynomials

We study the value distribution of difference polynomials of meromorphic functions, and extend classical theorems of Tumura-Clunie type to difference polynomials. We also consider the value distribution of f (z)f (z + c).     

亚纯函数差分多项式的值分布

本文讨论了差分多项式的特征函数和零点. 特别地, 本文将Valiron-Mohon''ko 定理部分地推广到了差分多项式, 并且对微分多项式零点的一些经典结果建立了差分模拟.     

A Capelli type theorem for multiplicative convolutions of polynomials

We prove a Capelli type theorem on the canonical decomposition for multiplicative convolutions of polynomials. We derive then some irreducibility criteria for convolutions of polynomials in several variables over a given field. The irreducibility conditions are expressed only in terms of the degrees of the polynomials in convolution, the degrees of their coefficients, and the degrees of some suitable divisors of the resulting leading coefficient. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A Sturmian separation theorem for symplectic difference systems

We establish a Sturmian separation theorem for conjoined bases of 2n-dimensional symplectic difference systems. In particular, we show that the existence of a conjoined basis without focal points in a discrete interval (0,N+1] implies that any other conjoined basis has at most n focal points (counting multiplicities) in this interval.     

A new conservation theorem

A general theorem on conservation laws for arbitrary differential equations is proved. The theorem is valid also for any system of differential equations where the number of equations is equal to the number of dependent variables. The new theorem does not require existence of a Lagrangian and is based on a concept of an adjoint equation for non-linear equations suggested recently by the author. It is proved that the adjoint equation inherits all symmetries of the original equation. Accordingly, one can associate a conservation law with any group of Lie, Lie-Bäcklund or non-local symmetries and find conservation laws for differential equations without classical Lagrangians.     

Special polynomials and rational solutions of the hierarchy of the second Painlevé equation

We study special polynomials used to represent rational solutions of the hierarchy of the second Painlevé equation. We find several recursion relations satisfied by these polynomials. In particular, we obtain a differential-difference relation that allows finding any polynomial recursively. This relation is an analogue of the Toda chain equations. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 153, No. 1, pp. 58–67, October, 2007.     

Laguerre-Freud equations for Generalized Hahn polynomials of type I

We derive a system of difference equations satisfied by the three-term recurrence coefficients of some families of discrete orthogonal polynomials.     

Peano type theorem for abstract parabolic equations

We consider parabolic problems with non-Lipschitz nonlinearity in the different scales of Banach spaces and prove local-in-time existence theorem.     

A refined Gallai-Edmonds structure theorem for weighted matching polynomials

In this work, we prove a refinement of the Gallai-Edmonds structure theorem for weighted matching polynomials by Ku and Wong. Our proof uses a connection between matching polynomials and branched continued fractions. We also show how this is related to a modification by Sylvester of the classical Sturm's theorem on the number of zeros of a real polynomial in an interval. In addition, we obtain some other results about zeros of matching polynomials.     

Positive periodic solutions for a nonlinear difference system via a continution theorem

Based on a continuation theorem of Mawhin, the existence of a positive periodic solution for a nonlinear difference system is studied.     

Sturmian theorems for hyperbolic type partial difference equations

Sturmian comparison theorems are derived for a class of discrete hyperbolic type equations.     

A note on the uniqueness theorem of meromorphic mappings

In this article, some uniqueness theorems of meromorphic mappings are proved.     

Connection formulae for asymptotics of the fifth Painlevé transcendent on the imaginary axis: I

Leading terms of asymptotic expansions for the general complex solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation as are found. These asymptotics are parameterized by monodromy data of the associated linear ODE, The parameterization allows one to derive connection formulae for the asymptotics. We provide numerical verification of the results. Important special cases of the connection formulae are also considered.