Degenerate resonances and branching of periodic orbits

In this paper we establish results on the existence of Lyapunov families of periodic orbits of reversible systems in around an equilibrium that presents a 0:1:1-resonance. The main proofs are based on a combined use of normal form theory, Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction and elements of symbolic computation. This work was supported by France–Brazil cooperation.     

Guiding functions and periodic solutions for inclusions with causal multioperators

In the present paper, the method of guiding functions is applied to study the periodic problem for a differential inclusion with a causal multioperator. At first we consider the case when the multioperator is closed and convex-valued. Then the case of a non-convex-valued and lower semicontinuous right-hand part is considered. Thereafter, the theory is extended to the case of non-smooth guiding functions.     

Existence of positive periodic solutions of several types of biological models with periodic coefficients

This paper investigates the existence of positive periodic solutions for several types of important biological models with periodic coefficients, including the HIV model with multiple infection stages and general incidence, the epidemic models (such as the SIRS model, the SIRI model, the SEIRS model, etc.) with general incidence. By means of the continuation theorem in the coincidence degree, and the combination of analytical techniques such as constructing appropriate auxiliary functions, we give several classes of explicit sufficient conditions for the existence of positive periodic solutions for these biological models. When these models with periodic coefficients degenerate to the corresponding autonomous cases, our conditions all naturally degenerate to the basic reproduction number is greater than 1. Our results greatly improve and expand the studies in the existing literatures.     

Remark on Krasnosielski’s guiding functions and Srzednicki’s periodic segments

We show that the existence of the complete set of guiding functions guarantees the existence of periodic isolating segment that carries the same information concerning periodic solutions of the non-autonomous periodic equations x^′=f(x,t)$x^{\prime }=f(x,t)$.     

On obtaining higher order convergence for smooth periodic functions

We present two algorithms for multivariate numerical integration of smooth periodic functions. The cubature rules on which these algorithms are based use fractional parts of multiples of irrationals in combination with certain weights. Previous work led to algorithms with quadratic and cubic error convergence. We generalize these algorithms so that one can use them to obtain general higher order error convergence. The algorithms are open in the sense that extra steps can easily be taken in order to improve the result. They are also linear in the number of steps and their memory cost is low.     

Population models in almost periodic environments

We establish the basic theory of almost periodic sequences on ?₊. Dichotomy techniques are then utilized to find sufficient conditions for the existence of a globally attracting almost periodic solution of a semilinear system of difference equations. These existence results are, subsequently, applied to discretely reproducing populations with and without overlapping generations. Furthermore, we access evidence for attenuance and resonance in almost periodically forced population models.     

Non-autonomous periodic systems with Allee effects

A new class of maps called unimodal Allee maps are introduced. Such maps arise in the study of population dynamics in which the population goes extinct if its size falls below a threshold value. A unimodal Allee map is thus a unimodal map with three fixed points, a zero fixed point, a small positive fixed point, called threshold point, and a bigger positive fixed point, called the carrying capacity. In this paper, the properties and stability of the three fixed points are studied in the setting of non-autonomous periodic dynamical systems or difference equations. Finally, we investigate the bifurcation of periodic systems/difference equations when the system consists of two unimodal Allee maps.     

Propagation dynamics of a nonlocal periodic organism model with non-monotone birth rates

This work is concerned with a nonlocal reaction–diffusion system modeling the propagation dynamics of organisms owning mobile and stationary states in periodic environments. We establish the existence of the asymptotic speed of spreading for the model system with monotone birth function via asymptotic propagation theory of monotone semiflow, and then discuss the case for non-monotone birth function by using the squeezing technique. In terms of the truncated problem on a finite interval, we apply the method of super- and sub-solutions and the fixed point theorem combined with regularity estimation and limit arguments to obtain the existence of time periodic traveling waves for the model system without quasi-monotonicity. The non-existence proof is to use the results of the spreading speed. Finally, as an application, we study the spatial dynamics of the model with the birth rate function of Ricker type and numerically demonstrate analytic results.     

Identification of survival functions through hazard functions in the Clayton-family

In a multivariate nonparametric setup the survival function is not identifiable from the hazard function. Things may change, however, if we restrict ourselves to semiparametric submodels. In this note we show that for the Clayton survival model, the answer is affirmative.     

Traffic models of periodic event-triggered quantized control systems

Periodic Event-Triggered Quantized Control (PETQC) is a type of event-triggered control (ETC) that takes into account the quantization effect introduced by network transmission and only requires to measure the plant output periodically instead of continuously. In this work, we present an abstract model for the traffic generated by the dynamics of PETQC implementations. Construction of the abstract models is done in two steps. Our first step is to divide the state space into finite regions. Each region is then analyzed with LMIs to examine the event-triggering behavior. The state transitions among different regions are resulted from reachability analysis.     

Fill rate of single-stage general periodic review inventory systems

This paper develops an exact formula for the fill rate of a single-stage inventory system that uses a general periodic-review base-stock policy. For normal demand, we present a fill-rate expression that uses the standard normal PDF and CDF, and develop two approximations for the fill rate.     

Nontrivial periodic solutions for asymptotically linear resonant difference problem

In this paper the existence of nontrivial periodic solution for second order asymptotically linear difference equation at resonance is obtained. The methods used here are based on combining the minimax methods and the Morse theory, especially the observation on the critical groups.     

Non-existence of periodic solutions in fractional-order dynamical systems and a remarkable difference between integer and fractional-order derivatives of periodic functions

Using the Mellin transform approach, it is shown that, in contrast with integer-order derivatives, the fractional-order derivative of a periodic function cannot be a function with the same period. The three most widely used definitions of fractional-order derivatives are taken into account, namely, the Caputo, Riemann-Liouville and Grunwald-Letnikov definitions. As a consequence, the non-existence of exact periodic solutions in a wide class of fractional-order dynamical systems is obtained. As an application, it is emphasized that the limit cycle observed in numerical simulations of a simple fractional-order neural network cannot be an exact periodic solution of the system.     

Stable periodic traveling waves for a predator-prey model with non-constant death rate and delay

In this paper we will consider a predator-prey model with a non-constant death rate and distributed delay, described by a partial integro-differential system. The main goal of this work is to prove that the partial integro-differential system has periodic orbitally asymptotically stable solutions in the form of periodic traveling waves; i.e. N(x, t) = N(σt − μ · x), P(x, t) = P(σt − μ · x), where σ > 0 is the angular frequency and μ is the vector number of the plane wave, which propagates in the direction of the vector μ with speed c = σ/∥μ∥; and N(x, t) and P(x, t) are the spatial population densities of the prey and the predator species, respectively. In order to achieve our goal we will use singular perturbation’s techniques.     

Determining the fill rate for a periodic review inventory policy with capacitated replenishments,lost sales and zero lead time

In this paper we consider a periodic review order-up-to inventory system with capacitated replenishments, lost sales and zero lead time. We consider discrete demand. It is shown that the initial stock levels of the different review periods form a Markov chain and we determine the transition matrix. Furthermore we study for what probability mass functions of the review period demand the Markov chain has a unique stationary distribution. Finally, we present a method to determine the fill rate.     

On a fractional integral equation of periodic functions involving Weyl-Riesz operator in Banach algebras

In this paper, we study the existence of periodic solutions for a nonlinear integral equation of periodic functions involving Weyl-Riesz fractional integral operator under the mixed generalized Lipschitz, Carathéodory and monotonicity conditions. The fixed point theorems due to Dhage are the main tool in carrying out our proofs.     

Nonoscillation and oscillation of second-order impulsive differential equations with periodic coefficients

In this paper, we give a nonoscillation criterion for half-linear equations with periodic coefficients under fixed moments of impulse actions. The method is based on the existence of positive solutions of the related Riccati equation and a recently obtained comparison principle. In the special case when the equation becomes impulsive Hill equation new oscillation criteria are also obtained.