尺寸可控氢氧化镧纳米棒的水热合成及表征

以硝酸镧为镧源、三乙胺为碱源和络合剂,通过简便的水热法成功合成了大量均一的氢氧化镧纳米棒。详细研究了三乙胺的用量、表面活性剂、反应温度和时间对产物形貌及尺寸的影响。基于实验结果,提出了氢氧化镧纳米棒的形成机理。同时制备了稀土掺杂的氢氧化镧纳米棒。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）和高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）对所得产物的物相、结构和形貌进行了表征分析。     

NaOH溶液中CdS纳米棒的水热合成

在NaOH溶液中水热合成了CdS纳米棒, 并探讨了NaOH溶液浓度和反应时间对CdS纳米棒形貌及晶体结构的影响及其可能的生长机理和母液循环可行性. 用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和选区电子衍射(SAED)对CdS纳米棒进行了表征, 并考察了其在可见光照射下光催化降解亚甲基蓝的活性. 结果表明, NaOH溶液是形成棒状形貌的关键因素. 在最优实验条件下, 可获得六方纤锌矿结构CdS纳米棒, 直径约200 nm, 长度可达4 μm. 该纳米棒具有良好的可见光光催化活性.     

氢氧化镍纳米棒的水热制备及其表征

以Ni₂SO₄·6H₂O和NaOH为原料,在水热条件下制备了氢氧化镍纳米棒.运用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对样品进行了表征,考察了水热反应温度和pH值对产物的形貌和结构的影响.结果表明,氢氧化镍纳米棒形成的最佳条件是180～200℃,pH为9～10.     

水热模板法合成碲化镍纳米棒

研究了一种简单的碲化镍纳米棒的合成方法．在合成过程中,以碲纳米棒为反应模板,使之与新鲜生成的纳米镍颗粒反应生成碲化镍．利用X射线粉末衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜对产物进行了表征,研究了反应物中Ni和Te的摩尔比及反应温度对产物的影响,讨论了由Te纳米棒向NiTe纳米棒转化的机理．     

室温快速合成SnSe纳米棒

The synthesis of crystalline SnSe nanorods was successfully achieved via a chemical reaction between sodium selenosulfate (Na₂SeSO₃) and SnCl₂·2H₂O in alkaline aqueous solution in the presence of the complexing agent (trisodium citrate) at room temperature under ambient air. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopoy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results reveal that the SnSe nanorods are well crystalline with an average diameter of 85 nm and the lengths up to 10 μm. The possible mechanism for the formation of SnSe is also discussed.     

水热重结晶法制备羟基磷灰石纳米棒

本文以Ca(NO₃)₂和(NH₄)₂HPO₄为原料，采用重结晶法，在水热条件下制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)纳米棒；利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)等分析测试手段，研究了pH值和晶化时间对HA组成和结构的影响。实验结果表明，室温混合pH值为7.5的沉淀物和pH值为10.5的清液，于180 ℃下水热处理10 h重结晶制得的HA纳米棒的平均长径比最长(约为28)；采用不同pH值的清液，体系的单体浓度(即化学势)改变时，得到的HA纳米棒的长径比不同；随着晶化时间延长，纳米棒的长径比先增大后减小。     

Cd2+掺杂ZnWO4纳米棒的合成和光致发光性能研究

采用简单的水热法合成了Cd2+掺杂ZnWO4纳米棒.通过SEM、TEM、EDX和XRD等手段对产物进行了表征.实验结果表明,产物为直径约20 nm.长300～500 nm的Cd2+掺杂ZnWO4纳米棒.研究了Cd2+掺杂量对ZnWO4纳米棒的光致发光性能的影响,随着Cd2+掺杂量的增加,ZnWO4纳米棒的光致发光强度随之增强.     

微波合成氧化锌纳米棒聚集体

以草酸锌和碳酸钠的水溶液为前驱体溶液,微波低火辐射10 min,成功制备出结晶性好的氧化锌纳米棒聚集体(1),其结构和形貌经X-射线衍射、选区成份分析和场发射扫描电子显微镜表征.结果表明,1结晶性好,平均直径60 nm,长度在300 nm～400 nm,沿着c轴择优取向生长.对生长过程进行了分析.     

PbS纳米棒的水热合成与表征

以乙酸铅和硫脲为主要原料,十二烷基磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为表面活性剂,在120℃反应12h,水热法制备了PbS纳米棒.并利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和高分辨电子显微镜(HRTEM)等手段对产物进行了表征,实验结果表明：产物为纯相立方结构的PbS单晶纳米棒.考察了乙酸铅和硫脲间的摩尔比以及反应温度对合成产物的影响,并初步探讨其形成机理.     

水热法合成双金属多元型的Mo1.8W16.2O49纳米棒

近年来,纳米材料在电子学[1]、光电子学[2]和存储元件[3]等技术的发展方面起到至关重要的作用。在纳米材料的合成中,过渡金属氧化物的合成越来越受到人们的重视[4,5]。一维过渡金属氧化物纳米材料具有特殊的光学、磁学和电学特性。其中,一维氧化钨(WO3-x,0≤x<3)纳米材料具有很     

氧化锌纳米棒的制备和生长机理研究

ZnO nanorods are prepared by different assistants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide，trisodium citrate and ethylene diamine anhydrous) favored hydrothermal synthesis with Zn(OH)₂ colloid as the precursor. The samples are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the as-synthesized ZnO nanorods are of uniform size with 25 nm in diameter and 200～300 nm in length. The effects of the different assistants to the morphology, size and mechanism of nano-ZnO are discussed.     

Synthesize TiO_2 microspheres self-assembled from nanorods via hydrothermal treatment

The TiO2 microspheres were deposited on the glass substrates under certain conditions via hydro-thermal reaction using 0.15 mol·L?1 TiCl3 saturated NaCl aqueous solution adding urea as an additive. The TiO2 is characterized rutile by results of SEM,TEM and XRD techniques,the TiO2 microspheres are large scale assembled from TiO2 nanorods. The affections on the products by the factors of the con-tents of urea being an additive(the key techniques) ,the reaction temperature,the reaction time and the concentration of TiCl3 were studied. The optimum condition was found,and the mechanism of reac-tions was discussed also.     

Synthesize TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> microspheres self-assembled from nanorods via hydrothermal treatment

The TiO2 microspheres were deposited on the glass substrates under certain conditions via hydrothermal reaction using 0.15 mol·L-1 TiCl3 saturated NaCl aqueous solution adding urea as an additive.The TiO2 is characterized rutile by results of SEM, TEM and XRD techniques, the TiO2 microspheres are large scale assembled from TiO2 nanorods. The affections on the products by the factors of the contents of urea being an additive (the key techniques), the reaction temperature, the reaction time and the concentration of TiCl3 were studied. The optimum condition was found, and the mechanism of reactions was discussed also.     

关于硒缺乏症,硒与透析的探讨

就硒缺乏症、硒与透析的关系，检查了慢性肾功不全患者血清中的硒，其浓度为９．８±１．９μｇ／ｄＬ，正常人的血清中，硒浓度为１３．７±２．６μｇ／ｄＬ．并对慢性肾功不全的患者进行透析，测定其血清中硒浓度为１０．７±３．１μｇ／ｄＬ．结果表明：慢性肾功不全患者血清中硒浓度低于正常人血清中画浓度，经透析后血清中硒浓度虽有上升，但仍不如正常人，并且随着透析期间的延长血清中硒浓度逐渐下降．     

Controlled Synthesis of Se/Te Alloy and Te Nanowires

"Se/Te alloy and Te nanowires (NWs) with different morphologies were synthesized through a novel, control-lable solution-phase method. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was employed as a surfactant to control the reaction rate in the synthesis. Through reaction process dynamics control, both "bending" and "V-shaped" Se/Te alloy NWs were controllably produced. The phase structures and morphologies of the Se/Te and Te products were investigated with XRD, TEM, and HRTEM. The formation mechanisms of the NWs were investigated on the basis of the experimental results. The significance of these results lies in the important implications concerning the potential use of these NWs materials for nanoscale electronic devices."     

Mercury selenide nanorods: Synthesis and characterization via a simple hydrothermal method

HgSe nanorods have been synthesized through a simple hydrothermal reduction approach. The nanorods formed were ≈45 nm average diameter and ≈3 μm nm in length. X-ray diffraction characterization suggested that the product consists of cubic phase pure HgSe. The as-prepared products were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). An X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) study further confirmed the composition and purity of the product. The synthesis procedure is simple and uses less toxic reagents than the previously reported methods. The results showed that the capping agent CTAB (cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide) plays a crucial role in the process. Other factors, such as the reaction time, temperature, different capping agent and the reductant type also have an influence on the morphology of the final products to some extent.     

水热-热解法制备具有一维纳米结构的γ-Mn2O3

γ-Mn₂O₃with one dimensional (1D) nanostructure was prepared via hydrothermal treatment followed by decomposition. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed that nanorods coexisted with nanotubes, with the aspet ration higher than 20 and the inner diameter of nanotubes about 10 nm. TGA-DTG, XRD and TEM were used to characterize the products. The factors of hydrothermal treating temperature, holding time and high concentration of SDS played important roles in the formation and growth of the 1D nanostructures.